Vol 49, No 3 (1968)

It is known that in Russia, in contrast to the countries of Western Europe, higher medical education began to develop much later. If in Italy and France the training of doctors began in the XV-XVI centuries. then in Russia the first medical faculty (at Moscow University) was opened a little more than 200 years ago, that is, in 1764.

The surgeon's tactics for acute complications after operations on the abdominal organs have been revised in recent years. If until recently the preference was given to the methods of conservative therapy, now more and more opinions are expressed about the benefits of early and, if possible, radical surgical treatment of these complications [1, 2, 3, 4].

Gastric resection for ulcers is a generally recognized radical method of surgical treatment. The number of patients who underwent this operation is large. After the operation, new anatomical and physiological conditions are created, the study of which is of great importance in assessing the operation and compensatory adaptive mechanisms.

At present, much attention is paid to the study of protein fractions and lipoproteins of blood serum in various pathological conditions.

Of the 623 people operated on in the department for perforations, 31 were taken to the treatment table with an erroneous diagnosis of acute appendicitis. The aim of the work is to try to find out the reasons for the mistakes.

Currently, there are two types of biopsies of the gastric mucosa: blind aspiration using a flexible probe and guided under visual control through a gastroscope.

In most cases, damage to the organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavities is combined with damage to the bones and retroperitoneal organs. With such combined injuries, there is a high mortality rate.

Basically, surgery for chronic osteomyelitis consists of the removal of non-viable bone tissue from the osteomyelitis cavity and replacement of the bone defect. The technique of performing necrectomy at different stages is very different.

Differentiation between intracerebral hemorrhage and cerebral thrombosis is based on the clinical picture and features of stroke [2, 6, 8].

As indicated in the program report of the XIV All-Union Congress of Epidemiologists, Microbiologists and Infectious Diseases, “the clinical signs of infectious diseases are an increase in the number of lungs, an increase in atypical forms and a decrease in severe forms against the background of a persistent decrease in mortality” [6].

Determining the severity of the course of infectious hepatitis is a rather difficult task in the clinic. It is the absence of objective criteria for its assessment that can explain the fact that a number of authors, including N.I. Nisevich and B.G.Shirvindt (1964), consider infectious hepatitis as a disease that proceeds mainly in a mild or moderate form.

Recently, many authors [3, 4, 7] attach a certain diagnostic value to an intradermal test with their own blood serum of patients with Botkin's disease.

The question of the pathogenesis of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, which are important diagnostic signs of typhoid fever, is of great interest.

Many works are devoted to the pathogenesis of an eclampsic attack. Nevertheless, there is still a lot of unclear in the mechanism of the seizure occurrence.

The success of the treatment of inflammatory processes in the female genital area of infectious etiology, like many other diseases, depends primarily on the correct choice of an antibacterial drug, on the time and method of its administration.

It is known that the stay of a dead fetus for 3-5 weeks in the uterine cavity can lead to significant defects of coagulation, up to the development of severe bleeding during childbirth and the early postpartum period such as hypo- and afibrinogenemia [3, 5, 6, 7].

We observed in a woman in the appendages of one side a very rare combination of an early ectopic pregnancy with a hematoma of the corpus luteum of the ovary.

Myocardial infarction in the postoperative period with interventions in the abdominal cavity is a rare but formidable complication.

The following observations concerning patients with various pathologies are united by the fact that profuse gastrointestinal bleeding occurred, as we believe, due to the formation of acute ulcers.

M., 65 years old, entered 5 / I 1967 with complaints of shortness of breath, pain in the left side of the chest, in the lumbar region, in the left hypochondrium, aggravated by breathing, movement, coughing, and a rise in temperature to 37.5 - 37.8 °.

The defeat of the nervous system in measles is quite rare, so every message about this disease is of interest.

The reason for this report is the observation of a rather rare form of combined acute intestinal obstruction.

M., 11 months old, was admitted on 5/3 1965 to a children's hospital with a diagnosis of pneumonia, toxic dyspepsia. He fell ill acutely, there were abdominal pains, nausea, vomiting, high fever, shortness of breath, loose stools streaked with blood.

N., 15 years old, a student of the 9th grade, was delivered on 21/1 1960 at 11 o'clock with a diagnosis of "closed abdominal trauma". On admission he complained of pain in the upper abdomen, especially on the right, nausea, shortness of breath when changing the position of the body and irradiation of pain in the chest. 20 / I at 9 o'clock. 30 minutes. while playing basketball he received a knee blow in the stomach.

The volvulus of the greater omentum is a rare disease of the abdominal organs. The accumulation of factual material on this pathology can contribute to the improvement of preoperative diagnosis.

From 1960 to 1965, 569 patients with acute appendicitis were in the Podbelsk district hospital - 26.2% of all surgical patients, 42.7% of all operated patients and 86.2% of those operated on for acute diseases of the abdominal cavity.

In 1964-1965. The authors observed 23 patients with acute renal failure due to hemorrhagic fever (age - from 8 to 50 years). 3 patients died from uremia.

A shortened course of treatment was given to 900 patients (370 men, 530 women). The mild form of the disease was in 690, moderate - in 210 patients.

In 1966, according to our hospital, Sonne's dysentery accounted for 93% of all cases of bacteriologically confirmed dysentery. A total of 224 patients aged 15 to 70 years old, hospitalized in 1966, were examined.

For the first time, Rokitansky pointed out the possibility of compression of the duodenum by the superior mesenteric artery that crosses it in 1842. Since then, this syndrome has been of interest not only to clinicians, but also to anatomists.

Allergic reactions are attracting more and more attention of scientific and practical healthcare workers. The increase in the number of allergic diseases is due to the spread of allergens in connection with the expansion of the use of chemical products, antibiotics, preventive and therapeutic drugs.

Regional epidemiological features of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome are due to the landscape diversity of its natural foci.

The intensively developing oil production and refining industry of Tatarstan, Bashkiria and the Perm region is the main source of pollution of surface water bodies of Tataria with oil products.

We studied the anatomical variants of the location of the initial part of the jejunum and their significance in the formation of the gastrointestinal anastomosis. The study of the length and shape of the upper duodenal fold, skeletotopy and syntopy of the duodenal jejunum curvature was carried out on 102 corpses by the method of conventional anatomical dissection with subsequent photographing.

The viability of the intestine is judged by indirect signs - color, the presence of peristaltic movements, the appearance and pulsation of the mesenteric vessels. However, they do not always reflect the state of blood flow in the intestinal wall.

March 7, 1968 marked the 60th anniversary of his birth and 35 years of medical, scientific, pedagogical and social activities of Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Midkhat Kharisovich Faizullin, head of the Department of Radiology and Radiology No. 1 of Kazan State Pedagogical University named after In I. Lenin.

Currently in the hands of the clinician there are a number of sophisticated apparatus and instruments for examining the patient. Various kinds of X-ray studies are widely used, and in recent years - and radiological.

Pathological syndromes, which most often occur in the long term after the Billroth II gastric resection, are of constant interest to surgeons.

On November 13, 1967, after a long and serious illness, one of the founders of Soviet orthopedics and traumatology, a prominent scientist, Honored Scientist of the RSFSR, Professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences Mikhail Osipovich Fridland, died at the age of 80.