Vol 55, No 3 (1974)
Psychiatric and Neuropathological Service in Tatarstan
Abstract
One of the decisive conditions for the progress of Soviet health care is the further development and strengthening of specialized types of medical care for the population, of which the neuropsychiatric service should rightfully be classified as one of the most important and leading at the present stage.



Some general patterns of clinical picture and pathogenesis of vertebrogenic diseases of the nervous system
Abstract
The Kazan neurological school, founded by L.O.Darkshevich, was bequeathed to the traditions of strict clinical practice. The clinic was directly interested in neurohistological research - a direction that continued to develop A. V. Favorsky, I. S. Aluf, L. I. Omorokov; the same goals were set by neurophysiologists - students of the Kazan neurological school - A.D. Markov, I.I. Rusetsky, I.I. Churaev, A.I. Fedorov, A.P. Kasatkina, E.I. Eselevich and dr.






Birth injuries of the spinal cord, spine and vertebral arteries in children
Abstract
Despite a significant number of publications devoted to birth traumatism of the nervous system, in this area there are a huge number of contradictions and unresolved problems. This applies to terminology, and methodology, and elementary issues of topical diagnostics, and modern paraclinical research methods.



To the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis
Abstract
Among the many different concepts of the etiology and pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), none is currently generally accepted. When analyzing the clinical features of this very widespread organic lesion of the nervous system, the thought should undoubtedly arise about the possible inferiority of the defense mechanisms in patients with MS. The staging of the process and spontaneous remissions during MS indicate different functional capabilities of the body, in particular the immunocompetent system, in each period of the disease.






On the healing of skull fractures
Abstract
Linear fractures are the most common form of damage to the fornix and base of the skull, the X-ray diagnosis of which is sufficiently highlighted in the literature [1, 3, 4, 7, 8]. However, clinical and radiological comparisons of the consequences of linear fractures of the skull have not been fully developed. The question of the timing of the healing of such fractures of the skull remains controversial.



On the timing of hospitalization of patients with traumatic brain injury
Abstract
Despite the large number of works devoted to the clinic and treatment of acute traumatic brain injury, the prediction of the outcomes of this pathology has been little studied. There is also no consensus regarding the most optimal terms of hospitalization and labor expertise of patients with trauma of varying severity.






On the issue of some cerebral mechanisms in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia
Abstract
One of the most fruitful areas of modern psychiatry in the study of the biological foundations of the pathogenesis of schizophrenia is associated with the development of the theory of the hereditary nature of this disease. According to ME Vartanyan, if a disease is of a hereditary nature, then its transmission to offspring can occur only through specific biological factors of the disease or predisposition to it. The discovery of these mechanisms is the most important task in understanding the nature of endogenous psychoses.



Treatment of schizophrenic patients
Abstract
The treatment of schizophrenia - the most common and severe mental illness - continues to be one of the most important tasks of modern psychiatry. Until now, discussions continue in the literature about the influence of the widespread use of psychotropic drugs on the results of therapy, on the social and labor prognosis, etc. out-of-hospital conditions.









Experience in the application of mathematical methods and computer technology in medical genetic research
Abstract
The main practical task of medical genetic counseling is the probabilistic prediction of the inheritance of the disease by the offspring. This, to a certain extent, stimulated the development of some areas of the so-called mathematical genetics and variational statistics. Computing technology opens up new opportunities for research in many areas of medical genetics, as evidenced by our experience in the clinical and genetic study of syringomyelia.



Endocrine function of the gastrointestinal tract and its role in pathology
Abstract
In recent years, the importance of gastroduodenal hormones in the mechanism of regulation (including self-regulation) of the functions of the digestive system and their role in the occurrence of general non-digestive reactions has been shown [1, 2, 3a, 3b, 4, 10, 11]. The use of natural and synthetic hormones discovered to date - secretin, cholecystokinopancreosimine and gastrin made it possible to determine the most important aspects of their action and the possibility of their use for diagnostic purposes in the clinic.



The effect of nicotinic acid on microcirculation in gastroenterological patients
Abstract
In this work, the task was set to study the dynamics of microcirculation in gastroenterological patients under the influence of nicotinic acid. Biomicroscopy was performed in the vessels of the conjunctiva of the eye and the mucous membrane of the oral cavity using a Zeiss operating microscope with a 32-fold magnification according to the method of Harding and Knizel. For photographic recording, a Zenit reflex camera with illumination from a Fil-41 flash flash was used [2].



The state of the mucous membrane of the duodenum with peptic ulcer disease
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the structure of the duodenum mucosa obtained by aspiration biopsy in patients with peptic ulcer disease, in comparison with the clinical features of the disease, indices of gastric secretory function, X-ray data, as well as an alkalizing effect in the duodenum.






Post-resection peptic ulcers of the jejunum
Abstract
For a long period, peptic ulcers of the jejunum were considered predominantly a disease of the gastroenterostomy stomach. Indeed, with the rejection of gastroenterostomy as a common operation for peptic ulcer disease, the number of patients with peptic ulcers has decreased. However, resection of the stomach in peptic ulcer disease, despite the apparent radicalism, does not exclude the possibility of this serious complication.



Causes of postoperative mortality in perforated gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer and ways to reduce it
Abstract
For 1968-1972. In surgical hospitals of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, 873 patients were operated on for perforated gastric and duodenal ulcers, 48 of them died. Despite the fact that all district hospitals were staffed with surgeons, and much attention was paid to the issues of differential diagnosis of "acute abdomen", postoperative mortality in perforated gastroduodenal ulcers remain relatively high (5.5%).



Allergic component in the pathogenesis of cholecystitis
Abstract
In order to determine the role of the allergic component in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic cholecystitis, we carried out clinical, immunobiological and pathomorphological studies. As immunobiological tests, we used the Boyden passive hemagglutination reaction with tissue antigens, blast transformation reactions, leukolysis, and intradermal tests with bacterial allergens of Escherichia coli, hemolytic streptococcus and staphylococcus, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus NIIM.



About parietal digestion in patients with chronic cholecystitis
Abstract
In clinical practice, in patients with chronic cholecystitis, various symptoms of involvement of the small intestine in the pathological process are often observed. At present, the attention of clinicians studying the pathology of the small intestine is directed to the state of parietal digestion.



Secretory function of the pancreas in diseases of the biliary tract in children
Abstract
The exocrine function of the pancreas in cholecystitis and angiocholecystitis in children has been described in isolated works [1, 3]. Data on the state of pancreatic function in patients with cholecystitis during the period of dispensary observation, we did not come across in the literature.



Long-term results of conservative treatment of patients with acute cholecystitis
Abstract
Some provisions of treatment tactics for acute cholecystitis are still controversial. Therefore, we analyzed the medical history of 1327 patients discharged after conservative treatment from three large surgical hospitals of Comrade Kuibyshev for the period from 1957 to 1966.



Choice of drainage surgery for complicated cholecystitis
Abstract
Complicated forms of acute and chronic cholecystitis are found in 40-60% of operated patients [1, 2]. We have analyzed the medical history of patients operated on from 1960 to 1972 for cholecystitis and its complications (741 people). Our observations show that the number of patients with complicated cholecystitis has increased in recent years.



To the method of draining the abdominal cavity with peritonitis
Abstract
We have studied in a comparative aspect the results of various methods of drainage of the abdominal cavity used in the clinic in patients with acute purulent peritonitis. In total for 1970-1972. 5717 patients with acute surgical diseases and injuries of the abdominal organs were operated on urgently. In 5435 operations, the abdominal cavity was sutured tightly. Drainages were introduced to 282 patients. Since in patients with common forms of peritonitis (classification of V.S. Mayat), drainage was carried out at least after 2 incisions, the total number of introduced drains exceeds the number of patients and is 431.






On the question of determining the informativeness of the characteristics of thromboelastograms
Abstract
The blood coagulation system can be characterized as multiparametric. Currently, there are a number of methods for studying certain phases and stages of the coagulation process. The most widespread are devices based on measuring the mechanical characteristics of a fibrin clot (thromboelastographs). We have made an attempt to quantify the value of thromboelastography in determining the state of the blood coagulation system, to compare the readings of this device with the results of biochemical studies (coagulogram) in health and disease.



Therapeutic tactics in children with broncho-pleural communications with staphylococcal destruction of the lungs
Abstract
This report is based on the observation of 156 children with pulmonary-pleural form of staphylococcal lung destruction (SDL) aged from 26 days to 14 years (up to 3 years - 100, up to 7 years - 33, up to 14 years - 23 people). Unilateral lesion was found in 117 of them (in 67 the process was localized on the right, in 50 - on the left) and bilateral - in 39; primary SDS with pleural complications - in 109, secondary lesion - in 47.



Artificial ventilation of the lungs during anesthesia in newborns and infants
Abstract
Providing adequate ventilation during anesthesia in young children is associated with well-known difficulties associated with the high resistance of the child's tracheobronchial tree, high linear velocities of the air flow and additional resistance created by exhalation by a narrow endotracheal tube. In addition, anesthesia and breathing apparatus are intended for adults and are not intended for use in children.






Causes of death of patients from otogenic abscesses of the brain and cerebellum
Abstract
The Department of ENT Diseases of the Bashkir Medical Institute has been analyzing otogenic intracranial complications since 1937. According to V.A. brain abscesses and 17 with cerebellar abscesses. We analyzed mortality from intracranial complications in 1955-1970. During this period, we observed 353 such patients.



The effect of methyluracil on immunological parameters
Abstract
In this work, the task is to study the immunobiological changes (the production of agglutinins and the protective properties of blood serums) when one of the pyrimidine derivatives, methyluracil, is used simultaneously with the typhoid fever vaccine. There were 49 people under observation, of which 26 (18 men and 8 women aged 19 to 48 years) received methyluracil, and 23 (14 men and 9 women aged 19 to 40 years) made up the control group. All who were vaccinated were carefully examined by a therapist, their temperature, blood pressure, leukocyte count, ROE were checked.






Diagnostic value and specificity of passive hemagglutination reaction in children with dysentery
Abstract
The large polymorphism of the clinical manifestations of dysentery in children against the background of high morbidity and relatively low bacteriological confirmation puts medical workers in front of the need to study additional methods for diagnosing this infection. Of particular interest in this regard are serological methods, in particular the passive hemagglutination reaction, which has not yet received widespread practical application.



Formation of fibrinogen b in patients with meningococcal infection
Abstract
In the clinical picture of severe forms of meningococcal infection, which often occur with symptoms of acute adrenal insufficiency, attention is drawn to hemorrhagic manifestations of the skin and mucous membranes, in some cases, extensive hemorrhages with necrosis. The pathogenesis of such forms of the disease has not been clarified, the use of complex methods of therapy does not always give good results, and the mortality rate in Waterhouse-Friederichsen syndrome (acute adrenal insufficiency) remains high.



The value of basal gastric secretion in the pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer
Abstract
In recent years, in connection with the emergence of more advanced methods for studying the secretory function of the stomach, the question of the diagnostic and pathogenetic significance of interdigestive (spontaneous, or basal) gastric secretion in peptic ulcer disease has been widely discussed.



Some immunological indicators for gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer
Abstract
We studied immunological reactivity in patients with gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer using the Boyden passive hemagglutination reaction (RPHA) with tannized erythrocytes with antigens from the stomach and duodenal tissue prepared by the method of A. D. Ado and A. A. Polner.


















About the gastrointestinal-transverse colon fistula
Abstract
Gastroenterostomy operations are currently performed for very limited indications. Nevertheless, patients who have undergone this operation and often suffer from various complications after it can fall into the field of vision of a therapist or surgeon.



Peritonitis in children
Abstract
We summarized materials on the treatment and outcomes of peritonitis and their complications in children for 1961-1971. in the surgical department of the medical unit of NGDU "Ishimbayneft". During this period, 840 children were operated on for emergency indications, including 73 children with peritonitis (44 boys and 29 girls). There were 8 children under the age of 3, 14 from 4 to 7, 51 from 8 to 14.



Excretory function of congestive liver
Abstract
The excretory function of the liver was studied in 262 patients and 20 healthy individuals by retention of bromsulfalein (BSF) at 30 and 45 minutes. The data obtained made it possible to calculate the criterion of the general functional state of the liver (T), the rate of dye elimination by the sinusoidal pole of hepatocytes (1) and the excretory function of the biliary pole of hepatic cells (h) using the Tychy nomogram (1970).






Acute cerebral vascular pathology in rural areas
Abstract
According to the materials of the medical institutions of the Baltasinsky region and the data of the statistical office, in the region from 1966 to 1971, 126 cases of acute vascular cerebral pathology were registered on the basis of hypertension, atherosclerosis and their combination. There were 52 men and 74 women.



Experience of ultrasound diagnostics of chronic nonspecific thyroiditis
Abstract
Our experience in ultrasound diagnostics of chronic nonspecific thyroiditis is 18 observations (women - 16, men - 2, age - from 22 to 70 years). We carried out the research on a domestic ultrasound diagnostic apparatus UZD-5 using a two-dimensional camera sensor (frequency 1.76 MHz) and two one-dimensional sensors (frequencies 1.76 and 2.64 MHz).



Changes in the ovaries in chronic inflammatory processes
Abstract
The aim of our work was to study the hormonal saturation of the inflammatory altered ovaries by histochemical methods by examining the content of lipids and ascorbic acid in them. To identify lipids in ovarian tissue, we used the Herxmeyer method, ascorbic acid was determined by Fat and Leblond. In order to study the morphological structure of the ovaries, preparations stained with hematoxylin-eosin and van Gieson's were prepared. As a control (group 1), the ovaries of 9 healthy women who died from injuries were examined. The glands were processed no later than 6 hours after death.



On the work of the admission department of the children's hospital
Abstract
The admission department of the hospital is the center for the organization of hospitalization of patients, emergency and emergency medical care for children admitted to the hospital. The importance of creating such departments is obvious, since patients receive highly qualified emergency care in them.



Organization of medical care for children in the october district of tassr
Abstract
In the Oktyabrsky district of the Tatar ASSR, in addition to the central regional hospital (CRH) with a children's department and consultation, a dairy kitchen, there are 4 district hospitals, 52 FAPs and FPs, 5 health centers. In the region there are 67 general education schools and one boarding school for mentally retarded children, 19 kindergartens. The child population is 23,309 people, including 972 under one year old. 4 pediatricians are engaged in medical care of children. The indicator of provision with pediatricians in the district is 1.7, which is less than in the whole country (3.4). Staffing with paramedics is complete.






On the results of the public review of the work of healthcare institutions of the TASSR in 1973
Abstract
In accordance with the decree of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR "On measures to further improve health care and the development of medical science in the country" in order to improve the culture of medical services to the population in the republic in 1973, a public review of the work of health care institutions was held.


