Vol 55, No 3 (1974)

The Kazan neurological school, founded by L.O.Darkshevich, was bequeathed to the traditions of strict clinical practice. The clinic was directly interested in neurohistological research - a direction that continued to develop A. V. Favorsky, I. S. Aluf, L. I. Omorokov; the same goals were set by neurophysiologists - students of the Kazan neurological school - A.D. Markov, I.I. Rusetsky, I.I. Churaev, A.I. Fedorov, A.P. Kasatkina, E.I. Eselevich and dr.

Despite a significant number of publications devoted to birth traumatism of the nervous system, in this area there are a huge number of contradictions and unresolved problems. This applies to terminology, and methodology, and elementary issues of topical diagnostics, and modern paraclinical research methods.

The state of cerebral hemodynamics in multiple sclerosis has been little covered in the literature. This determined the goal of this work - the study of cerebral hemodynamics in this disease using rheoencephalography (REG).

Despite the large number of works devoted to the clinic and treatment of acute traumatic brain injury, the prediction of the outcomes of this pathology has been little studied. There is also no consensus regarding the most optimal terms of hospitalization and labor expertise of patients with trauma of varying severity.

One of the most fruitful areas of modern psychiatry in the study of the biological foundations of the pathogenesis of schizophrenia is associated with the development of the theory of the hereditary nature of this disease. According to ME Vartanyan, if a disease is of a hereditary nature, then its transmission to offspring can occur only through specific biological factors of the disease or predisposition to it. The discovery of these mechanisms is the most important task in understanding the nature of endogenous psychoses.

Currently, more and more facts are accumulating confirming the important role of neurochemical processes (along with nervous mechanisms) in the regulation and maintenance of various manifestations of sleep, in particular its phases.

The main practical task of medical genetic counseling is the probabilistic prediction of the inheritance of the disease by the offspring. This, to a certain extent, stimulated the development of some areas of the so-called mathematical genetics and variational statistics. Computing technology opens up new opportunities for research in many areas of medical genetics, as evidenced by our experience in the clinical and genetic study of syringomyelia.

In this work, the task was set to study the dynamics of microcirculation in gastroenterological patients under the influence of nicotinic acid. Biomicroscopy was performed in the vessels of the conjunctiva of the eye and the mucous membrane of the oral cavity using a Zeiss operating microscope with a 32-fold magnification according to the method of Harding and Knizel. For photographic recording, a Zenit reflex camera with illumination from a Fil-41 flash flash was used [2].

We carried out X-ray studies in dynamics in 200 patients (96 men and 104 women) who underwent electrosurgical gastrectomy (method M. 3. Sigala, 1958) for cancer (196), polyposis (1) and stomach ulcers (3).

For 1968-1972. In surgical hospitals of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, 873 patients were operated on for perforated gastric and duodenal ulcers, 48 of them died. Despite the fact that all district hospitals were staffed with surgeons, and much attention was paid to the issues of differential diagnosis of "acute abdomen", postoperative mortality in perforated gastroduodenal ulcers remain relatively high (5.5%).

In clinical practice, in patients with chronic cholecystitis, various symptoms of involvement of the small intestine in the pathological process are often observed. At present, the attention of clinicians studying the pathology of the small intestine is directed to the state of parietal digestion.

Some provisions of treatment tactics for acute cholecystitis are still controversial. Therefore, we analyzed the medical history of 1327 patients discharged after conservative treatment from three large surgical hospitals of Comrade Kuibyshev for the period from 1957 to 1966.

We have studied in a comparative aspect the results of various methods of drainage of the abdominal cavity used in the clinic in patients with acute purulent peritonitis. In total for 1970-1972. 5717 patients with acute surgical diseases and injuries of the abdominal organs were operated on urgently. In 5435 operations, the abdominal cavity was sutured tightly. Drainages were introduced to 282 patients. Since in patients with common forms of peritonitis (classification of V.S. Mayat), drainage was carried out at least after 2 incisions, the total number of introduced drains exceeds the number of patients and is 431.

The blood coagulation system can be characterized as multiparametric. Currently, there are a number of methods for studying certain phases and stages of the coagulation process. The most widespread are devices based on measuring the mechanical characteristics of a fibrin clot (thromboelastographs). We have made an attempt to quantify the value of thromboelastography in determining the state of the blood coagulation system, to compare the readings of this device with the results of biochemical studies (coagulogram) in health and disease.

Providing adequate ventilation during anesthesia in young children is associated with well-known difficulties associated with the high resistance of the child's tracheobronchial tree, high linear velocities of the air flow and additional resistance created by exhalation by a narrow endotracheal tube. In addition, anesthesia and breathing apparatus are intended for adults and are not intended for use in children.

The Department of ENT Diseases of the Bashkir Medical Institute has been analyzing otogenic intracranial complications since 1937. According to V.A. brain abscesses and 17 with cerebellar abscesses. We analyzed mortality from intracranial complications in 1955-1970. During this period, we observed 353 such patients.

In recent years, intrauterine devices (IUDs), made mainly of polyethylene, have become widespread for the prevention of unwanted pregnancies. Various types of IUDs have been proposed to eliminate prolapse.

In the clinical picture of severe forms of meningococcal infection, which often occur with symptoms of acute adrenal insufficiency, attention is drawn to hemorrhagic manifestations of the skin and mucous membranes, in some cases, extensive hemorrhages with necrosis. The pathogenesis of such forms of the disease has not been clarified, the use of complex methods of therapy does not always give good results, and the mortality rate in Waterhouse-Friederichsen syndrome (acute adrenal insufficiency) remains high.

We studied immunological reactivity in patients with gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer using the Boyden passive hemagglutination reaction (RPHA) with tannized erythrocytes with antigens from the stomach and duodenal tissue prepared by the method of A. D. Ado and A. A. Polner.

Since 1968, we have been using our method of sealing the gastric funnel for off-resection. Its feasibility was confirmed by clinical observations and experimental (on 6 dogs) data.

Surgical treatment of patients with cicatricial esophageal strictures remains a difficult task and requires an individual approach in choosing the method of surgery and performing its individual details. Here are two of our observations.

Gastroenterostomy operations are currently performed for very limited indications. Nevertheless, patients who have undergone this operation and often suffer from various complications after it can fall into the field of vision of a therapist or surgeon.

The excretory function of the liver was studied in 262 patients and 20 healthy individuals by retention of bromsulfalein (BSF) at 30 and 45 minutes. The data obtained made it possible to calculate the criterion of the general functional state of the liver (T), the rate of dye elimination by the sinusoidal pole of hepatocytes (1) and the excretory function of the biliary pole of hepatic cells (h) using the Tychy nomogram (1970).

According to the materials of the medical institutions of the Baltasinsky region and the data of the statistical office, in the region from 1966 to 1971, 126 cases of acute vascular cerebral pathology were registered on the basis of hypertension, atherosclerosis and their combination. There were 52 men and 74 women.

The aim of our work was to study the hormonal saturation of the inflammatory altered ovaries by histochemical methods by examining the content of lipids and ascorbic acid in them. To identify lipids in ovarian tissue, we used the Herxmeyer method, ascorbic acid was determined by Fat and Leblond. In order to study the morphological structure of the ovaries, preparations stained with hematoxylin-eosin and van Gieson's were prepared. As a control (group 1), the ovaries of 9 healthy women who died from injuries were examined. The glands were processed no later than 6 hours after death.

In the Oktyabrsky district of the Tatar ASSR, in addition to the central regional hospital (CRH) with a children's department and consultation, a dairy kitchen, there are 4 district hospitals, 52 FAPs and FPs, 5 health centers. In the region there are 67 general education schools and one boarding school for mentally retarded children, 19 kindergartens. The child population is 23,309 people, including 972 under one year old. 4 pediatricians are engaged in medical care of children. The indicator of provision with pediatricians in the district is 1.7, which is less than in the whole country (3.4). Staffing with paramedics is complete.

In accordance with the decree of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR "On measures to further improve health care and the development of medical science in the country" in order to improve the culture of medical services to the population in the republic in 1973, a public review of the work of health care institutions was held.