Vol 55, No 4 (1974)

The variety of clinical methods for determining hypersensitivity requires an assessment of the most common of them for practical recommendations in the treatment of bronchial asthma.

At present, a severe course of bronchial asthma is increasingly common, often complicated by hypertension or hypoxemic coma with a fatal outcome. Therapy with steroid hormones is not always effective and very often fraught with serious complications. In the last 10 years, immunosuppressants have been successfully used to treat collagenoses and some other diseases with the phenomenon of autosensitization.

Under our supervision, there were 200 children with manifestations of combined forms of allergy (77 girls and 123 boys at the age: up to a year — 104, 2-3 years - 47, 4-6 years - 30, 7-11 years-16, 12-14 years - 3). When studying anamnestic data in 38.7% of children, a hereditary burden was established in the form of manifestations of bronchial asthma, eczema, angio-neurotic edema and urticarial rashes, various allergic reactions to the use of medicines and certain types of food.

The aim of the work was to study the state of general immunological reactivity (GIR) in children with burns, the relationship between the FIR level and the course and outcomes of burn disease, as well as allergy to hemolytic staphylococcus in children with burns and pyoinflammatory diseases.

Staphylococci and streptococci are widespread on the skin and mucous membranes of humans. Therefore, the study of the effect of pyococci on the human body is of great importance in dermatology.

Recently, the attention of many researchers has been attracted by the postinfarction syndrome, first noted by Dressler in 1955. In the domestic literature, this syndrome is described by A.M.Damir, S. X. Sidorovich (I960), A.P. Matusova (1961), and others.

A high percentage of patients with coronary heart disease arouses interest in elucidating the pathogenesis of this condition. The aim of the work was to analyze the indicators of microcirculation and the hemocoagulation system as some links in the pathogenesis of the dynamics of atherosclerosis and hypertension.

Heart aneurysm is one of the most severe complications of transmural myocardial infarction. It is found in 20-50% of patients with myocardial infarction [1-4]. The prognosis and working capacity of patients with this pathology have not yet been sufficiently developed. Until recently, it was believed that the prognosis of patients with myocardial infarction complicated by aneurysm was absolutely hopeless.

We have studied electrokimograms (ECI) in comparison with ECG in 74 patients aged 36 to 74 years (men - 56, women - 18), who had a large-focal myocardial infarction (51 — anterior, 23 — posterior). In 37 patients, ECG data indicated extensive anterior transmural infarction with a QS-type ventricular complex in the chest leads and an elevated RS-T segment in some cases. Have 23 people. there was a posterior myocardial infarction without signs of transmural lesion on the ECG.

Based on the study of 104 case histories and autopsy protocols for those who died from chronic pneumonia with decompensated cor pulmonale, we set ourselves the task of analyzing the pathogenetic basis of the formation of cor pulmonale, comparing the main variants of the clinical course of chronic pneumonia with the timing of the onset of cor pulmonale and its decompensation in accordance with the classification of chronic pneumonia ( Tbilisi, 1972).

We have conducted studies of gastric pH (using endoradiosonde) and electrogastrogram (EGG) in 40 patients with gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer before and after treatment with anticholinergics, vicalin, B vitamins with dietary and physiotherapy and in 8 apparently healthy individuals (control group ).

In recent years, elderly and senile patients who need emergency surgical care have been increasingly admitted to hospitals. The old organism is characterized by a tendency to slowly growing pathological processes.

The functional morphology of the thyroid gland in terms of age has not been adequately studied. Our task was to study the content of total and protein-bound iodine in the thyroid gland of people over 30 years old and the correlation of the data obtained with the structural features of this organ.

It has been established that in Itsenko-Cushing's disease, the main clinical manifestations of the disease arise as a result of excessive production of adrenal cortex hormones, mainly glucocorticoids.

In order to study the glucocorticoid function of the adrenal cortex in pregnant women, women in labor, their newborns and with replacement blood transfusion, we determined the total 11-hydroxycorticosteroids (11-OCS) in blood plasma according to Yu.A. Pankov and I. Ya. Usvatova (1965) on fluorimeter "Bian".

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), discovered back in 1867 by the Kazan chemist A.M. Zaitsev, in recent years has attracted the attention of many domestic and foreign medical scientists as a possible conductor of other medicines through biological barriers.

The aim of this work was to study the reactive syndrome (a symptom complex that develops in the eye during painful irritation of the first branch of the trigeminal nerve and manifests itself in an increase in intraocular pressure, constriction of the pupil, dilation of the vessels of the anterior part of the eye, an increase in their permeability, a change in the chemical composition of moisture in the anterior chamber, a short-term increase in the velocity formation of aqueous humor) in the clinic and experiment with the use of photocoagulation. Changes in the pupil were investigated with a pupilometer and fluctuations in intraocular pressure with a Maklakov tonometer.

We believe that two factors play a leading role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: 1) lipoid infiltration, 2) deposition of fibrin and plates on the walls of blood vessels. The great importance of lipid metabolism disorders, hypercholesterolemia in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis does not raise any doubts. However, the simplified interpretation of the lipid-infiltration theory and the idea that only one cholesterolemia has an exclusive role in the development of atherosclerosis conflicts with many clinical and experimental data.

Iron deficiency is one of the most common causes of anemia in children, especially at an early age. This is due to the following factors: first of all, children are born with insufficient reserves of this metal in the depot organs.

Taking into account the important role of blood cells in the development of delayed-type hypersensitivity, we used the phenomenon of adhesion (agglomeration) of leukocytes in citrated blood according to Fleck in the modification of I.E.Sosonkin to assess the allergy caused by nickel compounds in guinea pigs.

The plasmacytic reaction of the lymphatic organs develops in response to any damage. It serves as an indicator of the hormonal background of immunological changes and is involved in the processes of regeneration.

This work is based on a pathomorphological examination of 135 newborns with hemolytic disease (HDN), supplemented by clinical, serological, and some biochemical studies.

Examined 70 patients who for several years suffered from inflammation of the uterine appendages. All women showed pronounced anatomical changes in the form of significant inflammatory formations or cicatricial changes. In addition to inflammation of the uterine appendages, 21 patients were diagnosed with perimetritis, periadnexitis, as well as lesions of the lower reproductive system (colpitis, endocervicitis, cervical erosion). 17 women suffered from infertility, 14 had ovarian dysfunction.

For the diagnosis of the acute period of myocardial infarction, we used remote vectorcardiography (DVKG), proposed by H.M. Kagiev and I.K.Kireev (1971). The clinic examined 52 patients aged 28 to 78 years in the first 5 days of the disease.

Studies by E.A. Ozol (1956), carried out with the help of special leads, showed that the high-voltage form of atrial fibrillation with ff not lower than 0.2 mv is mainly inherent in rheumatic heart disease with mitral stenosis. A low-voltage form of blinking and the absence of noticeable waves on the ECG are noted, as a rule, in cardiosclerosis, mainly of atherosclerotic origin.

We studied the effect of a single intravenous injection of strophanthin on the contractile function of the myocardium at rest and under conditions of veloergometric load, as well as the diagnostic value of an acute "strophanthin test" in identifying the latent stage of heart failure in patients with ischemic heart disease.

Studies of many scientists have established that kumis has a tonic effect on the nervous system, enhances redox processes, regulates acid-base balance, stimulates the activity of the cardiovascular system and the respiratory center, has a beneficial effect on the secretory, motor functions of the gastrointestinal tract, reduces the processes of decay and fermentation in the intestines and intoxication, stimulates hematopoiesis, increases the protective function of the liver.

During the catheterization of the great veins, which we performed in 107 cases in 98 patients aged from 3 months to 73 years, we have recently used polyethylene or PVC catheters attached to a needle for lumbar puncture to simplify the technique, simulating them over the flame of an alcohol lamp in this way so that the end of the catheter fits snugly around the needle.

Phospholine iodide (ecothiophatic iodide) was first synthesized in the USA in 1957 by L. E. Tammelino M. In 1973, a similar drug was obtained at the I.Ph. AE Arbuzov of the USSR Academy of Sciences under the leadership of Acad. B. A. Arbuzova and Cand. chem. sciences ON Nuretdinova.

Aortic bifurcation embolism accounts for 16% of all embolisms. Its source is parietal thrombi of the left half of the heart (more often the left atrium and its ear) and, less often, atheromatosis. The so-called cross, or paradoxical, embolism has not been described in the literature.

We observed 70 women (age - 20-36 years) suffering from inflammation of the uterine appendages of the septic etiology. The disease in all had a chronic character with pronounced anatomical changes in the area of the tubes and ovaries. In 46 patients, the lesions of the appendages were bilateral. 60 patients were examined and treated in a hospital setting, 10 - in a polyclinic. The duration of the inflammatory process varied from 8 months to 14 years.

To date, in the Russian Federation, as well as in other union republics, a clear system of advanced training for doctors and pharmacists has developed. In each oblast, krai there is an annual or long-term plan for advanced training of doctors and pharmacists at training bases (at institutes, faculties and at local bases).

Due to the increase in the incidence of dental caries in many countries of the world, including the USSR [1, 3], in recent years, the microelement fluorine has attracted close attention of hygienists.

Of the 14 lectures, 10 are devoted to myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries of the heart, 2 - atrioventricular blockade with Morgagni - Eden - Stokes syndrome and 2 - hypertension.