Vol 55, No 6 (1974)

From January 1971 to April 1974, 1,682 patients with generalized forms of meningococcal infection were hospitalized at the 1st Infectious Diseases Hospital. This surge in the incidence of meningococcal disease was clinically very different from the sporadic cases we have seen in the past 30 years.

To clarify the dependence of the clinical course of meningococcal infection on the severity of the fibrinolytic activity of the blood, we conducted a dynamic study (according to the Bidwell method) in 58 patients. 2 patients were under the age of 3 years, 11 were from 3 to 7 years old, 5 were from 7 to 10 years old, 13 were from 10 to 14 years old, and 27 were over 14 years old.

We have studied the dynamics of blood and urine oxygen vacancy rates in patients with a generalized form of meningococcal infection: on the 1-3rd, 7-9th days of illness and before discharge from the hospital. Examined 102 patients (67 adults and 35 children). The research results are presented in the table.

In 71 out of 1532 patients with meningococcal infection who were admitted to the 1st Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital of Kazan during the epidemic outbreak of 1971 - 1972, the disease proceeded in the form of meningoencephalitis. 10 patients died (14.1%): 7 children aged 1.5 months. up to 14 years old and 3 adults - 15, 19 and 46 years old (males and females equally).

The purpose of this work was to identify the clinical features of the course and treatment of modern dysentery in adults.

The epidemiology of typhoid fever in TASSR is currently characterized by the predominance of sporadic cases of the disease. Over the past 9 years in the TASSR, sporadic morbidity in some years accounts for 75 to 85%. Knowledge of phage typing deepens information about the epidemiology of typhoid fever and allows you to confirm or exclude the source of infection, trace epidemiological connections, distinguish local cases from imported and sporadic cases of diseases from epidermal ones, and also clarify the factors of transmission of typhoid infection.

We studied the acid-base state (ACS) and the electrolyte composition of blood in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in the dynamics of the disease. The content of sodium and potassium in plasma and erythrocytes was determined by flame photometry, the acid-base state was determined using the AZIV-1 apparatus.

After the introduction into practice of continuous recording of the electrocardiogram and monitoring of the heart in the acute period of myocardial infarction, it was found that rhythm disturbances occur in most patients.

We studied the amino acid composition of urine in children with various heart defects during surgical treatment. The amino acids were studied by the chromatographic method modified by TS Paskhina; the results were processed statistically by "moments" [1].

The objectives of this work were to identify in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and rheumatism (R) metabolic and functional characteristics of cells producing autoantibodies (APC) and rheumatoid factor (RF cells), and the possibility of using the obtained patterns for the recognition and differential diagnosis of the diseases under study, as well as in a comprehensive study of humoral and cellular factors of autoimmune reactions of an immediate type in RA and R.

Many authors with experience in the treatment of patients with barotherapy indicate an improvement in collateral circulation in the extremities in thrombopliterating diseases.

Despite a significant number of works devoted to the study of the functional state of the adrenal cortex in leukemia and, in particular, in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, this issue is still controversial.

Facial chloasma is a common and cosmetically painful pigmentation disorder. We are not aware of publications on the role of the thyroid gland in the pathogenesis of this dermatosis; meanwhile, individual clinical observations suggest the participation of thyroid hormones in the mechanism of the onset of chloasmal skin pathology.

As our observations show, after resection of the bladder, relapses occur in 62.5% of patients in the first 1-2 years (E. N. Sitdykov, 1969). Cystectomy gives more encouraging results. In recent years, the combination of an operative method of treatment with chemotherapy has gained increasing recognition.

Infertility in the family is caused by a number of pathological changes in either one or both spouses. However, in the past, women were considered the main culprit in such marriages. In recent years, many works have appeared in which the authors indicate that a sterile marriage can be equally dependent on the man. In 50% of men in such marriages, morphological inferiority of sperm is observed (K.B. Akunts, 1970).

The lack of an effective method for preventing premature and early opening of the fetal bladder served as the basis for the development of a new instrumental method for the prevention of this pathology.

According to the generally accepted opinion, rickets is found in children from 2-3 months of age. However, even at the beginning of this century, P.V. Kuskov (1912), and then A. B. Marfan (1927) indicated that it can be observed from the day of the birth of a child. SO Dulitsky (1948), 3. G. Koroleva (1958) believe that the signs of rickets are detected from the first weeks of the neonatal period. During intrauterine development through the maternal organism, the fetus experiences unfavorable influences from the external environment, which can lead to a violation of the ratio of mineral substances in its organs and systems.

The introduction into practice in the USSR since 1970 of a new classification of diseases, which is an abbreviated version of the 8th revision of the international classification, along with the unification of some provisions, gave rise to a number of controversial issues. Especially many questions have arisen regarding coronary heart disease (CHD).

Among the promising and progressive methods of labor pain relief, which are successfully used at present, include: electroanalgesia; anesthesia with the help of narcotic substances similar in structure to the body's natural metabolites (sodium oxybutyrate, viadril); autoanalgesia with subnarcotic concentrations of inhalation anesthetics with a wide range of analgesic effects (nitrous oxide, pentran, trilene); pain relief with drugs used for neuroleptanalgesia; epidural analgesia.

The adoption in 1974 of the new GOST 2874-73 "Drinking water" marks the further development of preventive health care in the prevention of waterborne infectious and non-infectious diseases. The standards are guided without fail in the design and implementation of sanitary and sanitary measures in the field of water supply.

In terms of studying the epidemiology of leptospirosis in a large city, workers of a special auto service for cleaning the city (101 people) and workers of the Vodokanal trust (65) were examined. Transport work is provided by chauffeurs, loaders, sewers. In addition, the farm has repair shops, which employ locksmiths, welders, carburetors, etc. In the Vodokanal trust, plumbing and sewerage networks, as well as pumping stations, are serviced by locksmiths, mechanics and linemen.

Clinical observations, sigmoidoscopy and scatological examination were carried out in 93 children admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of healthy carriage, and the obtained materials were compared with the results of examining patients with typical dysentery with varying severity and duration of the course, hospitalized in the same period of time.

We have studied the dynamics of serotonin, histamine and adrenaline-like substances (APV) levels in the blood during immunization with modern preventive drugs: BCG, DPT and smallpox vaccine under the conditions of a separate and complex vaccination method (DPT + BCG and DPT + smallpox vaccine). We carried out experiments on 87 rabbits. Animals were immunized subcutaneously, subcutaneously and intradermally, depending on the antigen used. Immunization was carried out in doses and regimens prescribed for children.

We determined hemodynamic parameters - stroke volume of the heart (SV), cardiac output (MV), mean pressure (MV) according to Starr's formula, left ventricular work (LVP), mean dynamic pressure (SDP), peripheral vascular resistance (PSS) in 111 patients with bronchial asthma (in 45 of them it was uncomplicated and in 66 it was combined with pulmonary heart failure) and in 100 patients with cardiac asthma (developed on the basis of rheumatic heart diseases - in 40, hypertension - in 32, atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis - in 28).

Taking into account the difference in literature data on the nature of blood coagulation in patients with rheumatism, we studied the indicators of the third phase of blood coagulation (fibrinase, fibrinogen, cryofibrinogen - fibrinogen B and the degree of thrombotest) in 110 donors (men - 62, women - 48, age - from 19 to 48 years) and in 103 patients with rheumatism with I and II degree of activity of the process (men - 38, women - 65, age: up to 20 years - 18 people, from 21 to 30 years - 22, from 31 to 40 years - 42, from 41 to 50 years old — 14, from 51 to 60 years old — 6 and older — 1). I degree circulatory disorders were found in 10 patients, grade II — in 47, grade III — in 10.

In November 1972, the medical unit of Almetyevneft organized a general resuscitation and anesthesiology department for 6 beds (the total number of somatic beds is 380), which was intended to treat patients with terminal conditions caused by a variety of reasons: severe shock, blood loss, injury brain, chest trauma, poisoning, acute respiratory and heart failure of various etiologies. In addition, patients were admitted to the department after severe and traumatic operations on the organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavity, performed under general anesthesia.

The information obtained on the basis of data on the number of people applying to medical institutions for 1 year is completely insufficient for judging about chronic morbidity. In this regard, domestic researchers of the incidence of morbidity use the data of a longer period - long-term observation of the appealability - when studying it. It is believed that the three-year appealability fully satisfies the requirements for the completeness of accounting for morbidity.

Taking into account the great national economic importance of the Lower Kama, since 1956 we have been systematically monitoring the sanitary state of this large reservoir. Analysis of long-term data makes it possible to characterize the reservoir as practically clean, but with reduced organoleptic characteristics in the winter season.

Although medical journals publish articles on the culture of the language of health workers, there are still many errors in it.

The book under review contains 15 chapters. In the introduction, the authors emphasize that each doctor should have a certain set of the most important methodological and socio-psychological principles governing his activities, attitude towards his work, towards a sick and healthy person, towards science, culture, towards nature and society, his understanding of his duty , responsibility for the future, his thoughts about life and death. According to the authors, “some doctors sometimes forget that each patient is a person, not a faceless creature” (p. 8). For the clinician, such forgetfulness is far from harmless, for “to cure is to control, to a certain extent, the patient’s personality” (p. 9).