Vol 61, No 1 (1980)

The 25th Congress of the CPSU outlined grandiose plans for the economic and socio-cultural development of our country and for further raising the material well-being of the Soviet people. Their implementation will, in turn, help to strengthen the health, prolong the life and work of Soviet people.

The data of X-ray examination of 300 patients with the consequences of severe injuries of the ankle joint examined in the traumatological VTEK of the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic were analyzed. According to the indications, enlarged radiographs, tomograms, images in oblique projections and electro-roentgenograms were used.

The state of the blood coagulation system was investigated in 40 patients in the acute period of traumatic brain injury. All these patients were found to have changes in the hemocoagulation system, the severity of which was in direct proportion to the severity of the injury. The victims with extensive foci of destruction of the medulla developed thrombohemorrhagic syndrome.

The biomechanics of the two upper cervical vertebrae in normal conditions and under conditions of exposure to vertically and horizontally directed traumatic forces was studied by the modeling method. It was found that the position of the Atlantean relative to the axis has a decisive influence on the biomechanics of the forces in this area. The nature of damage to the atlanto-axial joint is biomechanically substantiated, and the criteria for a forensic medical examination are given.

The results of physiotherapeutic treatment of patients with shoulder-scapular periarthritis were analyzed. In the acute stage of the disease, the best effect is provided by the use of diadynamic currents in combination with novocaine electrophoresis or mud applications, and in the case of protracted forms of the disease with severe pain syndrome and a sharp limitation of the range of motion, ultrasound therapy is most appropriate.

A study of the excretion of aldosterone with urine and the content of potassium, sodium in plasma, erythrocytes and daily urine in 56 patients with diabetes mellitus of varying severity and varying degrees of decompensation was carried out. An increase in the excretion of aldosterone in patients with uncompensated diabetes, changes in the metabolism of sodium and potassium were found. The value of aldosteronuria is influenced not by the severity of diabetes, but by the degree of decompensation of the disease. The conclusion is made about the secondary nature of the revealed hyperaldosteronism.

Observations of 92 patients with acute pelveoperitonitis subjected to laparotomy and laparoscopy are summarized. If it is impossible to exclude acute appendicitis, pyosalping rupture, ectopic pregnancy, as well as in case of failure of conservative detoxification, antibacterial, desensitizing, resorption, restorative therapy of acute pelveoperitonitis, used for 12-20 hours, laparoscopy is recommended.

In 140 obese pregnant women, changes in protein, lipid, enzymatic metabolism, the state of the hepatic circulation were revealed, indicating latent functional organ failure. The use of complex preparation for childbirth in 60 obese pregnant women with the use of funds aimed at correcting liver function improved obstetric indicators during childbirth.

Stretching the trabecula (trabeculospasis) increases the permeability of the inner wall of the Schlemm's canal for the outflow of intraocular fluid. Four variants of trabecula stretching technique using surgical and laser methods are described. Features and results of operations are discussed.

The results of clinical studies have shown that the prolonged form of armin, used as a medication for open-angle glaucoma, has a more pronounced hypotensive effect than an aqueous solution of armin. Prolonged armin solution with prolonged use does not cause any side reactions and is well tolerated by patients.

The doctrine of peptic ulcer disease continues to develop intensively. Undoubtedly for. the last two decades, we have achieved a lot in understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of this disease; there are significant advances in the treatment of its various forms. At the same time, there continues to be a wide range of issues requiring in-depth study.

The results of clinical observations of 206 patients with closed abdominal injuries are summarized. The mortality rate was 21.4%. The severity of the condition of victims with a closed abdominal trauma and the outcomes are determined by the nature of the injuries, the presence or absence of shock and blood loss, the time elapsed since the injury, the volume and effectiveness of preoperative preparation and anti-shock therapy, and the age of the victims.

The Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute does a great job of organizing and providing care to trauma patients on an outpatient basis. It is divided into three main sections.

A comprehensive X-ray examination was carried out in 253 patients (180 men and 73 women), mainly at the age of 20 to 40 years (86.8%), who had suffered traumatic spinal injury of varying severity and complained of pain in the area of the injured bone.

T., 37 years old, on 22/2 1978 at 13:43 was injured while sawing a board on a circular saw. A piece of the board, captured by the saw teeth, pierced with great force into the right groin and, having pierced the sweatshirt, trousers and soft tissues, came out in the area of ​​the left buttock. At 14 o'clock T. was taken to the surgical department. On admission, the general condition was not serious. Complaints of a bolo in the right groin, urge to urinate and heaviness in the rectum. Pulse 76 beats per minute of satisfactory filling. Heart sounds are clear, blood pressure 130/70 mm Hg. Art. Breathing is vesicular. The abdomen is soft and painless.

Cystic remodeling of bone tissue is often accompanied by degenerative dystrophic lesions of the joints. Cystoid formations on radiographs are found in the form of rounded Chili oval enlightenments, having a diameter of several millimeters, less often 1-3 cm. Of interest is a giant pseudocyst, found by us in a patient with coxarthrosis.

The experience of the operation of the surgical office of the children's polyclinic in servicing orthopedic and traumatological patients is summarized. In order to reduce child injuries, all cases of injuries are recorded and analyzed, and close contact with the traffic police is established. For early detection of orthopedic pathology, preventive examinations of newborns are organized. The use of functional methods of therapy contributes to obtaining good anatomical and functional results.

The state of posture defects and scoliosis in schoolchildren in Yoshkar-Ola has been analyzed. Progressive physical inactivity of schoolchildren, insufficient use of natural factors for hardening the body, and the lack of physical therapy for a large number of schoolchildren exempted from physical education in the main groups were noted. A number of organizational and preventive measures are proposed.

We have developed a method of skin grafting, which allows covering large skin defects with full-thickness dermal thin transverse plates. The operation begins with determining the area of ​​the wound surface and calculating the size of the desired skin graft. If we take a skin graft with dimensions of 200X10 mm, then with its usual longitudinal placement, it is possible to cover the wound surface, the maximum area of ​​which is equal to the area of ​​the graft, i.e. 2000 mm2. 

The peer-reviewed methodological manual is intended for independent study by students of medical institutes of the course "General physiotherapy". The manual is divided into three parts. The first part is devoted to "General physiotherapy and balneology", which contains the lecture notes provided by the curriculum.

On October 27, 1979, at the age of 64, the head of the Department of Infectious Diseases of the Kazan Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the Medical Institute named after V.I. S. V. Kurashova, member of the CPSU since 1951, Honored Doctor of the TASSR, Professor Alexander Efimovich Reznik. A talented teacher and scientist, a sensitive and principled person left us.