Vol 50, No 6 (1969)

In 1875, in Samara province, whose territory significantly exceeded the present Kuibyshev region, there were only 11 hospitals, 14 pharmacies, 54 doctors, 136 paramedics and medical students, 34 midwives and 129 vaccinators worked. The incidence of trachoma in some villages reached 70-72%. Infectious morbidity was very high, outbreaks of cholera, smallpox, plague, diphtheria, etc. were frequent.

More than 20 years ago, one of us (N. V. Lazarev) came to the idea of the urgent need to find drugs whose main pharmacological property would be the ability to accelerate regeneration processes, especially reparative. The history of these searches and the thoughts underlying them have already been repeatedly covered in monographs and collections (N. V. Lazarev, 1950; books edited by N. V. Lazarev, 1951, 1960, etc.). This article presents in a very concise form, on the one hand, the results of studying the effects on the body of pyrimidine derivatives, which include the most effective stimulators of regenerative processes identified so far, and on the other, various therapeutic tasks, the resolution of which has become more feasible thanks to the use of pyrimidines.

Among the numerous cardiac arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation occupies a special place. Its significant prevalence, the possibility of serious hemodynamic disorders, the frequency of thromboembolic complications require the search for more effective therapeutic agents. Drug treatment of chronic atrial fibrillation with potassium chloride, novocainamide, cocarboxylase, digitalis and even quinidine is not always effective. In 1959 A. A. Vishnevsky, B. M. Zuckerman and S. I. Smelovsky applied a fundamentally new method of treating atrial fibrillation, based on the use of a powerful capacitor discharge. Rapidly accumulated clinical experience [1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12 et al.] testifies to the high efficiency of the new method of treatment of atrial fibrillation. The sinus rhythm was restored in 80-90%. Most of the work on the use of electropulse therapy has been carried out in surgical clinics, and therefore its effectiveness in patients with atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis, myocardial infarction, thyrotoxicosis, etc. remains insufficiently studied.

In 1954, Constantmides and Cairns reported a relationship between the severity of atherosclerosis in coronary vessels and the number of mast cells in the myocardium. In the future, this issue has been repeatedly discussed, but the conclusions of various researchers are largely contradictory. Some authors [11, 14, 17] share this opinion, others [12, 13] do not find a connection between the number of mast cells and the severity of atherosclerosis. In later works carried out by domestic researchers (L. P. Ermilov, 1962; N. D. Kanshina, 1965), along with the number of mast cells in the connective tissue of the myocardium, their functional activity was studied for a number of morphological features. We have not found any works devoted to the histochemical study of mast cells in the myocardium in atherosclerosis.

Topical issues of modern surgery of aortic heart defects are preoperative diagnosis of valve calcification in acquired aortic stenosis and determination of the type of congenital aortic stenosis (subvalvular, valvular, supravalvular). The choice of one or another method of surgery depends on this (closed trans-ventricular method of commissurotomy or open with the use of APC and coronary perfusion).

A number of researchers have noted a decrease in inflammatory reactions in patients with malignant diseases, while changes affect all phases of inflammation [11, 13, 16, 17). We have not found any works devoted to the study of inflammatory reactions in patients suffering from cancer of the gastrointestinal tract in the available literature.

After gastric resection, total gastrectomy, and sometimes other operations, severe complications can occasionally occur — necrosis of large parts of the liver. They arise as a result of erroneous ligation of the additional arteries of the liver during the mobilization of the stomach.

We have developed a technique of in vivo pigment vasography of hollow organs in an experiment on dogs (3. M. Segal, 1968). This technique created the prerequisites for direct observation of the filling of the branches of the intramural vascular bed. Not only large-caliber vessels are available for viewing, but also the smallest branches. The dye intake and its distribution through the arteries and veins of the submucosal plexus are differentiated (see Fig.).

Pancreatic cysts are among the rather rare surgical diseases. The Russian literature contains a description of only about 300 cases of this form of pathology [7]. Even large clinics usually have the experience of single or few observations. In such a major medical institution as the 1st City Hospital of Moscow, for 30 years (1926-1956), only 25 patients with pancreatic cysts were treated [2]. The rarity of this disease in the practice of daily surgical work and the ambiguity of many issues of therapeutic tactics justify new attempts to generalize the experience of treating patients with pancreatic cysts.

We analyzed the long-term outcomes of surgical treatment of 52 patients with tuberculous coxitis treated in the departments of traumatology and orthopedics of the city and republican hospitals of Saransk in 1956-1967. There were 16 men and 36 women. There were 30 patients under the age of 40 and 22 older, 2 patients with a disease duration from 1 to 3 years, 2 from 3 to 5 years, 19 from 5 to 10 years and 29 more than 10 years. 2 patients had long—term non-healing fistulas and 1 had a leaky abscess.

Our work is devoted to the analysis of the results of osteoblastoclast X-ray therapy and the study of the effect of radiation on bone growth in children. From 1955 to 1967, we observed 21 patients (3 girls and 18 boys aged 4 to 16 years).

This report is based on our experience in the treatment of 51 burned. The burns were caused by an explosion of an oil storage tank. Most of them were affected by the face, auricles, scalp, upper and lower extremities, buttocks, back, almost all had conjunctiva of the eyes. 1 patient, along with a burn, had a closed fracture of the forearm bones. One had a state of clinical death, from which he was removed by resuscitation measures.

A number of works devoted to the study of the exchange of Si, Fe and Mn during the physiological course of pregnancy have been published in the literature. The average values of the content of these trace elements in venous blood, in placental tissue, in umbilical cord blood and in fetal organs have been established [1, 2, 7, 8]. The redistribution of trace elements from the mother's tissue depots to the fetal hematopoietic organs was revealed [3, 6].

In the Soviet Union, millions of women receive prenatal maternity leave from the 32nd week of pregnancy. Despite the fact that much attention has been paid to the diagnosis of 32-week pregnancy, the percentage of errors in the issuance of maternity leave is still very high (from 14 to 20%), which can be explained by a number of points. First of all, there is no exact data on the duration of pregnancy and the time of conception. Often pregnant women do not know the exact date of the last menstruation, the first movement of the fetus, sometimes they intentionally tell the doctor incorrect data. The late first appearance at the women's consultation, the irregularity of attending the consultation also contribute to an increase in the number of errors. However, the main reason should be considered the imperfection of the diagnosis of a 32-week pregnancy, and mistakes are equally often made by doctors of various qualifications both in the city and in rural areas.

As you know, kraurosis and leukoplakia of the vulva is accompanied by itching. Intense itching often lasts for years, deprives patients of their ability to work, leads to severe neurosis.

Sh., 37 years old, 5/IX 1957, was taken to the urological department by the ambulance service for acute pain in the left half of the abdomen and above the pubis with spread to the left lumbar region, painful urination, high fever, headache and general weakness. Severe abdominal pain was noted for 3 days and passed after the amniotic novocaine blockade. Leukocytosis (14,600) with neutrophilosis was detected. In the urine, protein (0.033%), fresh and leached erythrocytes 9-20 in the field of vision. The high temperature (38-39 °) lasted for 10 days, then gradually decreased to subfebrile figures (37.4—37.6 °). Surgical urological diseases were excluded.

1. Ya., 59 years old, was admitted on 3/1 1964 with complaints of constant aching pains in the stomach area not related to eating. She has been ill since 1961, when she began to lose weight. In the study of gastric juice, a decrease in acidity was found. In the urine, the reaction to bile pigments is positive. X-ray examination revealed a malignant mucosal relief in the body and sinus of the stomach, formed by rigid, sometimes interrupted folds. There is a flat filling defect on a large curvature. The displacement of the stomach is not limited. Conclusion: tumor of the stomach body.

407 strains of streptococcus were studied, including 157 from the pharynx of patients with scarlet fever, 94 from patients with angina and other diseases of the upper respiratory tract, 75 from rheumatism patients who received bicillin and aspirin for prophylactic purposes, and 80 strains from healthy carriers, most of whom were in contact with scarlet fever patients.

We have not found any indications about the use of ethyl alcohol in the treatment of frostbite in the literature available to us.

Congenital malformations of the internal genital organs in women are rare. According to Fedorova (1967), uterine abnormalities are 0.32%. The question of the time of their occurrence in the intrauterine life of the fetus and the factors contributing to the appearance of congenital anomalies has not been finally resolved. Data on the embryogenesis of the internal genitalia are contradictory.

We studied the effect of cardiac glycosides on the contractile function of the myocardium in 30 individuals with a practically healthy heart (age — from 17 to 46 years) who were in the clinic for chronic gastritis (5 people), cholecystitis (3), peptic ulcer (18), focal pneumonia (2), with accidental noises in the heart (2). Their absence of pathology from the cardiovascular system is confirmed by clinical, radiological and ECG data.

This report is the first publication about anthrax in the Saratov region.

The implementation of the dispensary method of medical care of the population in our country has become one of the most important tasks assigned to the health authorities by the CPSU Program and the XXIII Party Congress. However, when implementing this advanced method in rural conditions, a number of difficulties are still encountered due to the insufficient number of doctors and beds, the significant distance of many villages from medical institutions and the difficulty of visiting hospitals in the autumn-spring period. In this regard, the comprehensive work on medical examination carried out by a rural paramedic, a district doctor and a district leading specialist is of practical interest to healthcare workers. This article highlights the experience of implementing a dispensary method of treating patients with a therapeutic profile in the Kanashsky district of the Chuvash ASSR.

We offer a device that is convenient for long-term oxygen therapy.

To detect metastases of malignant neoplasms of the bladder to the lymph nodes of the pelvis, we use direct lymphography, pelvic phlebography, polycystography.

The works of H. M. Danzig (1950), V. I. Vashkov (1956) and others established the high bactericidal efficiency of short ultraviolet (CUF) rays and proved the advantages of air sanitation with these rays over other methods of disinfection. Experimental study of the effect of KUF rays on microorganisms should be carried out in special sealed chambers. The chambers described in the literature (A. A. Smorodintsev, A. E. Vershigora and others) were intended mainly for studying the kinetics of bacterial aerosol. We have set a goal to design a special camera to study the bactericidal effect of ultraviolet rays.

This book is the first successful attempt to summarize the literature data and the author's own research on the definition and diagnostic evaluation of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes. The monograph is written on the basis of the analysis of 4000 studies and accounting of the work of exclusively foreign laboratories and clinics. Among the 290 cited works in the bibliography there is no reference to any work of Soviet scientists. Meanwhile, in our country, the biochemical determination of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes is successfully used, especially in the pathology of the cardiovascular system.

From 27 to 30/V 1969 in Kazan, on the basis of the Republican Skin and Venereological Dispensary (head physician, doctor of the TASSR A.V. Maksyutova), a seminar was held for deputy chief physicians of republican, regional and regional dispensaries on the organization of the fight against infectious skin and venereal diseases. The seminar was convened by the Ministry of Health of the RSFSR. The head of specialized medical care of the Ministry of Health of the RSFSR R. V. Demidova, Head of the Department, took part in its work. scientific organizational Department of the Central Research Institute of Skin and Venereology T. A. Nikitin, Deputy Ministers of Health of the TASSR Y. G. Pavlukhin, F. X. Fatkullin, A. N. Guryanova, Chief obstetrician-gynecologist of the TASSR L. K. Akulova, chief physician of the House of Sanitary Education M. L. Lazerovich, as well as representatives of Moscow and Leningrad, 10 autonomous republics, 14 regions, Krasnodar, Stavropol territories, dermatovenerologists of cities and districts of the Tatar ASSR.