Vol 60, No 5 (1979)
Medical staff of TASSR
Abstract
By the decree of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR of September 22, 1977 "0 measures to further improve public health" outlined a broad program of measures to improve the health of the population of our country.



Theoretical and clinical medicine



About the so-called upper renal calyx syndrome
Abstract
In the fifties of this century, when urologists began to study in detail the problem of pyelorenal refluxes, the predominant affection by some pathological processes of the upper papillary-calyx segment of the kidney was noted, as well as the more frequent localization of congenital diseases in it.



Experience in the surgical treatment of urinary incontinence in children with epispadias
Abstract
The experience of surgical treatment by the method of V.M.Derzhavin of 27 children who suffered from urinary incontinence due to severe epispadias was generalized. Long-term outcomes were studied in terms of 1 to 5 years. Good and satisfactory results were obtained in 90% of those operated.



Local pyelonephritis and its role in the genesis of arterial hypertension
Abstract
The analysis of clinical observations of 16 patients with local circulatory disorders in the kidney, 14 of whom had severe arterial hypertension, was carried out. In 10 patients, various forms of renal blood circulation anomalies were found. The most useful information in the examination of these patients is provided by a comprehensive angiographic study. The signs of local pyelonephritis revealed with its help, as well as severe proliferative-sclerotic changes in this zone, confirmed by morphological data, make it possible to consider kidney resection as the operation of choice in the treatment of these patients.



Malignant tumors of the renal parenchyma
Abstract
For the early diagnosis of malignant kidney tumors, a comprehensive examination using clinical, laboratory, radiological X-ray methods is necessary. Treatment of kidney cancer is predominantly surgical; recently, there have been attempts at combination therapy.



Transurethral electroresection in differential diagnosis of prostate cancer
Abstract
A comparative assessment of puncture biopsy and transurethral electroresection in the diagnosis of prostate cancer is presented. As a result of puncture biopsy, prostate cancer was detected in 81 out of 125 patients (64.8%), through transurethral electroresection - in 118 out of 137 (86.1%). After transurethral electroresection, satisfactory passage of urine from the bladder was restored in all patients. Transurethral electroresection is a valuable method for diagnosing prostate cancer.



About relapses of nephroureterolithiasis
Abstract
It was found that relapses of nephroureterolithiasis often occur after combined operations and pyelolithotomy. Predisposing factors are chronic pyelonephritis and impaired urodynamics. With the lengthening of the observation period (more than 10 years), the frequency of disease relapses increases. Long-term medical examination is recommended.



Analysis of causes of death in urological diseases
Abstract
The causes of death in urological diseases were analyzed based on the materials of the clinic for 19 years. The highest mortality rate was in the age group over 60. With tumors of the urinary bladder, the mortality rate was 15.2%, with kidney tumors - 8.9%, prostate adenoma - 6.5%, urolithiasis - 2.6%. The main causes of death in urological diseases are uremia, pulmonary embolism and urosepsis.



Combined surgical treatment of extended urethral strictures
Abstract
In 10 patients aged 48 to 70 years with post-inflammatory strictures of the urethra with a length of 12 to 16 cm, 3-4-stage surgical treatment was used, consisting of a combination of the Michalovsky method (for the penile urethra), with Johansen's operation (for other departments). Long-term results were verified after 1-4 years. Urination was restored in all patients.



Treatment of patients with severe postoperative acute renal failure
Abstract
The experience of treating 157 patients with severe forms of acute renal failure after various surgical interventions (operations on the heart, lungs, stomach, organs of the urinary system, etc.) is generalized. Treatment of patients should be carried out in specialized centers, which makes it possible to significantly improve its results.



Pathogenetic rationale for the clinic of prostate adenoma
Abstract
In the clinic of prostate adenoma, the leading importance belongs to the violation of the patency of the vesicourethral segment, discoordination of the detrusor activity and the resistance of the sphincters and urethra. The most important additional factors are the addition of infection and repercussion from the upper urinary tract, the inflammatory process that occurs in the tissue of the adenoma.



On the pathogenetic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in children
Abstract
In the occurrence of vesicoureteral reflux in children, the main role is played by infection and anomalies of the ureteral orifices. Various clinical manifestations of this pathology force all children with dysuria, enuresis, abdominal pain, and episodic fever to be subjected to X-ray urological examination. Vesicoureteral reflux of 1-2, and sometimes even the 3rd degree responds well to conservative treatment with antibacterial drugs using local intravesical procedures. Anti-reflux operative The allowance is mainly required for 3, 4 and 5 degrees of vesicoureteral reflux.



Immunostimulation and immunotherapy in the complex treatment of bladder cancer
Abstract
In 32 out of 49 patients with bladder tumors, a decrease in immunity was revealed, more pronounced in patients with tumors at the T4 stage. In 12 patients, nonspecific immunostimulation with BCG vaccine was carried out 12-30 days before chemoradiation treatment. Due to this, in 6 of them, the level of the nonspecific immune system slightly increased and the immunosuppressive effect of chemoradiation therapy decreased. 5 patients with advanced stages of bladder cancer received nonspecific immunotherapy with BCG vaccine according to Toris. 2 of them showed subjective, and 1 - objective improvement. The results of the study give reason to consider the use of immunostimulation in the complex treatment of patients with bladder cancer advisable. Further development of indications and schemes of immunotherapy in patients with advanced stages of the disease is required.






Influence of homoblood transfusion and hemodilution on central hemodynamics in patients operated on for prostate adenoma
Abstract
Two groups of patients operated on under neuroleptic narcosis for prostate adenoma were examined. In the first group (78 patients), the surgical blood loss was compensated with an equal volume of homologous blood, in the second (66 patients), the surgical intervention was performed under conditions of acute normovolemic hemodilution. In patients of the 2nd group, a significantly more pronounced improvement in the indicators of central hemodynamics in the postoperative period and an increase in myocardial contractility with minimal energy consumption were stated.



To the diagnosis of chronic pyelonephritis in patients who have undergone an intestinal graft replacement surgery
Abstract
In the recognition of chronic pyelonephritis in patients with an intestinal urinary reservoir, urine tests for active leukocytes and leukocyturia. the bacterial number, as well as the determination of the concentration capacity of the kidneys according to the Zimnitsky test, are not of great practical importance. Diagnostics should be based primarily on the data of radioisotope studies and X-ray teleuroscopy, since the inclusion of an intestinal graft in the urinary system limits the possibility of using conventional methods.



On the prevention of urinary tract infections after pelvic surgery
Abstract
To prevent urinary tract infection and accelerate the recovery of the function of the bladder after operations on the pelvic organs for cancer, 32 patients were treated with rhythmic flow irrigation of the urinary bladder with furacillin solution using the Monroe system. None of the patients developed a urinary tract infection, and the function of the bladder was restored in a short time. In 3 patients, flow-through irrigation was undertaken for therapeutic purposes - a good result was achieved.



Questions of pathogenesis and clinical picture of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
Abstract
The clinical manifestations of HL PS were studied in 1887 patients - 1717 men and 170 women. A mild form of the disease was diagnosed in 33.6% of patients, moderate - in 46.8%, severe - in 17.3%, extremely severe with a lethal outcome - in 2.3%.



To the question of the causes of rickets in young children
Abstract
The results of examination of 112 young children with various forms of rickets are presented. D-vitamin deficiency is not the only cause of rickets in young children; signs of rickets can also develop with impaired transport of phosphates or metabolism of vitamin D



Influence of electrosleep on the dynamics of serotonin and blood gases in pregnant women with cardiovascular pathology
Abstract
The study of serotonin levels in pregnant women with functional cardiopathy can serve as one of the diagnostic criteria in the differential diagnosis of the form of pathology. hearts. The inclusion of electrosleep in the treatment complex helps to restore the regulatory influence of the central nervous system on vegetative processes. The antiserotonin effect of this method of pathogenetic therapy has been established.



Reviews






Clinical experiences





















Hygiene
Hygienic characteristics of air pollution at the workplaces of operators of commercial production of an oil refinery
Abstract
Workers in the commercial production of an oil refinery are exposed to saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide in concentrations not exceeding, as a rule, permissible, and workers in aromatic hydrocarbon storage parks are also exposed to benzene, toluene, xylene. From a hygienic point of view, it is permissible for women to work in the position of operator-machinist of commercial production of refineries (with the exception of parks with aromatic hydrocarbons).



Jubilees






Book review






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