Vol 72, No 2 (1991)

The qualitative characteristics of the flow-volume curves were studied in 50 patients with acute pneumonia with concomitant bronchitis. It has been established that the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of forced expiratory curves in the "flow-volume" ratio are complementary and should be used in the diagnosis of patients with a pulmonological profile.

The results of the application of aspiration biopsy under local anesthesia using a system of guided catheters in combination with bronchography in diagnostics are presented.
lungs and in 75.4% - peripheral. Bronchographic changes were detected in all patients with central cancer and only in 14 out of 105 patients with peripheral cancer. Among 30 patients with decaying cancer, in 56.6% of cases it was possible to contrast the decay cavity. The proposed complex research method, applicable in outpatient settings, should be mandatory in the intensive diagnosis of lung diseases.

A mathematical program has been created to improve and objectify the differential diagnosis of coronary heart disease, alcoholic myocardial dystrophy and acute alcohol poisoning. More than 100 cases of sudden death were analyzed using computer technology. The advantages of the method are its simplicity and the possibility of using it in any forensic medical examination bureau and in pathoanatomical practice.

A new method for the differential diagnosis of inflammatory and functional forms of lesions of the biliary system in children is described. This method is based on the reduction reaction of nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT-test). With cholecystitis, the values of the NBT test increase, with dysfunction, they are within the normal range.

In the clinical picture of duodenogastric reflux, established during endoscopic examination in 88 patients with chronic gastroduodenitis (age from 5 to 15 years), two different variants were identified - hyperkinetic and hypokinetic with pyloric insufficiency. Duodenogastric reflux is preferably treated with acupuncture. If this is not possible, it is advisable to combine drug treatment with courses of laser reflexology.

In order to improve the immediate long-term results of surgical treatment of postoperative ventral hernias, the abdominal cavity was prepared for increased pressure, special preparation of the skin in the area of the surgical field, local nutrition was supplied to the autodermal graft, and the optimal choice of the plasty method was carried out. The number of postoperative complications, relapses and postoperative mortality decreased.

The experience of a new direction in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy — drug therapy is described. As a result of the use of methotrexate in pregnant women, complete resorption of the fetal egg occurred.

The disorders of intestinal eubiosis in children with atopic dermatitis were studied. The relationship between the degree of violations of the intestinal biocenosis and the severity of atopic dermatitis was revealed.

The parameters of collagen metabolism in blood plasma and urine were studied in 53 patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, depending on the period and severity of the course of the disease. The data obtained indicate significant disturbances in collagen metabolism in this disease.

The clinical course of chicken pox was studied in 7 patients who were treated for a long time with immunosuppressants for a number of major serious diseases (acute leukemia, Werlhof's disease, chronic nephritis). In 5 children, chickenpox had bullous and generalized forms. In one case there was a lethal outcome. All patients with leukemia experienced an exacerbation of the underlying disease on the 15-16th day of the course of chicken pox. It is recommended that immunosuppressants received by the child for the underlying disease should not be canceled with chickenpox; moreover, do not reduce their doses.

The technique of conducting anesthesia is described and its anatomical rationale is given from one point during a septum operation performed for a hematoma of the nasal septum. This anesthesia is performed taking into account the anatomical features of the structure, blood supply, innervation of the nasal septum, and therefore it allows submucosal resection of the nasal septum painlessly, economically in time, by introducing an anesthetic subperchondrium.

A convenient and common way of introducing drugs into the patient's body is the use of tablets, powders, solutions through the mouth into the stomach. However, it is well known that this route has a number of significant disadvantages: a long latent period, local irritant effect on the mucous membrane, a negative effect on the motor function of the gastrointestinal tract, the primary passage through the liver, which significantly reduces the effectiveness of drugs. In addition, a number of drugs simply cannot be administered in this way due to their destruction in the gastrointestinal tract or the impossibility of passing unchanged through the gastrointestinal tract into the blood. It is also important that the absorption of the drug introduced into the stomach is difficult to stop without the use of any emergency measures - gastric lavage, the appointment of laxatives.

Progressive muscular dystrophies (PMD) are a group of hereditary diseases characterized by a primary dystrophic process in muscle tissue. The peculiarity and characteristics of cardiac disorders depend both on the nosological form with a characteristic muscle pathology for each of them, and on the stage, severity of the course of the disease and the mass of the affected muscles, and circulatory failure is less pronounced than damage to skeletal muscles.

The present study is devoted to the study of the state of activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH), hexokinase (HA), pyruvate kinase (PC), the total activity and isoenzyme spectrum of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in erythrocytes, the total activity of ATPase, Na+ , K+ and Mg2+ -dependent ATPase in erythrocyte membranes, the level of immunoreactive insulin in blood plasma, the content of glucose in blood plasma and erythrocytes of patients with diabetes mellitus.

We have personal experience of performing 36 operations on the adrenal glands in 31 patients, which were performed from 1971 to 1988. 5 patients (2 men and 3 women aged 21 to 36 years) with Itsenko-Cushing's disease underwent bilateral total staged adrenalectomy with autotransplantation 2-4 pieces of adrenal glands into the subcutaneous tissue.

Since in the available literature we have not found a single description of an irreducible subtalar dislocation of the foot, in which the tendon of the posterior tibial muscle was an obstacle to repositioning, we consider it appropriate to present one of our observations.

The fight against miscarriage has not lost its relevance to date. One of the causes of this pathology is isthmic-cervical insufficiency. There are many methods of its treatment, but they are complex and traumatic for the cervix.

In the literature, there are few data on purulent-septic manifestations in viral hepatitis. A number of authors point to the prognostic value of bacteremia in liver cirrhosis. It is known that as liver failure increases, prerequisites for bacterial-viral reinfection appear.

In the city, which has 160 thousand children, by 1989 there was an extremely unfavorable situation with the provision of ophthalmic care to them. In a specialized kindergarten for the treatment of strabismus and amblyopia, 6 children's oculists work (that is, 6.5 staff units are employed against the standard 16.5). Due to the shortage of personnel, large queues were created for an appointment with a doctor, who worked with great overloads (having no material interest).

400 workers of the fur farm and 246 people of the control group were examined. The level of infection with toxoplasma in Tatarstan in the general population is 22%, and in the risk group it is almost 2 times higher - 42.7%.

Among the many corrective devices for the treatment of scoliosis by technical means, the most plastic and less traumatic corrective effect on the spine is exerted by the titanium plate of the device by L. L. Rodnyansky - V. K. Gupalov. It is effective for scoliosis up to 30° [1]. With scoliosis III-IV degree and superscoliosis (over 50°), this device is ineffective and, moreover, it does not eliminate the torsion of the spine. The cosmetic hump remains.

The fate of some scientists in medicine was unpredictable - the names of many famous people in the past were forgotten for a long time. Among these undeservedly forgotten and outstanding Russian therapist Sergei Vasilievich Levashov...

On October 2, 1990, Professor Moishe Zelmanovich Sigal, Honored Scientist of the RSFSR and the TSSR, Head of the Department of Surgery and Oncology of the Kazan Institute for Postgraduate Medical Education named after V.I. Lenin, suddenly died.

From 24 to 26 October 1990 Kyiv hosted the IV All-Union Symposium on Immunology of Reproduction with international participation.
President of the International Association for Immunology of Reproduction Prof. S. Izojima et al. (Japan) presented the characterization of human sperm surface antigens.