Vol 67, No 6 (1986)

The aim of this work was to study the peculiarities of changes in the levels of cyclic nucleotides (cAMP and cGMP) in peripheral blood during oral administration of solutions with different pH in patients with peptic ulcer disease and chronic gastritis. Studies were conducted in 55 patients, 23 of them had duodenal ulcer, 16 - chronic gastritis with decreased secretory function of the stomach.

Special methods allowing during the operation to establish the boundary between the mucous membrane of the body and the antral part of the stomach have an important practical value. Knowledge of gastric secretory topography provides clear performance of organ-saving operations (antrumectomy and selective proximal vagotomy). We propose to "cut out" the gastric stump so that it retains a part of the vagal nerve branches (in the area of cardia, esophagus, along the right gastroesophageal artery) and in its distal part it is represented by the antral part of the stomach.

We made a comparative assessment of the results of serum polarographic analysis with postoperative findings and data of histological examination of gallbladder tissues and liver biopsy specimens in patients with acute cholecystitis. Such comparison was carried out in 35 patients operated for acute cholecystitis, and in 2 deceased patients; and in 19 patients acute cholecystitis was complicated with jaundice. The age of the patients ranged from 30 to 80 years, 34 women and 3 men.

During the last 15 years 92 patients with bacterial liver abscesses were under observation (men-29, women-63, age-7 to 87 years). Over the past five years, the number of patients over 60 years of age more than doubled and the number of complicated forms of the disease tripled compared with the previous five years.

In the present work we made an attempt to study the state of microcirculation in 56 patients with food toxicinfections, proceeding with signs of dehydration of II-IV degree and symptoms of hypovolemic shock of I-III degree. The age of the patients ranged from 19 to 59 years. On the basis of laboratory investigations, 14 patients were found to have Salmonellae of groups B, C, E, the etiology of the food toxico-infection could not be established in the rest of the patients.

We followed up 287 patients (102 men and 185 women aged 19 to 60 years) who suffered mild concussion and contusion of the brain. Of them, 112 patients were treated with acupuncture (except for drugs of psychotropic and vegetative action, analgesics and sleeping pills). The control group consisted of 175 people treated in the acute period according to conventional methods, including dehydration, desensitization and sedation therapy. Hospitalization was performed in the first hours-days after injury. Clinical, radiological, and electrophysiological examinations were performed.

Among the existing methods of studying human auditory function, speech audiometry is widely used, which provides an opportunity to quantitatively and qualitatively judge the condition of the subject's hearing by the degree of intelligibility of speech sounds. Each language has its own phonetic, grammatical, acoustic and other features, which requires the creation of verbal tests in the respective language, suitable for speech audiometry. It has been found that the method of speech audiometry achieves a consistency of recording and reproducing a speech test, there is no influence of the acoustics of the room, and elements of subjectivity in the pronunciation of words are excluded. Due to the lack of balanced speech material, the method of verbal audiometry has not yet been used with Tatar nationals who do not speak or speak poorly Russian.

The aim of this work was to study the urinary excretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline, blood glucose content and determination of skin temperature of students at different stages of the educational process. The simultaneous study of these indicators, in our opinion, is justified on the basis of biochemical effects of catecholamines-stimulation of glycogenolysis and lipolysis, increase in blood glucose levels, as well as its further use by tissues for energy needs.

Functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract in young children are the most difficult and insufficiently studied issues of clinical medicine. So far, such relevant issues as the mechanism of regurgitation and vomiting, the origin of pylorostenosis and dyskinetic disorders of the small intestine have not been elucidated. Unified methods of diagnosis and differential diagnosis of both functional and organic changes of the gastrointestinal tract, especially in children in the first days of life, have not been developed.

We studied informativity of thermography in comparison with the results of bile biochemical studies in 58 patients with chronic acute acute acute cholecystitis. The patients' age varied from 23 to 58 years (48 women and 10 men). The duration of the disease was from 3 to 15 years.

The objective of this study was to determine the parameters and identify the design elements of the working part of surgical instruments for choledochotomy and papillosphincterotomy using laser radiation.

Preoperative diagnosis of acute appendicitis during neonatal period presents significant difficulties. As a rule, surgical intervention in such children is carried out late against the background of peritonitis or the diagnosis is confirmed only at autopsy. Currently, the national literature describes appendicitis only in 44 newborns. Due to the rarity of the disease, lack of pathognomonic symptoms, which complicates the differential diagnosis of appendicitis in newborns, we consider it necessary to report our observation.

We observed 23 women who developed peritonitis after cesarean section. The average age of the patients was 28.9 years. There were 7 first-pregnant women and 16 second-pregnant women. The anamnesis revealed the presence of endogenous foci of infection in all the patients. Thus, flu, sore throat, acute respiratory infections were diagnosed in 20 women, pneumonia in 3; chronic pyelonephritis in 5, inflammatory uterine appendages in 6, rheumatism with mitral valve insufficiency in 1, Botkin disease in 1. Genuine pregnancy was preceded by abortions in 19 women, of whom 11 had formal abortions, 3 had criminal abortions, and 5 had spontaneous abortions at 10 to 25 weeks' gestation against a background of chronic pyelonephritis and inflammatory diseases of the uterine appendages.

In the surgical literature, we have encountered isolated reports that megaureter may mimic an intra-abdominal tumor, presenting certain diagnostic difficulties. To date, the methods and scope of surgical intervention for this malformation have not been clearly defined. Therefore, we consider it advisable to share an observation.

The purpose of this work was to study the possibility of using an automatic blood-forme element counter when conducting clinical examination of the whole population. For this purpose we used "Pikoskel" apparatus produced by the All-Russian People's Republic, which was preliminarily tested in the Republican Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the TASSR.

To date, the question of the effect of untimely amniotic fluid discharge on the birth act, fetal condition and further development of the newborn has not been solved. We performed a clinical and statistical analysis of 564 term births. Premature amniotic fluid flow occurred in 117 (20.7%) women in the study group and timely flow in 447 (control group).

We performed histological, histochemical and histoenzymological examination of 42 mucinous cysts (including 27 benign, 6 borderline and 9 malignant) and 4 benign Brenner tumors. The operated patients ranged in age from 20 to 70 years.

We performed a comprehensive audiometric examination of 105 patients with hearing impairment due to cervical osteochondrosis. The correlation between the lesion of the auditory analyzer and cervical osteochondrosis was considered absolutely proven if hearing improvement was observed as a result of manual therapy of the cervical spine.

In the 60s of the last century in the life of Russian society there were significant changes: in 1861 fell serfdom, in 1864 followed the zemstvo reform. It "... was one of those concessions, which the wave of public excitement and revolutionary onslaught repulsed the autocratic government...". Under this reform, the central provinces of Russia were granted the right to self-government, but not without control of the governor. Zemstvo received public education, public health, trade, roads, etc.

The monograph of the prominent Russian pathologist, full member of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences Professor A.D. Ado is devoted to one of the most actual problems of medical science - various aspects of general nosology. As one of the leading pathophysiologists of our country, the author is widely known not only for his works in the field of experimental pathology, but is also a recognized expert on philosophical problems of medicine, a participant of many discussions on general pathology.