Vol 63, No 1 (1982)

Abstract. The modern arsenal of chemotherapeutic agents (alkylating agents, antimetabolites, antitumor antibiotics, herbal preparations), substances that indirectly affect the intensity of tumor growth, and symptomatic therapy are considered.

Abstract. Morphohistochemical results. Studies of biopsy material from 51 patients with skin hemangiomas of various localization showed that the earliest and most permanent sign of vascular tumor activation is the accumulation of unsulfated acid glycosaminoglycans, mainly hyaluronic acid, in the walls of blood vessels and the stroma of the tumor itself

Abstract. The case histories of 16 patients with chondrosarcoma in childhood and young age were analyzed. The features of the clinical course are revealed and the variants of the radiological picture of chondrosarcomas are described: mainly lytic and sclerotic.

Abstract. A retrospective analysis of the long-term observation of the dynamics of normal glucose tolerance in 564 women was carried out. Re-examination revealed violations of tolerance in 33.8% (of doubtful type in 25.7% and of diabetic type in 8.1%). An unfavorable prognostic value of the blood glucose content after glucose loading was established after 1 hour - from 7.8 mmol / L and more and after 2 hours - from 6.1 mmol / L or more. It is proposed to consider these levels as the limit of normoglycemia at the indicated time intervals when conducting a test for glucose tolerance. Glycemia from 7.8 to 9.9 mmol / L 1 hour after glucose loading and from 6.1 to 7.2 mmol / L after 2 hours are regarded by the authors as risk zones for diabetes mellitus.

Abstract. The experience of the treatment of patients with cervical osteochondrosis in the conditions of the plant's first-aid post is generalized. The advantages of this method of treatment on an outpatient basis in large-scale production are shown.

Abstract. Twenty-seven operations of circular scleral depression were performed during detachment of the mesh shell using a tape made of domestic silicone rubber. Complete retinal adhesion occurred in 23 eyes, incomplete - in 2; in 2 eyes the retina is not attached. Circular indentation of the sclera during retinal detachment with silicone rubber reduces the risk of cutting the sclera. The indentation shaft constantly tends to come close to the mesh. t Key words: retinal detachment, treatment.

Abstract. In patients with severe postpartum mastitis, along with the usual intensive complex therapy, autodermoplasty was successfully used to improve the outcome of the disease.

The key to the normal functioning of the heart muscle is the delivery of metabolites to it with blood, primarily oxygen, corresponding to the needs. When the balance between the supply of oxygen to the heart and its demand is imbalanced, myocardial ischemia occurs. This condition is a central link in the pathogenesis of the so-called coronary or ischemic heart disease (IHD). In 89–94% of patients with coronary artery disease, it is caused by atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries and aorta [15, 21, 26]. Regarding the pathogenetic treatment of chronic forms of coronary artery disease (CHD), namely angina pectoris, one should dwell on such points as the normalization of the psychoemotional sphere (tranquilizers), an increase in coronary blood flow and oxygen delivery (coronary active agents, β-adrenoactivators), a decrease in myocardial oxygen demand (R -adrenergic blockers, cordarone, calcium antagonists), redistribution of coronary blood flow from non-ischemic zones to ischemic zones (β-blockers), hemodynamic restructuring (nitrates), switching myocardial metabolism to a reserve anaerobic pathway (gliosiz, nonahlazine), effect on blood circulation antibiotics ). All these agents used for the treatment of angina pectoris are called antianginal drugs and in some cases can be combined with analgesics, cardiac glycosides, anticoagulants, antiarrhythmic, lipid-lowering and other drugs for the complex treatment of IBO.

89 patients with benign tumors of the hand (men - 47, women - 42) were under observation. Most of them are between 20 and 40 years old. Benign tumors directly related to the bones of the hand were present in 30 patients: osteomas - in 4, chondromas - in 20 (enchondromas - in 18, echondromas - in 2), osteoblastoclastomas - in 4, osteochondral exostoses - in 2. The rest 59 patients had benign tumors that did not have an intimate connection with the bones of the hand (fibromas, lipomas, hemangiomas, glomus tumors, myxomas, etc.).

We have studied disability injuries and their relationship with social and hygiene factors at a plant that produces film and photo materials. Information about the age, length of service, time and circumstances of the injury and the assistance provided, etc. were copied onto special cards from the outpatient cards of the trauma center at the outpatient clinic of the plant's medical unit, from sick leave certificates and accident reports. All 202 workers and employees who were injured were called to study long-term results. 47.5% of injured people are men, although their share in the team is much smaller - 33%. More often injuries are recorded among workers in older age groups (from 50 to 59 years), which can be explained by some disregard for compliance with safety rules.

Over the past 10 years, 574 patients with multiple fractures have been hospitalized in the traumatology department. There were 62.5% of men and 37.5% of women. Patients aged from 21 to 60 years predominated (73.6%). The terms of admission of victims to the hospital ranged from 15 minutes to 6 hours from the moment of injury (81%).

Our task was to find out the possibility of wider use of lumbar puncture for diagnostic purposes and to unify the registration of the data obtained. To do this, we performed the Queckenstedt test in patients with sequelae of closed brain trauma who had no contraindications to lumbar puncture with the study of CSF dynamics (fundus congestion, Bruns syndrome, bulbar syndrome). The following six indicators were recorded: CSF pressure (LD) in the patient's lying position; LD in the sitting position of the patient; maximum LD with Kvekkenstedt's test (after 10 s of continuous compression of the jugular veins); minimum LD at Kvekkenstedt's test (10 s after the termination of compression of the jugular veins); LD after the release of a certain (usually 3-6 ppm) amount of cerebrospinal fluid required for laboratory research; the total amount of released liquor, usually collected in three test tubes - for clinical (protein, cytosis, sediment microscopy), biochemical (sugar, chlorides, calcium, etc.) and serological (Wasserman river, etc.) studies.

We analyzed the deaths that were observed in the dental department over the past 18 years (from 1957 to 1974). 9 patients died (females - 4, males - 5), including at the age of 11 years - 1, from 31 to 40 years - 2, from 41 to 50 years - 4, over 50 years - 2. In 4 of the patients, the lethal outcome was associated with a gunshot wound and in 5 patients with an inflammatory process. The cause of death in a gunshot wound to the maxillofacial region was, as a rule, severe shock and brain damage. Such patients died on the first day after being wounded. The death of patients with inflammation in the maxillofacial region was associated, as a rule, with thrombosis of the dura mater, septicopyemia, mediastinitis, dystrophic changes in internal organs. As an illustration, we present an extract from the medical history.

We carried out a study of the content of sulfhydryl (SH-) blood groups according to the modified method of V.V. Sokolovsky in 98 patients with fractures of long bones aged 60 to 90 years and older. The concentration of SH-groups was determined in dynamics - on the day of admission to the hospital and on the 2-4-5-10-10-15-30-45th days of hospitalization. Normally, the content of SH-groups in whole blood in young people varied in the range of 16 -17 nmol / l, and in elderly and senile people - in the range of 10-11 nmol / l.

Dislocation of the acromial end of the clavicle is a relatively common injury. According to our data, it accounts for 18% of all dislocations and occurs mainly in people of the most working age. We observed 294 patients, including 71 with subluxation, 173 with grade I dislocation, and 50 grade II dislocation. Long-term outcomes were studied in 257 people, of whom 122 received conservative treatment, 54 - hardware and 81 - surgical.

In recent years, the method of express endoprosthetics based on the use of fast-hardening polymers, such as EGMASS-12, fluoroplast-4, polyurethanes, and acrylates, has been successfully used to correct defects in the maxillofacial region. The overreaction of the tissues surrounding the prostheses can be easily relieved by local injection of corticosteroids. At the same time, burns of the surrounding tissues are observed due to the exothermic nature of the polymerization reaction.

According to the literature, in 40% of patients with ulcerative colitis on. As the disease progresses, "hyposplenism syndrome" is revealed, including granulocytosis, thrombocytosis, hemorrhages and thromboembolic complications. Its severity depends on the prevalence of ulcerative lesions, the activity of the pathological process. Here is our observation.

Despite the relatively large number of works on intestinal ureteral plastics, the possibilities of further development of this operation are far from being exhausted. We have set ourselves the task of developing a method for plasty of the ureter with a demucosated segment of the small intestine. The experiments were carried out on 54 dogs. The abdominal cavity was opened under anesthesia by a pararectal incision. At a distance of 35–40 cm from the ileocecal angle, a section of the ileum with a length of 10 to 20 cm was selected and transected with preservation of the mesentery. The continuity of the small intestine was restored by an end-to-end anastomosis, then the window formed in the mesentery was sutured with single-row sutures after isolation of the small intestine segment. Demucosation of the switched off segment of the intestine was performed according to N.E.Savchenko and V.A.Mokhort1.

The purpose of this study was to identify differential diagnostic criteria for hemodynamic disturbances in various forms of toxicosis in the second half of pregnancy.

Abstract. Three observation groups were identified among 270 students by questioning: patients with nicotinism, risk group and healthy. A comprehensive program of measures to combat smoking has been developed.

A conventional surgical operating table is not suitable for ophthalmic operations using microsurgical techniques and an operating microscope. A table is needed that would provide the ability to operate in a comfortable sitting position with the surgeon's hands (forearm and hand) fixed. The operating table for ophthalmic surgery, designed by S. N. Fedorov and V. D. Zakharov (1972), satisfies these goals. However, such tables are not mass-produced.

Abstract. An apparatus of original design for pertubation and creation of pneumoperitoneum with oxygen and nitrous oxide has been proposed. If necessary, a pertubation curve can be recorded using the apparatus.

We have proposed an angular plate-bolt for stable fixation of fragments in supracondylar and transcondylar fractures. Firmly fixing the fragments, it allows you to do without a plaster cast.

The book by Academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences V.V.Kanep and Associate Professor L.L. Lipovetskaya is of undoubted interest both for healthcare organizers and clinicians. The first chapter of the book is devoted to the theoretical and methodological issues of the scientific organization of labor, it formulates the goals and main tasks of NOT in health care, outlines the methods of studying the organization of labor. The second chapter describes the work of doctors and nurses in outpatient and inpatient medical institutions. The presented materials provide initial information for the development of recommendations for improving work processes in health care institutions of various profiles.

(28-31 / X 1981, Riga) The symposium was organized by the Scientific Council "Synthetic polymers for medical purposes" of the USSR State Committee for Science and Technology, the Scientific Council of the USSR Academy of Sciences on high-molecular compounds, the Scientific Council of the USSR Academy of Sciences on the problems of biomechanics. Academy of Sciences of the Latvian SSR, the Ministry of Health of the Latvian SSR. The symposium was attended by more than 250 scientists, engineers, representatives of scientific research institutes, SEC, industrial enterprises from 26 cities of the Soviet Union.

January 1, 1982 marked the 60th anniversary of his birth and 40 years of labor, scientific, pedagogical and social activities of the Honored Doctor of the CASSR, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Dermatovenerology of the Kazan State Pedagogical University named after V. I. Lenin, a member of the CPSU since 1945. V. P. Sergeev.

"Kazan Medical Journal" is a general medical publication and aims to meet the needs of doctors and generalists, researchers and students. In connection with this, the editorial board of the journal attached great importance to strengthening ties with readers and authors. In 1976, a reader questionnaire was conducted. Information on its results was published in 1977 No. 1. The analysis of letters from readers and authors made it possible to identify the most important problems that should be covered in the pages of the journal. Taking into account the wishes expressed in the questionnaires, perspective and current planning of the preparation and release of thematic issues of the journal devoted to topical issues of theoretical, clinical and preventive medicine was carried out.