Vol 46, No 4 (1965)

Diseases of the abdominal organs occupy a significant place in the overall morbidity, especially in outpatient practice. When recognizing pathological processes of the abdominal organs, the doctor sometimes encounters incomparably greater difficulties than when recognizing diseases of the cardiovascular system or the external respiratory system.

The defeat of the pancreas is a frequent companion of chronic diseases of the digestive system. However, its role in the origin of protein shifts in these patients is insufficiently elucidated. Meanwhile, the cited literature data, both experimental and clinical, indicate the participation of the pancreas in the regulation of not only carbohydrate and fat metabolism, but also protein metabolism.

We observed 161 patients (men - 20, women - 141) with relapse after cholecystectomy, 130 of them were examined in the clinic and 31 on an outpatient basis. 70 people were traced from the moment of surgery from 1 year to 5 years, they took into account all the data, including the pathological examination of the removed gallbladder. By the time of the operation, the patients were 17 to 75 years old, the majority were 41-50 years old.

Currently, the attention of doctors began to attract erosion and ulcers of the stomach and duodenum, acutely occurring in patients with myocardial infarction. At the same time, gastric bleeding can significantly worsen the patient's condition. Abrupt gagging when it is necessary to maintain complete rest is in itself dangerous. Anemization with significant blood loss enhances myocardial and central nervous system hypoxia. Finally, profuse gastric bleeding in myocardial infarction can be an immediate cause of death.

All surgeons recognize gastric resection as the best way to treat chronic gastric and duodenal ulcers. According to a number of authors (E. L. Berezov, B. A. Petrov, A. T. Lidsky, S. S. Yudin and others), after gastric resection in 90-95%, good and satisfactory results were noted. Outcomes after gastric resection with perforated gastro-duodenal ulcers are no less favorable (S. S. Yudin, B. A. Petrov, A. T. Lidsky, N. I. Kozintsev, V. P. Voznesensky, etc.). According to L.V. Poluektov, good and satisfactory results after primary gastric resection were noted in 97.1%. In 30%, repeated surgical interventions on the stomach are performed after suturing of perforated ulcers with 16.6% of poor results and the number of postoperative complications is 2 times more than after primary resections. However, primary gastric resection is not recognized by all surgeons as the method of choice. It is limited to a number of conditional and sometimes contradictory contraindications. For example, V.I. Struchkov believes that perforated gastro-duodenal ulcers at a young age are not subject to resection. Simple suturing, according to his data, in 70%, and suturing of "silent" ulcers - in 85% leads to recovery. A. N. Bakulev and B. A. Petrov adhere to the same point of view. S. S. Yudin, on the basis of studying a large number of immediate and long-term results, came to the conclusion that primary resections are advisable at a young age, since simple suturing does not guarantee either relapses or complications. According to D. V. Usov, for 245 sutured perforated ulcers in young people, good long-term results were obtained in 18.9%, satisfactory - in 34.9%, and poor - in 46.2%.

Changes in the motor function of the intestine are one of the important links in the chain of compensatory shifts in the body after gastrectomy. X-ray examination of these changes is interesting from several points of view. First, the nature of intestinal motility determines the degree of food processing, the completeness of mixing it with digestive juices, the degree of fermentation of the food mass and, consequently, the degree of absorption. Therefore, by the nature of the motor function of the intestines of the kosvetso, one can judge the absorption of nutrients. Secondly, when studying the motor function of the small intestine at different times after gastrectomy, it is possible to follow the stages of its compensatory restructuring. Third, when comparing X-ray data with clinical data, one can judge which type of intestinal motility corresponds to the best compensation for digestion. We set these tasks for ourselves in our work.

We studied the absorption capacity of the upper small intestine using the following tests:
1. Potassium iodine test. 20 ml of a 2% solution of potassium iodide is injected intraduodenally and every minute its presence in saliva is determined using the iodine-starch reaction.
2. Samples with radioactive iodine. 2 μ curie Nal ¹³¹ is injected into the duodenum and the absorption of radioiodine by the thyroid gland is recorded within 15 minutes.
3. Ether test. The moment of feeling the smell of ether from the respiratory tract after the intraduodenal administration of 1.5 ml of ether in saline is noted (N. Benda test, 1954).

One. of the main issues in the rationality and safety of surgical interventions on the gastrointestinal tract is the choice of the most perfect and reliable in terms of strength method of stitching tissues and organs, creating the best conditions for regeneration in the area of superimposed anastomoses.

The main or interstitial substance of the connective tissue contains many high-polymer mucopolysaccharides. According to Jackson (1954), the main moment in its formation is the secretory activity of fibroblasts.

As you know, cancer cells do not have specific morphological signs, therefore, the basis for the cytological diagnosis of malignant tumors should be based on not one “specific sign”, but a cytological symptom complex reflecting the restructuring characteristic of a given tumor.

The task of anesthesiology is to artificially create such a functional state of the body, in which the usefulness and safety of anesthesia is to the greatest extent ensured with the least response to surgical trauma. It is especially necessary to create such conditions for surgical interventions in children.

There are few works devoted to the question of the surgical treatment of goiter and thyrotoxicosis in acromegaly. At the same time, it is known that enlargement of the thyroid gland in acromegaly occurs quite often.

Disease of the stellate ganglion is a long-term suffering, often recurrent. The causes of this disease are: infections, especially viral (B. N. Mogilnitsky, I. I. Rusetsky, N. S. Chetverikov, N. I. Strelkova, A. D. Dinaburg), pneumonia and pleura, especially apical processes ( G. I. Markelov, A. M. Grinshtein, L. G. Erokhina and I. D. Polykovskaya), injuries and injuries of the node itself and tissues close to it (A. M. Grinshtein, F. M. Lisitsa, X I. Erusalimchik, E. M. Wizen, E. I. Eselevich), discosis of the lower cervical and upper thoracic spine (A. D. Dinaburg and A. E. Rubasheva, Ya. Yu. Popelyansky).

In order to clarify some aspects of the etiology and pathogenesis of lumboischialgic syndrome, we analyzed the case history of 440 patients in whom this syndrome was considered the main (primary) manifestation of the disease. Almost all patients were admitted with a diagnosis of lumbosacral sciatica.

Observations of recent years have shown the important role of the blood coagulation system in the pathogenesis of some forms of obstetric bleeding and thrombotic complications. Therefore, the issues of coagulology in obstetrics began to pay great attention.

We carried out labor pain relief with chlorpromazine in 101 primiparous and 19 multiparous. 29 women have a history of abortions and complicated labor. From the total mass of women in labor entering the hospital, we took the most restless for pain relief. Out of 120 women in labor, 89 did not undergo psychoprophylactic training, 35 had extreme types of higher nervous activity. Many women in labor were afraid of childbirth, some suffered mental trauma. Most women in labor have a low threshold for skin sensitivity to pain stimuli (Rosenthal paste). 66 women had pathological childbirth (nephropathy of pregnant women, narrow pelvis, untimely discharge of water, etc.).

The dynamics of changes in blood serum proteins during the treatment of toxicosis has not been sufficiently reflected in the literature. The available works (L. G. Sotnikova. 1957; M. I. Volokh-Isaeva, 1962; Brever, 1962; and others) are based on a small number of observations. This prompted us to conduct a study of blood serum proteins in pregnant women during treatment, depending on the method of treatment and the outcome of the disease.

In recent years, the issues of the clinic, treatment and complications of thyrotoxic goiter have begun to be covered much more widely in the press.

Primary gallbladder cancer is rare.

Chorionepithelioma usually occurs after pregnancy. The interval between the previous pregnancy and the development of chlioepithelioma ranges from several weeks to many years (over 20). Most often, the primary focus of chorionic epithelioma occurs in the uterus, less often in the vagina, tubes, ovaries.

The absence of clinical specific signs of dystopia makes it impossible to make a diagnosis before surgery. The correct diagnosis is possible only after histological examination of the removed specimen.

B., born in 1929, was admitted on 23 / X 1963 with a diagnosis of "Duodenal ulcer, nodular goiter II degree, severe autonomic neurosis."

G., 22 years old, a nurse, was admitted to the clinic on 6 / IV 1959 with complaints of shortness of breath, cough with phlegm, chills, sweats, fever up to 39.5 °.

115 patients with acute sciatica on an outpatient basis were treated with intravenous injections of a 0.5% solution of novocaine, the solution was injected slowly over 2-3 minutes in an amount of 5-7-10 ml every other day or daily.

Received from the Institute V. P. Filatov, we have used the preparation of seawater distillation (OMV) for high myopia and retinal pigment degeneration since the end of 1960, subcutaneously in an increasing dose of 2 to 6 ml per injection every 2-3 days. During the course of treatment, 10-15 injections were made.

In 1960-1962. training for seasonal collective-farm nursery-gardens was carried out in Yalchik, but the collective farms did not ensure the full attendance of the future staff of the nursery-gardens

Properly organized nutrition is a prerequisite for the normal development, growth and academic performance of a student.

A new stage in the development of general pathologies in Russia is associated with the name of V.V. Pashutin. It is to him that we owe the fact that he, having managed to give general pathology an experimental physiological direction, thereby turned it into an experimental science — pathological physiology. It should be noted that this transformation of general pathology was first carried out at the Faculty of Medicine of Kazan University.

The next release of the collection of works of a large team of psychiatrists and neuropathologists in Kazan is a notable event in the Soviet neuropsychiatric press. In terms of psychiatry, this is all the more significant since the date of publication of the works coincides with the 100th anniversary of the opening in Kazan (one of the first in Russia) of the Department of Psychiatry, which played a very significant role in the development of domestic psychiatric science, the education of numerous cadres of psychiatrists, the creation of the Soviet progressive system of psychiatric help.

The session began with a report by the director of the institute, G. D. Shushkov, who pointed to a significant increase in patients with acute cholecystitis over the past 10 years. During this time, 2219 patients with this disease were treated at the institute. Often the clinical symptoms in acute cholecystitis do not correspond to the pathological and anatomical changes in the gallbladder. In view of the fact that the early use of antibiotics for cholecystitis smoothes the clinical picture of the disease, the Institute does not recommend the use of antibiotics before surgery.

In the article by R. Yu. Mukhametov "On the epidemiology of diphyllobothriasis in the TASSR" (Kazan honey. 1964, 3), in our opinion, there are serious discrepancies with the actual state of affairs, confirmed by statistical data obtained by teams of practical medical institutions. That is why this article misleads a wide circle of readers with regard to the state of affairs in the fight against helminthiases in the Tatar ASSR.

On January 10, 1965, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Moisey Izrailevich Aksyantsev, a member of the CPSU since 1919, suddenly died.

Dentists, paramedics-midwives, midwives and paramedics of all specialties with at least 7 years of experience in the specialty and having good performance indicators are subject to certification.