Vol 65, No 5 (1984)

In the last decade, interest in the problem of acute pancreatitis has sharply increased. This is explained by the fact that acute pancreatitis firmly occupies the third place in the structure of acute surgical pathology [8], and there is a tendency to increase the number of destructive forms [12].

Recent functional studies have led to the discovery of HBsAg and to the widespread introduction of its indication into clinical practice, as well as allowed a deeper assessment of various aspects of the problem of viral hepatitis B. In particular, a comparative analysis of the course of the convalescence period and outcomes in HBS A g-positive and HBS Ag-negative hepatitis is of great interest. In this regard, the purpose of this work was to obtain information important for understanding the role of various factors in the formation of hepatitis B outcomes depending on the indication of HBS Ag.

Acute cholecystitis in men has a peculiar course. In this paper, the clinical material on the treatment of acute obstructive cholecystitis in men is analyzed.

Pileflebitis is a rare but extremely severe complication of acute appendicitis caused by thrombophlebitis of the portal vein system and migration of purulent emboli followed by the development of multiple liver abscesses.

Kidney damage in hemorrhagic vasculitis, according to clinical and morphological studies, is observed in 23.8-66.0% of patients [1, 4, 6] the gas of the renal syndrome in hemorrhagic vasculitis is considered as a result of damage to the walls of the microvessels of the organ by antigen-antibody complexes and activated components of the complement system. Hemocoagulation disorders in this disease have the character of increased local and diffuse blood clotting [3-4]. Many issues related to the treatment of patients with hemorrhagic vasculitis with renal syndrome are solved ambiguously. Along with the use of corticosteroids as part of pathogenetic therapy [4], a negative attitude is expressed towards them [5], motivated by the fact that steroid therapy has a beneficial effect on skin-joint, abdominal syndromes and is ineffective in the renal process, including the development of nephrotic syndrome. An increase in hypertension and hematuria under the influence of corticosteroids is described. It is emphasized that kidney damage in hemorrhagic vasculitis is less treatable than nephritis against the background of other systemic diseases [5J.

In patients with rheumatic heart defects, disorders in the small circle of blood circulation are quickly joined by violations of the gas exchange function of the lungs [3]. The diffusion of gases through the alveolar-capillary membrane is one of the cardinal processes that realize the main function of the lungs - gas exchange, and violations of the diffusion ability of the lungs belong to the early, intimate pathogenetic mechanisms of respiratory failure in patients with rheumatism. The data available in the literature on the study of the diffusion capacity of the lungs in patients with rheumatic heart defects are few [1]. The influence of the activity of the rheumatic process on alveolar-capillary diffusion and the state of pulmonary capillary blood flow in the early stages of rheumatism in the absence of clinical manifestations of respiratory and hemodynamic disorders has not been studied, which justifies further in-depth research in this direction.

In order to more fully correct the various metabolic disorders in diabetes, combinations of insulin with other drugs, and in particular with B vitamins, of which thiamine is more often used, have become widespread. This is often done empirically, without taking into account the stage of the disease, the level of compensation of metabolic processes and the provision of the patient's body with this vitamin.

The prognosis for primary glaucoma depends on the ability of the optic disc to withstand the effects of increased intraocular pressure. Among the reasons for this quality, the intensity of blood supply to the tissues of the disc and the retralaminar region plays a significant role [5]. Cervical osteochondrosis and atherosclerosis affect the state of the visual organs. At the same time, visual function disorders are mainly explained by a disorder of hemodynamics in the vertebrobasilar system [1, 2, 6].

Termination of pregnancy for medical reasons at a later date causes difficulties in choosing a method, since all methods have a number of negative sides: the need for a large drug load, the duration of the abortion, bleeding and other complications that endanger a woman's life.

In the clinic of diseases of the digestive system, knowledge of the pathology of the motor function of the gastrointestinal tract is of great importance. The nature of this pathology interests doctors of many specialties. However, the motor-evacuation function of the stomach and intestines is not studied enough in clinical conditions, although there are quite a lot of methods for studying the motility of the digestive tract.

In the structure of perinatal mortality, infectious diseases of the fetus and newborn account for about 10%, while a significant proportion falls on purulent-septic infections.

Studies by a number of authors have revealed significant changes in microcirculation and renal hemodynamics in patients with pyelonephritis. Slowing of capillary blood flow, vasospasm, aggregation of erythrocytes and a decrease in effective renal blood flow were found. These disorders are significantly aggravated after kidney surgery and require corrective treatment. Therefore, along with antibiotics, cardiac glycosides, antispasmodics, antihistamines, we prescribed trental (pentoxifylline), which dilates blood vessels, improves the rheological properties of blood, reduces its viscosity and increases the elasticity of red blood cells.

Specific and non-specific bronchial lesions are a frequent complication of pulmonary tuberculosis. This circumstance is little taken into account in the treatment of newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients. We analyzed the data of clinical X-ray and tracheobronchoscopic studies at different stages of treatment of patients with various forms of pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by a specific lesion of the bronchi.

The dental condition of 201 children aged 7 to 14 years suffering from rheumatism was examined, of which 101 patients were treated with glucocorticoids. 731 healthy children of the same age were examined for control.

The issues of X-ray diagnostics of osteoblastoclastomas have been repeatedly discussed in the literature. The most characteristic radiological symptoms of this one of the most frequent bone tumors are described in detail [i2, 4]. Our long-term observations show that radiologists experience differential diagnostic difficulties in interpreting radiographs of patients with osteoblastoclastoma. The conclusion about the presence of osteoblastoclastoma is often erroneous. This prompted us to focus on the issues of differential diagnosis of osteoblastoclastomas.

The air of large cities is polluted not by one, but by many enterprises that differ in the composition of emissions. In this regard, an in-depth study of the influence of individual emission sources on diffuse atmospheric pollution is necessary.

Respect for names sanctified by glory is the first sign of an enlightened mind.
A. S. Pushkin

The urgency of the malaria problem is currently determined by the high incidence in the world, the possibility of its import to any territory of the Soviet Union, the presence of residual foci of malaria in certain areas of the south of the country. Under these conditions, early detection and treatment of patients becomes important in the prevention of adverse clinical and epidemiological consequences.

The therapeutic effect of antibiotics and chemotherapy drugs depends on the level of their active concentration formed in the blood and tissues of patients. However, in the process of evolution, living organisms have developed the ability to maintain the constancy of their internal environment. Therefore, all substances, including medicines that enter the body and are by nature alien to it, undergo neutralization processes and lose their specific properties and pharmacological activity, that is, they are inactivated.

Knowledge of the history of the study of vertebrogenic diseases of the nervous system is useful not only for a mature scientist, it is extremely instructive for young people who have entered the path of clinical science. Radiculitis, with all the rapidity of the evolution of views on the essence, was considered as a "simple" pathology easily accessible to research, which was arrogantly called a paramedic back in the 20-30s. Meanwhile, in those years it seemed possible to evaluate only a minimum of its manifestations. The infectious nature of most cases of the disease was generally accepted, which was reflected in the name "sciatica". The history of this issue teaches us caution in assessing the problems that life poses to a medical researcher.

In the general surgery clinic of the Kemerovo Medical Institute from 1966 to 1982, 208 patients with blunt abdominal trauma were hospitalized. 135 people underwent surgical treatment, 73 people underwent conservative treatment. Exploratory laparotomies were performed in 12 (8.9%) of the victims (men — 10, women — 2). At the age of 19 there was 1 patient, from 20 to 29 — 1, from 30 to 39 - 6, from 40 to 49 - 3, from 60 to 69- 1. Blunt abdominal trauma due to a road accident was in 1 patient, from a blow to the stomach — in 7, when falling from a height — in 4. Isolated trauma of the anterior abdominal wall was observed in 2, combined — in 10 persons. Trauma of the anterior abdominal wall was combined with traumatic brain injury in 3, hip fracture in 2, retroperitoneal hematomas in 3, posttraumatic pancreatitis in 1 patient.

Chorionepithelioma in men is extremely rare and is the most malignant in its clinical manifestations. In men, it develops mainly from teratoid tumors of the testicle, lungs, mediastinum, retroperitoneal space. Ectopic chorionepitheliomas are much less common. All types of chorionic epitheliomas and their metastases are hormonally active - they produce chorionic gonodatropin.

We used trental in the complex infusion therapy of 17 patients with food toxicoinfections. The patients examined by us were aged from 17 to 56 years with a severe and moderate course of the disease. The diagnosis of "food toxicoinfection" was made on the basis of a complex of clinical, epidemiological and laboratory data. In all patients, a solution of "Kvartasol" in an amount of 1-5 liters was used as a means of infusion therapy. 17 patients were intravenously injected with 5 ml of trental in 500 ml of 0.85% sodium chloride solution for 40-60 minutes after the solution of "Kvartasol". After the end of the infusion, all patients received an Oratil solution, symptomatic remedies, and therapeutic nutrition.