Vol 76, No 6 (1995)
Theoretical and clinical medicine
Respiratory mechanics, alveolar ventilation, ventilation-perfusion relations in the correction of heart failure with strophanthin and kapoten
Abstract
In patients with chronic heart failure due to chronic heart disease (rheumatic heart disease, hypertension, coronary artery disease with postinfarction and atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis), changes in pulmonary hemodynamics contribute to the development of respiratory failure.



Early diastolic discoordination and transmitter blood flow in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and in healthy persons
Abstract
The effect of early diastolic discoordination on the diastolic closing profile of the left ventricle in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and in healthy persons is studied. Besides, the dependence of the transmitter blood flow parameters on the manifestation of early diastolic discoordination in healthy persons is investigated. It is stated that the degree of early diastolic discoordination determines the rate of general relaxation of the left ventricle in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and in healthy persons.



Occlusion impendance plethysmography in the assessment of the venous tonus
Abstract
The proposed method of the study of capacitive vessels is simple, does not require large material expenditure, and its application is not connected with expensive technical equipment. It allows to perform screening investigations of the noninvasive nature just as in patients so also in healthy persons.



Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment of patients with gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer with gastrocepin and de-nol in a polyclinic
Abstract
There is no doubt that peptic ulcer (PU) of the stomach and duodenum refers to a pathology with a complex and not yet fully disclosed pathogenesis. It is very difficult to fully recognize the mechanisms of the disease, and this is possibly due to the fact that the stomach is exposed to various environmental factors earlier than other parts of the digestive tract. At the same time, the well-being of his functional activity depends on; neuroregulatory systems of the body. In this regard, new hypotheses of the etiology and pathogenesis of this disease appear in scientific gastroenterology. In recent years, particular importance has been attached to the detection of infection of the gastric mucosa with Helicobacter pylori [2, 8, 10, 15].



Differential radiodiagnosis of large intestine stenoses with ileus symptoms
Abstract
It is shown that the use of radiopaque investigation methods with suspicion on ileus allows not only to determine the ileus level but also for the most part to solve the problems of etiologic and pathogenetic diagnoses in presurgical period and accodingly to perform surgical treatment of the disease before the development of the clinical picture of acute ileus more successfully.






Influence of low-intensity laser radiation on biogenic amines and clinical and biochemical parameters in viral hepatitis
Abstract
In recent years, much attention has been paid to the development of new drug-free methods of treating many diseases in various fields of medicine. Since the 80s, low-intensity lasers have been increasingly introduced into the clinic of internal medicine.






Computer processing technologies in the programmed hemodialysis
Abstract
The computer processing technology of the programmed hemodialysis is proposed for the first time in Russia. It provides the comprehensive optimization of the treatment process of patients with the terminal stage of chronic ranal insufficiency, the increase of its efficacy. The integration in the regional or national system of computer provision of hemodialysis and kidney transplantation are possible as may be required. The programs allow to straighten out the relations with administrative, economic, pharmacy, commercial subdivisions of medical institutions at one time. The technology may be used for the clinic observation of recipients with transplanted organs.



Plasty of osteomyelitic cavity of the femur by catheterizated graft of the external extensive muscle
Abstract
Muscular tamponada of the osteal cavity with catheterization of the artery feeding the muscle for local injection of antibiotics after necrsequestectomy is applied. Owing to this method postoperative complications are prevented at the secrifice of the blood supply provision of distal parts of the transferred muscle and the increase of antibacterial drugs concentration in the pathologic focus.



Features of the course of pregnancy and childbirth in women under 18 years of age
Abstract
The frequency of pregnancy in minors has increased over the past decade, which can be explained by both biological (acceleration) and unfavorable social factors. Undoubtedly, the influence of early sexual activity, pregnancy, abortion and childbirth on the formation of the adolescent's reproductive system is sharply negative. Gestogenic contraceptives fix the anovulatory orientation of the menstrual cycle, which leads to dysfunctional bleeding. An abortion in puberty threatens infertility. The mental trauma that a socially immature person receives is also great. Often a young pregnant woman does not understand what happened to her. More worried are parents who want to terminate their daughter's pregnancy at all costs. The school also sharply negatively relates to the accomplished fact.



Sexologic peculiarities of patients with functional disorders of the menstrual cycle and sterility
Abstract
The problem of functional disorders of the menstrual cycle traditionally includes several aspects: gynecological, endocrine and psychological. There are very contradictory points of view about the occurrence of these disorders: some authors consider them as somatic manifestations of diseases of the central nervous system [8], others - as a result of the influence of psychogenic factors [1]. Some researchers have tried to describe menstrual irregularities in the context of the psychoendocrine syndrome [4].



Plasmapheresis in combined treatment of the diffusive neurodermite
Abstract
The advisability of the use of metabolic fractional plasmapheresis in combined treatment of the diffusive neurodermite is shown. The mechanism of the therapeutic action of plasmapheresis is probably connected with the removal of the part of disordered metabolism products from dermatic epithelium tissue, the improvement of rheologic properties and viscosity of the blood, capillary blood flow and transcapillary metabolism.



New method of the surgical treatment of persistent postcontusion hypotony
Abstract
The efficacy of the new operation — the supraciliary slit blocade by means of biotissue in persistent postconlusion hypotony — developed by Z. I. Kobzeva, professor, is analyzed. The reasonably high efficacy, realization ease of the operation allow to recommend it for the wide clinical use.



Tongue diseases and injuries (clinico-statistical aspects)
Abstract
The results of clinico-statistical analysis of the tongue diseases and injuries are presented. It is found that their incidence comprises 1,89±0,18 cases for 10 000 of adult urban population. The duration of the hospital treatment is 12,6±0,4 days. The clinical classifications of nonpeculiar pyo-inflammatory diseases and benign tumors of the tongue are recommended. As many as 73% of the patients with tongue diseases and injuries withstood the operative treatment.



New methods and rationalization proposals
New nutrient medium for the isolation of pertussis pathogene
Abstract
Three variants of nutrient medium for the isolation of B. pertussis are developed, where the commercial medium N 199 (Parker) is the basis. The comparative study of the quality of the developed variants of the nutrient medium and the casein-coal agar medium of Dagestan production and the casein-coal agar medium of Moscow production shows that the new nutrient media do better than the casein-coal agar medium of Dagestan as well as the casein-coal agar medium of Moscow, porticu- larly effective is the 3 variant.



Reviews
Bone Measurements in Renal Failure in Adults
Abstract
The ideas about the stability and conservatism of the osteoarticular system, its weak reaction to metabolic disorders are becoming a thing of the past. The human skeleton becomes an arena where dystrophic processes occur as a result of, for example, diseases of the blood [13], abdominal organs [3]. All these phenomena have a complex genesis and were previously observed much less frequently. As the diagnosis and treatment of the main diseases of osteodystrophy of this origin improves, they are encountered more and more often, but they are not well covered in the literature, and discrepancies are observed even in the names of the syndromes. So, shifts in the musculoskeletal system (ODS) in congenital lesions of the renal tubules are defined as the Debreu — de Toni — Fanconi [1], de Toni — Fanconi [5], de Toni — Debre — Fanconi [6], Fanconi — syndromes de Toni-Debre [8]. Insufficient attention to the problem of renal osteodystrophies (RO), especially in adults, prompted the authors to write this review.



Surgical treatment of uterine fibroids
Abstract
The close attention of researchers to such a disease as uterine fibroids is due to its significant spread [1, 30] In possible complications after surgical treatment [7, 10]. Despite the ongoing conservative therapy, in 75% of patients with uterine myoma there is a need for radical intervention [21, 37]. And although the main method of treating this pathology remains the operation, until now there is no single view regarding its rational volume.



Conferences
Anniversary scientific session dedicated to the Institute of Cardiology of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (September 7-8, 1995, Moscow)
Abstract
Within the framework of the jubilee scientific session dedicated to the Institute of Cardiology and the Cardiological Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, two symposia were held: "Problems of pathogenesis and treatment of atherosclerosis" and "Possibilities of modern methods of instrumental diagnostics".



Short articles



Study of the mutagenic background of natural environments to substantiate the network of posts for monitoring the health of the population
Abstract
In the implementation of the state program for monitoring the health of the population of the Republic of Tatarstan, substantiation of regional and local observation posts is of great importance. Unfortunately, most of the works related to monitoring cover mainly its information and analytical part.



Dependence of physical performance on the state of lymph circulation
Abstract
We carried out 2 series of experiments to determine physical performance under conditions of preliminary ligation of the main lymphatic collectors. In the first series, animals (dogs) were divided into three groups. In 3 dogs of the 1st (control) group, the left and right lymphatic ducts were simultaneously isolated (without dressing) with subsequent suturing of the wound. In 5 animals of the 2nd group, the ligation of the left thoracic lymphatic duct in the cervical spine was performed, and in 3 of the 3rd group, simultaneous ligation of both the left and right thoracic lymphatic ducts in the cervical spine was performed.






Simulation of hemorrhagic syndrome
Abstract
In 1951, for the first time, cases of simulated hemorrhagic syndrome were described, when patients deliberately caused themselves to bleed, either by taking medications or mechanically. Later in the literature, there were reports of similar cases that arose, as a rule, in young women with personality psychopathization. Clinical manifestations are polysymptomatic and can proceed as profuse bleeding of various localizations, hyperthermia, paresis, paralysis, etc. Such patients are under the supervision of specialists of various profiles, more often by rheumatologists for suspected hemorrhagic vasculitis, periarteritis nodosa, etc. they are characterized by a combination of various symptoms that do not fit into the picture of any of the known diseases and syndromes, a complete discrepancy between the subjective symptomatology and the data of objective and laboratory studies. Patients often give extensive false information about their lives.



Syndromes of peripheral motor neuron insufficiency and autonomic maladjustment in patients with infantile cerebral palsy in the late residual period
Abstract
Following perinatal brain lesions, disneuroontogenetic phenomena in infantile cerebral palsy (CP) cause the formation of a multisystem neurological pathology in the residual period of this disease, which manifests itself in complex, often specific, clinical phenomena that distinguish the neurological chemotics of cerebral palsy. As clinical experience shows, along with well-known central disorders of the animal nervous system, in the general syndromology of cerebral palsy of the late period, a certain place can be occupied by secondary, disneuroontogenetically determined lesions of the peripheral and autonomic nervous systems.



Ultrasound diagnostics of the reasons for the ineffectiveness of Monastyrsky's operation
Abstract
One of the complications after cholecystosupostomy requiring repeated operations is the obstruction of the gallbladder duct, leading to a relapse of jaundice. This raises the need for differential diagnosis of cholestasis and clarification of the level of obstruction of the biliary tract. Ultrasound examinations (ultrasound) in this situation becomes the method of choice due to its atraumatic nature and high information content. However, in the available literature, we did not find a description of the dynamics of the ultrasound picture after cholecystectomy.



Requirements for experimental approbation of medicinal cosmetics
Abstract
Cosmetic products (KS) are mass consumption products. They usually include biologically active substances (BAS): vitamins, plant extracts, enzymes, amino acids, antiseptics. The sale of cosmetic products containing biologically active substances is accompanied by advertising of their anti-inflammatory and regenerating effect on the skin, effectiveness against acne, dandruff and other conditions requiring medical intervention. Medical cosmetics (LC) and pharmaceutical dermatological preparations have different functional purposes. Requirements for medicinal products, in particular for pharmaco-toxicological, clinical research and quality control, are strictly regulated by the relevant instructions of the Pharmacological Committee and the State Pharmacopoeia. The effectiveness of the LA is not always evaluated, since it is intended only for cleaning and protecting the skin, skin and hair care, prophylactic action in case of a tendency to pathological conditions.



Social hygiene and healthcare management
Scientific and methodological substantiation of the forms and methods of field work of heads of health care of the republic (region, territory)
Abstract
By outreach work, we mean the activities of workers in the health care management system of the republic (region, region) associated with travel to the districts and due to the need to solve certain managerial problems and tasks. At the same time, several people, as a rule, participate in meetings from the side of regional health care institutions - the chief physician of the Central Regional Hospital, his deputies, and various specialists.



History of medicine
On the history of the development of radiology in the Republic of Tatarstan
Abstract
None of the periods of the entire previous history was as bright and diverse in the manifestation of human genius as the 19th century - the “century of science and technology”. SP Botkin wrote: "... what a movement forward was then, what an irrepressible current swept the whole society, and at the same time what a thirst for knowledge awoke in it." Society "wanted to learn, to know." The greatest discoveries of the second half of the 19th century, made with seemingly ingenious simplicity or "by accident", acquire true value today.



The role of Kazan University graduates in the formation of higher medical education in Saratov
Abstract
The history of higher medical education in Russia begins in 1764, when the medical faculty of Moscow University began to function, in 1804 - the medical faculty of Kazan University, and in 1798 the St. Petersburg Medical-Surgical Academy was founded. In 1909, the tenth university in the country was opened in Saratov with one faculty - medical.



Obituary



Information
Postgraduate training of doctors in epidemiology in Kazan
Abstract
Teaching epidemiology at the Kazan GIDUV began in 1940, when the epidemiology course was opened at the Department of Infectious Diseases. Lectures on private epidemiology with the clinic of infectious diseases, general epidemiology with coverage of the variability of microbes and experimental epidemiology were delivered by professors A.F. Agafonov, N.N. Spassky, N.K. Lukoyanov, B.A. Volter and associate professor S.G. Silenkov. In 1955, the question of creating an independent department of epidemiology was raised. Its organizer and first head was Professor H. N. Spassky, who headed the department for 14 years.


