Vol 50, No 2 (1969)
State and prospects of scientific research on the use of physical factors in children for preventive and therapeutic purposes
Abstract
Natural physical factors (mineral waters, therapeutic mud, ozokerite, paraffin, sun rays, etc.) and preformed, i.e. various types and forms of energy obtained by artificial means (constant, alternating electric current, magnetic field, aeroionization, etc.) ) are widely used in the complex treatment and prevention of diseases in children in a variety of conditions - in a hospital, clinic, sanatorium, resort, school and at home.
Theoretical and clinical medicine
Alimentary hyperglycemia and atherosclerosis
Abstract
In the last 15–20 years, much attention has been paid to the study of the dependence of the development of atherosclerosis, in particular coronary artery disease, and the incidence of it on the nature of a person's diet. It was found that there is a definite relationship between the spread of atherosclerosis and the nature of the diet. If at present there are no data convincingly showing the importance of dietary proteins in the origin of atherosclerosis, then the connection of this disease, which is widespread in our time, with animal fats is considered proven.
The use of lipoic acid amide in liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis
Abstract
In recent years, the medicinal properties of lipoic acid (vitamin N) have attracted more and more attention of domestic and foreign clinicians. It stimulates phosphorylation of glucose, glucolysis, gluconeogenesis and promotes the conversion of lactic acid into pyruvic acid [10, 15]. The introduction of lipoic acid into a vein in rabbits increases the content of glycogen in the liver [15].
Clinical picture and diagnosis of myocardial infarction in patients with rheumatic heart disease
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is extremely rare (0.64-0.8%) complicates the course of coronary insufficiency in rheumatism [2, 10, 17] and is very often not recognized, since rheumatic heart defects and myocardial infarction lead to cardiac dysfunction and are manifested by a complex of many the same symptoms. It is known that pain in the form of paroxysmal chest pain with irradiation characteristic of angina pectoris are quite frequent companions of aortic stenosis, severe insufficiency of the semilunar aortic valves, and a high degree of mitral stenosis. With rheumatic heart disease in the active stage, pain syndrome with coronary features may occur in rheumatic coronaritis and in some cases give rise to an erroneous diagnosis of myocardial infarction [1, 3, 7, 13, 24]. In some cases, the clinical picture of myocardial infarction and ECG data are generally unclear. All this complicates the diagnosis of myocardial infarction in patients with rheumatic heart disease. Along with this, it should be noted that the pathogenesis of focal changes in the myocardium in rheumatism is not entirely clear.
Hemodynamic parameters in patients with myocardial infarction with left ventricular failure and various types of collapse
Abstract
Despite numerous clinical and experimental studies, the question of the pathogenesis of cardiogenic collapse remains unclear. Even V.P. Obraztsov and N.V. Strazhesko, and then Vouyer, suggested that heart failure is the main factor in the pathogenesis of cardiogenic collapse. Subsequently, A.V. Vinogradov, V.N. Vinogradov et al., P.E. Lukomsky, Fieshberg, Smith et al., Freis et al., Et al. Provided convincing data on the leading role of acutely developing cardiac muscle weakness in the development of cardiogenic collapse. Friedberg, Lee attach critical importance to the reduction of vascular tone. Finally, Selzer and Rytand, I. E. Ganelina, V. N. Brikker and E. I. Vol'pert believe that different types of collapse can be distinguished by pathogenesis in myocardial infarction. It is also not entirely clear why acute myocardial weakness in some patients is manifested clinically by pulmonary edema, while others develop a picture of collapse (Cronin).
On the pathogenesis of heart failure in patients with pulmonary emphysema
Abstract
The main direct cause of the development of right ventricular heart failure in patients with obstructive pulmonary emphysema is an increase in pressure in the pulmonary artery system. According to our colleague Yu. N. Steinhardt, with pulmonary emphysema, not complicated by heart failure, the pressure in the pulmonary artery at rest is increased only in 1/3 of patients and, moreover, is usually insignificant (mean pressure 21-42, on average 25 mm ); somewhat more often, at normal pressure at rest, there is a more distinct increase in pressure during exercise than in healthy people. In patients with emphysema with heart failure, pulmonary arterial hypertension was always, and usually significant. Thus, the mean pressure in 17 studied patients varied within 28-75 mm (on average - 47 mm). The degree of hypertension corresponded to the degree of circulatory insufficiency (mean pressure 32, 47 and 55 mm with insufficiency of I, II and III degrees, respectively).
Mortality from atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis
Abstract
A gradual increase in mortality from atherosclerosis, in particular from atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis, is associated with an increase in the average life expectancy of the population, with an improvement in the quality of diagnostics, with a change in the generally accepted formulations of pathological processes (senile senility, chronic myocarditis, myocardial dystrophy, atherosclerosis).
Chronic tonsillitis in patients with congenital heart defects and great vessels
Abstract
The practical significance of the problem of chronic tonsillitis in patients with congenital heart defects is determined by the fact that rational treatment of tonsillitis in such patients is the prevention of septic-rheumatic complications that can occur both before and after heart surgery. At the same time, only a few works are devoted to the study of chronic tonsillitis in patients with congenital heart defects. NA Vishnevskaya (1966, 1967), referring to our publications (1964, 1965), emphasizes the practical importance of this problem, but her research is devoted mainly to the peculiarities of tonsillectomy in such patients.
Clinical picture and treatment of cardiovascular disorders in neuroses
Abstract
The attention of therapists to neuroses is determined by the fact that neuroses often precede or accompany the pathology of internal organs or complicate it. Most authors believe that neurosis often arises as a result of conflict life situations, strictly individual for each patient. Physical and mental overwork, alcoholism, smoking, sexual disorders, infections, iatrogenic factors can weaken the functional state of the nervous system and predispose to the development of neurosis.
On the blood supply to the human spinal cord
Abstract
The clinic's inquiries require an answer to many unresolved questions about the blood supply to the human spinal cord, since a number of pathological processes playing out in it are associated with circulatory disorders. These include the so-called sciatica [7] and other manifestations of osteochondrosis of intervertebral discs [3], epiduritis, para- and intravertebral tumors [1], etc.
Blood loss during spinal surgery and its effect on blood circulation
Abstract
One of the complications associated with the operation is blood loss. Its size and duration affect hemodynamic shifts. Anesthesia in these cases can serve as an additional aggravating factor. This combination is fraught with the risk of developing cardiovascular and respiratory failure. We did not find a satisfactory coverage of this issue in relation to spinal surgery in the available literature.
Diagnostics and treatment of acute arterial obstruction
Abstract
In the clinic of hospital surgery and its branches in recent years, there were 28 women and 8 men with acute arterial obstruction. At the age of up to 20 years there was 1 patient, from 20 to 50 years old - 8, from 50 to 60 years old - 21 and older - 6.
Dosing of anticoagulants in patients with acute retinal and optic nerve vascular obstruction
Abstract
The widespread use of direct and indirect anticoagulants necessitates reliable and accurate monitoring of blood coagulation. Determination of a sufficiently effective and at the same time safe dose of anticoagulants is of great practical importance. One of the objective methods for determining blood coagulation is thromboelastographic (TEG).
Ligation, autoplasty of the inferior vena cava above the renal veins and reverse portocaval anastomosis
Abstract
In search of optimal methods of surgical interventions on the inferior vena cava above the renal veins, we experimentally tried the methods of ligation of the posterior vena cava above the renal veins, the method of autoplasty, and the imposition of a reverse portocaval anastomosis in various versions.
Bone marrow mitotic activity in acute leukemia
Abstract
For a correct understanding of the course and development of a disease of the blood system, it is important for the clinician to have an idea of the state of proliferation of bone marrow cells. Counting only myelokaryocytes and myelogram is insufficient, since a slight slowdown in the elimination of cells from the bone marrow at a normal rate of reproduction can give the impression of increased proliferation.
Our experience in the treatment of burn disease and burn wounds
Abstract
Success in treating burned patients depends on the timeliness and quality of first aid; from a complex of anti-shock measures; from the thoroughness of the primary treatment of the fired surface; on the nature of the fight against wound infection and intoxication; from the method of treatment and measures to prevent complications.
The use of nibufin for fractures of tubular bones
Abstract
Nibufin, a paranitrophenyl ester of dibutylphosphinic acid, was synthesized at the Laboratory of Organic Chemistry. A.E. Arbuzov KHTI A.I. Razumov and O.A.Mukhacheva (1957). The drug was pharmacologically examined and proposed for practical use by IV Zaikonnikova (1961). As her studies have shown, nibufin has a pronounced anticholinesterase property, increases the tone of smooth muscle organs - the intestines, uterus, and enhances peristalsis. Compared with other organophosphorus compounds used in medicine - armin, phosphacol, phosarbin, it is much less toxic.
Effect of strontium-90 on antitumor resistance
Abstract
The aim of this study was to elucidate the state of resistance to transplanted tumors in white rats and mice, as an indicator of general antitumor resistance, during the latent period of injury with a minimal blastomogenic dose of strontium-90.
Radio telemetry of intraplacental venous pressure in the successive period of normal labor
Abstract
The study of uterine contractions in the successive period is of great theoretical and practical interest, since the duration of the period and the amount of blood loss depend on their nature. Moir (1936) proposed to investigate the contractile activity of the uterus by measuring the venous intraplacental pressure. Using this technique, we studied the contractile activity of the uterus in the successive period in women in labor with a normal and pathological course of labor Alvarez and Caldeiro-Barsia (1950), 3. N. Kunareva (1957), N. A. Chunikhina (1957).
Observations from practice
Condition of persons undergoing cholecystectomy
Abstract
A significant part of patients with cholelithiasis from the moment of onset of cholecystitis is threatened by such complications as obstruction of the common bile duct with a stone, the development of chronic pancreatitis, active pericholecystitis with the involvement of neighboring organs in the process, the transition to a destructive form of cholecystitis, perforation of the gallbladder, vesico-duodenal fistulas and others. Of our 250 patients who underwent cholecystectomy, 93, that is, 37.2%, were operated on due to these complications. Naturally, in these conditions, surgical intervention cannot be the stage that completes the treatment of recurrent and chronic cholecystitis.
Results of laparotomic incisions in operations on the biliary tract
Abstract
To clarify the question of the effect of nerve transection on the functional state of the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall and to compare the degree of trauma of the incisions used in performing operations on the biliary tract, long-term results (periods - from 1 month to 9 years) were studied in 100 patients operated by the methods S.P. Fedorov, Rio Branco and N.I. Golubeva.
Complement and blood lysozyme in children with unapproachable rheumatism
Abstract
A significant number of works are devoted to the study of immunological reactivity in the dynamics of the rheumatic process [1, 2, 3]. A number of researchers [4, 5, 7] note an increase in general immunological reactivity with pronounced activity of the rheumatic process and its inhibition with moderate or weak activity. Especially sharply immunological reactivity is reduced in severe, continuously recurrent course of rheumatism. Zh. Zh. Rapoport emphasizes the connection between immunological diversity and the multiplicity of clinical variants of the course of the rheumatic process.
Short articles
Complex treatment of a patient with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis
Abstract
E., 16 years old, was admitted to the surgical department on 15 / X 1965 with complaints of pain in the right hip, headache, high temperature. The disease was preceded by severe hypothermia. 11 / X suddenly felt pain in the upper third of the right thigh, aggravated by walking. On the 13th, her condition worsened, a headache, weakness, sharp pains in the hip appeared, the temperature rose to 40 °.
Splenectomy for Werlhof's disease
Abstract
In the question of indications for splenectomy, one should be guided by the principle of the urgency of this operation in all cases of thrombocytopenic bleeding that threaten the patient's life. All conservative methods of stopping bleeding are ineffective. Splenectomy in such cases is one of the most powerful means in the system of hemostatic measures.
Left-sided appendicitis with reversed internal organs
Abstract
Left-sided appendicitis is an extremely rare pathology in urgent surgery. It occurs with dystopia of the large intestine and with the reverse complete arrangement of internal organs. 4019 appendectomies performed from 1964 to 1967 in the emergency department of the 12th mountains. hospitals in Kazan, left-sided appendicitis met only once. Here is our observation.
Combination of gallbladder cancer with gallstone disease
Abstract
Sh., 65 years old, was admitted to the surgical department of the Bavlinsky Central Hospital on 30 / IX 1967 with complaints of general weakness, poor appetite, weight loss, the presence of a palpable tumor in the upper abdomen. Considers himself a patient since 1966.
Mesenteric hemangioma of the jejunum
Abstract
M., 62 years old, was admitted to the surgical department on 6 / VII 1966 at 3 o'clock with complaints of sharp pains in the lower abdomen, urge to urinate and stool. Suddenly fell ill about an hour ago. Referred with a diagnosis of acute appendicitis.
About the treatment of cervical dystocia
Abstract
Cervical dystocia is understood as a complication in childbirth, consisting in the slowing down or absence of opening of the uterine pharynx in the presence of pronounced labor activity. There are two forms of cervical dystocia: passive (rigidity of the throat), caused by morphological changes, and active (spasm of the throat), which is based on the discoordination of labor. Typically, these forms of dystocia do not exist in isolation.
The use of pyrotherapy and antibiotics for varicose ulcers of the lower extremities
Abstract
We observed 7 patients with varicose ulcers of both legs. We injected six patients every other day with intramuscularly sterile milk in increasing doses from 2 to 7 ml, and also underwent autohemotherapy (10-12 injections) and injections of vitamin B12. Inside was given tincture of iodine according to the usual scheme. The ulcers were sprinkled with oxytetracycline and sterile dressings were applied.
Side effects of pyrogenal
Abstract
Over the past 3 years, we have studied the therapeutic effect of pyrogenal in 135 patients, including 102 with infectious nonspecific polyarthritis, 10 with infectious-allergic polyarthritis, 18 with dystrophic polyarthritis and 5 with bronchial asthma. Under the age of 20 there were 5 people, from 21 to 40 years old - 35, from 41 to 60 years old - 88 and older - 7.
Acute arsenic hydrogen poisoning, resulting in recovery
Abstract
The operator of the acid workshop S., 40 years old, 19 / V 1967, during a major overhaul, was cleaning the collector from under oleum (98% sulfuric acid): being in the collector, for 1.5 hours she shoveled the sludge into an iron bucket with a wooden shovel. The victim was wearing a gas mask, but she took it off twice for 5-10 minutes. When sludge containing sulfuric acid interacts with iron, free hydrogen was released. The latter combined with arsenic in the sludge, forming arsenous hydrogen, which caused acute intoxication in the apparatus operator.
Reviews
Occupational hygiene
Healthcare mangement
Book review
P. X. Vasiliev. Peritoneoscopy in a surgical clinic. Edited by Honored Scientist Prof. B.S. Rozanova. Moscow, 1968 273 pages, circulation 4000
Abstract
In recent years, interest in laparoscopy has increased markedly. However, many questions regarding this diagnostic method remain unresolved and controversial. Therefore, the publication of the monograph by P. Kh. Vasiliev "Peritoneoscopy in a surgical clinic" should be recognized as timely. The work of P. X. Vasiliev is based on a large clinical material covering 120 peritoneoscopies in patients aged 3 to 82 years. This is, in fact, the first monograph in the Russian literature that contains a color peritoneoscopic atlas. The value of this work also lies in the fact that its author has developed a number of technical improvements in laparoscopy, which are of great interest and can be successfully used.
Conferences
Anniversary scientific conference of the Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the USSR Ministry of Health (15-16 / X 1968, Moscow)
Abstract
The scientific conference on the problem "Antenatal fetal protection and prevention of perinatal pathology" was dedicated to the 60th anniversary of the birth and the 37th anniversary of the scientific, pedagogical and medical activities of the full member of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences Leonid Semenovich Persianinov.
New data on the biological effects of ultraviolet radiation. Based on the materials of the All-Union meeting on the biological effect of UV radiation (1-5 / X 1968, Sochi)
Abstract
The meeting was attended by 150 delegates and guests from various cities of the Soviet Union, from the GDR, Poland and Bulgaria. 123 reports were presented on the following sections: 1. Fundamentals of the biological effect of UV radiation; 2. The use of natural and artificial UV radiation for therapeutic, prophylactic and hygienic purposes. The meeting was opened by opening remarks by Corresponding Member. USSR Academy of Sciences prof. A.S. Troshina.
Obituary
Chronicles
Chronicle
Abstract
On February 4, 1969, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, 72 most distinguished health workers were awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor for their great services in the field of health protection of the Soviet people, with the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle gold medal.