Vol 62, No 4 (1981)

On the importance of premorbid conditions in the onset of acute pneumonia in young children

Svyatkina K.A., Yakubova S.N., Tazetdinova F.G., Shoshina N.K., Ziatdinov I.G., Kulakova G.A.

Abstract

Analysis of the course of pneumonia in young children (255), depending on the premorbid background, revealed the effect of concomitant suffering on the course and severity of pneumonia. Rickets and anemias are especially prominent. In the presence of these diseases, the length of stay of children with pneumonia in the hospital is lengthened. When treating patients with pneumonia, it is important to take into account the premorbid state and include in the therapeutic complex means aimed at eliminating concomitant pathology.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):1-3
pages 1-3 views

Differential diagnosis of tuberculous and hamartomas of the lungs

Anastasiev V.S.

Abstract

Based on observations of 400 patients with tuberculomas and 26 with pulmonary hamartomas, some differential diagnostic signs characteristic of these diseases were determined. The leading role in their recognition belongs to X-ray examination. In young people, tuberculin diagnostics is of a certain importance.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):3-5
pages 3-5 views

Treatment of children with acute confluent infiltrative pneumonia in the conditions of the pediatric surgical department

Rokitsky M.R., Akinfiev A.V., Grebnev P.N., Girfanov I.V., Shatunov V.N., Kuchinskaya A.I.

Abstract

The reasons for hospitalization of children with acute pneumonia in pediatric surgical departments are considered. The scheme of complex therapy of 65 patients with acute confluent pneumonia is presented, the technique of intrapulmonary administration of antibiotics is described and this method is assessed, as well as recommendations for increasing the effectiveness of therapy in patients with acute confluent infiltrative pneumonia.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):6-8
pages 6-8 views

Rethoracotomy after lung and pleural surgery

Wagner E.A., Firsov V.D., Cherkasov V.A., Sokolov P.N.

Abstract

The frequency of rethoracotomy after operations for diseases of the lungs and pleura was 2.2% - 101 out of 4537 interventions. 6 groups of complications were identified. Bleeding into the pleural cavity was observed in 20, hemothorax with clot formation - in 33, leakage of the remnant of the lung or bronchial stump - in 31, pleural empyema - in 11, foreign bodies - in 5, and impaired blood flow in the remainder of the lung - in 1 patient. The principles of diagnostics, indications and peculiarities of the technique of operations are stated. In 80 patients who underwent rethoracotomy, a favorable outcome was obtained; the mortality rate was 20.8%. The dependence of mortality, severity and number of complications on the timing of reoperation was established. The best results were obtained when carrying out rethoracotomy in the 1-3 days of the postoperative period.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):8-12
pages 8-12 views

Effect of halidor on pulmonary hemodynamics in bronchospasm

Arsentiev F.V., Barkov V.A., Namestnikov V.V., Shustov S.S.

Abstract

In 40 patients with bronchospastic syndrome, the effect of halidor on pulmonary circulation and contractility of the right ventricle of the heart was studied according to rheopulmonography. The drug causes a decrease in the tone of the pulmonary vessels and an increase in the contractile ability of the myocardium. In patients who received a course treatment with halidor, an improvement in bronchial patency was noted. In this regard, halidor can be recommended for the treatment of patients with pulmonary diseases, in which, along with a violation of the function of external respiration, there are signs of hypertension of the pulmonary circulation.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):12-14
pages 12-14 views

X-ray cardiometric study of myocardial contractility in patients with pneumoconiosis

Danilin V.A., Balakshina I.V.

Abstract

In 91 patients with pneumoconiosis, myocardial contractility was studied according to the results of X-ray cardiometry and instrumental research methods. The data obtained indicate that the use of X-ray functional stress tests contributes to the earlier detection of latent heart failure in patients with pneumoconiosis.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):14-16
pages 14-16 views

Dynamics of serotonin and ceruloplasmin in pneumonia in children

Shakirova E.M., Kamalova R.G.

Abstract

As a result of a study of the level of serotonin and ceruloplasmin in 45 children with pneumonia, and in 14 healthy children, it was found that the dynamics of indicators of these substances reflects the degree of activity of pneumonia, as well as the nature of the course of the process.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):17-18
pages 17-18 views

Prediction of allergic diseases in the child population in an industrial city

Shamova A.G.

Abstract

The frequency and reliability of predicting allergic diseases among the child population have been analyzed. An increase in the number of allergic diseases has been established: allergic dermatoses, drug allergies, respiratory allergies. Comparison of actual and projected data has shown the reliability of the forecast. One of the most effective measures to combat allergies is the creation of specialized children's institutions.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):19-21
pages 19-21 views

Allergy to secretin in patients with peptic ulcer disease

Malov Y.S.

Abstract

Intradermal tests for secretin were studied in 70 people and antibodies to secretin in 42. In all patients with gastroduodenitis and peptic ulcer, positive skin reactions were found, and in about 2/3 of patients - antibodies to secretin in the blood serum. The given samples can be used for preclinical diagnostics and to identify persons predisposed to gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):21-23
pages 21-23 views

About unloading and dietary therapy in general therapeutic terms

Kokosov A.N.

Abstract

A controversy is being held with the author of the article "Experience in the use of therapeutic fasting in hypothalamic disorders, published as a discussion in No. 4 of" Kazan Medical Journal "for 1980. At the same time, on the basis of his own observations, an idea is given about the mechanism of the positive effect of therapeutic fasting, which the author intends to define as a method of unloading diet therapy.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):24-25
pages 24-25 views

Isozymes and total activity of lactate dehydrogenase in erythrocytes of children with overt and latent diabetes mellitus

Enikeev R.G.

Abstract

The total activity of lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes in erythrocytes of 62 children with diabetes mellitus and 40 children with a latent form of its course was studied. In the stage of decompensation of diabetes mellitus, the total activity of lactate dehydrogenase is significantly reduced, and in the state of compensation of carbohydrate metabolism, it is increased. An increase in the total activity of lactate dehydrogenase was also revealed in the latent course of diabetes. The spectrum of isoenzymes of lactate dehydrogenase in the process of clinical and metabolic compensation of the disease is shifted towards cathode fractions. Under the influence of insulin treatment in combination with biguanides, there is a significant increase in the 4th fraction of lactate dehydrogenase.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):25-26
pages 25-26 views

Causes of birth injuries of the spinal cord of the fetus

Khasanov A.A., Davydova M.A.

Abstract

The birth of 449 children in maternity hospitals in Kazan was monitored. In 13 (2.9%) of them, neurological examination revealed signs of brain injury and in 140 (31.2%) - spinal cord injury. The possible pathogenesis of the birth trauma of the spinal cord of the fetus is considered. It was found that the frequency and severity of injury are directly dependent on the force applied by the obstetrician or midwife at the birth of the fetus.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):27-30
pages 27-30 views

Prevention and therapy of fetal and newborn asphyxiation in modern conditions

Shitova E.M., Mironova T.A., Verkhovsky A.L.

Abstract

Problems of prediction and preventive therapy of fetal and newborn asphyxia are discussed. It is proposed to carry out preventive therapy in 4 stages: health improvement of pregnant women in sanatorium-preventorium conditions; prenatal hospitalization; measures in the first stage of labor that improve microcirculation in the fetal-placental complex system; gentle delivery. The issue of anesthesia during a cesarean section is considered and a number of recommendations are given for the removal of narcotic depression and residual fetal curarization. In conclusion of infusion therapy, it is recommended to carry out forced diuresis.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):30-32
pages 30-32 views

Influence of electrosleep on the condition of pregnant women with heart disease

Kuritsyna L.K., Gilyazutdinova Z.S.

Abstract

The effect of electrical sleep on the state of the serotonergic system was studied in 82 pregnant women with cardiovascular pathology. The data obtained allowed us to make a conclusion about the advisability of using electric sleep in the treatment of pregnant women with heart pathology as a simple, harmless and effective method of drug-free therapy aimed at restoring the functional state of the central nervous system, compensatory-adaptive mechanisms of the cardio-respiratory system and normalizing humoral homeostasis.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):33-35
pages 33-35 views

New data on the surgical anatomy of the bile and pancreatic ducts

Agafonov A.A., Narimanov R.Z.

Abstract

The anatomy of the bile and pancreatic ducts was studied in 140 corpses using anatomical dissection (100), a corrosion technique (20), and X-ray (20). The length of the bile duct was 67.15 ± 10.58 mm, and the length of its mouth — the large duodenal nipple — 18.00 ± 2.26 mm. The length of the large duodenal nipple refers to the length of the preduodenal part as 1: 3. The diameter of the bile duct was on average 7.64 ± 1.09 mm, and the diameter of its mouth was 3.79 ± 0.68 mm. The ratio of the diameter of the bile duct to the diameter of its mouth is normally in the range of 1.18-3.50. These coefficients must be taken into account when diagnosing stenosis of the large duodenal papilla and during operations on it.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):35-38
pages 35-38 views

Diagnostics and surgical treatment of papillospasm and papillostenosis

Kochnev O.S., Biryaltsev V.N.

Abstract

The data of chromatic probing in combination with spectrophotometry of duodenal bile were analyzed in 125 patients with diseases of the biliary tract, 75 of which were operated on. It was found that changes in the first phase indicate dilatation of the common bile duct, impaired motility and cholangitis. The combination of indicators of the first and second phases makes it possible to detect the phenomenon of papillospasm or organic stenosis of the sphincter of Oddi. The data of the fourth phase help to reveal a violation of the contractile and drainage function of the gallbladder, redox processes in the liver and the wall of the gallbladder. Changes in the fifth phase make it possible to determine the pathology of the hepatic parenchyma. This technique made it possible to reduce the time of examination of patients after an attack of acute cholecystitis and to establish the correct diagnosis by 90%.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):38-42
pages 38-42 views

Treatment of acute cholecystitis complicated by obstructive jaundice

Masharov G.B.

Abstract

Of 420 operated patients with acute cholecystitis, 132 (31.4%) had obstructive jaundice. Only 2 patients were operated on urgently due to peritonitis; in the remaining 130, the use of forced diuresis and rational anti-inflammatory therapy with antibiotics removed the acute effects. This made it possible to fully examine patients and operate them in favorable conditions for a relatively cold period. The jaundice disappeared completely within 7 to 16 days from the start of treatment. Most of the patients were operated on during this period. Postoperative mortality in the cold period was 3.1%.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):42-45
pages 42-45 views

The effect of prednisolone on myocardial contractile function in patients with influenza

Bulatova N.A.

Abstract

Changes in the phase structure of left ventricular systole were studied in 35 patients with influenza under the influence of a single intravenous infusion of prednisolone at doses of 30 mg and 60 mg. The positive inotropic effect of prednisolone on the heart in patients with influenza was revealed. The effectiveness of the action is proportional to the administered dose of the drug.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):45-48
pages 45-48 views

Manifestations of accentuations of the psychoemotional sphere in patients in a sanatorium-resort environment

Belyaev V.N.

Abstract

In order to identify the prevalence of accentuations of the psychoemotional sphere in patients in sanatorium-resort conditions, testing was carried out according to the Shmishek questionnaire. In patients with neurasthenia, a greater severity of dysthyma, cyclothymic, exaltation, pedantry, and inertia of the effect was revealed. Possible ways of accelerating the psychological adaptation of patients to sanatorium conditions are proposed, depending on the specific type of accentuation of their psychoemotional sphere.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):48-51
pages 48-51 views

Classification of chronic pneumonia

Putov N.V., Saperov V.N., Fedoseev G.B.

Abstract

A new classification of chronic pneumonia is proposed, which provides for an indication in the diagnosis of the localization and phase of the process, the degree of its activity, the type of exacerbation, the nature of the course and complications. Direct complications include bronchiectasis, pulmonary insufficiency, and chronic diffuse bronchitis.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):51-56
pages 51-56 views

Clinical and radiological classification of chronic pneumonia

Smirnov G.A.

Abstract

In recent years, the Minsk (1964) and Tbilisi (1972) classifications of chronic pneumonia have been increasingly criticized. The classification of diseases of the bronchopulmonary system, proposed by IV Putov and GB Fedoseev (1978), is distinguished by its harmony, but a number of its provisions require discussion and addition. First of all, this concerns the classification of chronic pneumonia (N. V. Putov, V. N. Saperov, G. B. Fedoseev). There is no doubt about the need for a clear distinction between chronic bronchitis and chronic pneumonia, but the isolation of bronchiectasis in an independent form is objectionable, since the concept of chronic pneumonia is sharply narrowed, as a result of which its number among COPD decreases to 8.8-9.5% [ 4]. To differentiate such pneumonia from bronchiectasis, bronchography becomes mandatory, which is not available to many practical institutions and is contraindicated in some patients. Moreover, it often does not provide reliable criteria for diagnosis. If bronchiectasis is isolated in an independent form, then the diagnosis will be absorbed by most of the other inflammatory diseases of the bronchopulmonary system, just as, according to the authors, they were “absorbed by the comprehensive diagnosis of chronic pneumonia”. The diagnosis of bronchiectasis will be made in case of any lung disease accompanied by the discharge of purulent sputum, especially if cellular shadows are visible on the plain radiograph, which are a reflection of sclerosis, but are often mistaken for bronchiectasis, although the diagnosis of the latter without bronchography is inappropriate.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):56-60
pages 56-60 views

Etiology and pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus

Balabolkin M.I., Gavrilyuk L.I.

Abstract

Epidemiological studies carried out in the USSR and in various foreign countries show that the incidence of diabetes mellitus ranges from 1% to 3%. Despite the advances made in the field of diabetology, the issues of the etiology and pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus require further study.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):60-63
pages 60-63 views

Mechanism and diagnostic capabilities of the reaction of nitroblue tetrazolium reduction by human neutrophils

Mayansky A.N., Pazyuk E.A., Makarova T.P., Parshakova R.A., Pikuza O.I.

Abstract

The advantages of the methods of cytochemical research include technical simplicity, availability, minimum requirements for the volume of the test material. This makes it possible to introduce them into the daily practice of clinical laboratories. At the same time, they allow detecting such changes in neutrophils that are difficult, and sometimes impossible to detect using other, much more laborious methods.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):64-68
pages 64-68 views

Experience of organizing sanatorium treatment of children with bronchopulmonary diseases in the conditions of the city children's hospital

Cherkasova N.A., Gabidullina M.K., Shakirova E.K.

Abstract

During the last two years at the 4th Children's Hospital in the summer there has been a department of sanatorium treatment of children with bronchopulmonary diseases (2 shifts, 1.5 months each). 71 of 177 children who received sanatorium treatment during this time had chronic pneumonia, 7 had bronchial asthma, 99 had frequent respiratory diseases (pneumonia and bronchitis 3-4 times a year). 20 children were under 3 years old, 90 - from 3 to 7 years old and 67 - from 7 to 14 years old.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):68-68
pages 68-68 views

Identification of patients with chronic nonspecific lung diseases by mass questioning

Brodskaya A.M., Nizamov I.G., Burkova Z.S., Smirnova A.A.

Abstract

For early detection of patients with chronic lung diseases, we used a simple and publicly available questionnaire proposed by Professor G.A. Smirnov. 527 railway workers (355 men and 172 women), who are under the supervision of a road clinic, were interviewed. The survey was carried out simultaneously with mass fluorography, which made it possible to reduce the time spent by respondents and medical personnel to a minimum.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):69-69
pages 69-69 views

Immunological reactivity and functional state of the adrenal cortex in patients with chronic pneumonia

Shelygina N.M., Dyadicheva T.A., Zaretsky M.M., Sirotin V.I., Vakhtina T.I., Osychnyuk V.I.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to study the immunological reactivity and functional state of the adrenal cortex in patients with chronic pneumonia (XII).

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):69-70
pages 69-70 views

The value of nocturia syndrome in diseases of internal organs

Ivanov Y.M., Volnova I.Y.

Abstract

In order to clarify the diagnostic significance of nocturia in various diseases, including kidney diseases, we were tasked with clarifying the frequency of nocturia in diseases of internal organs and in healthy individuals; to compare the revealed irregularities of the hydruresis biorhythm with the functional state of the examined kidneys.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):70-71
pages 70-71 views

Mass tuberculin diagnostics in students

Vishnevskaya L.K.

Abstract

The study of sensitivity to tuberculin in the context of a decreasing incidence of tuberculosis and changes in its intensity under the influence of therapeutic and prophylactic measures is of great epidemiological interest. The use of a single tuberculin Mantoux test with 2 TE PPD-L standard tuberculin allows for mass examinations of young people in different climatogeographic epidemiological zones and makes it easier to compare its results.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):71-71
pages 71-71 views

Dependence of long-term outcomes on the duration of inpatient treatment of patients with focal pulmonary tuberculosis

Uporova E.F., Petrov K.P., Prokopyev D.I.

Abstract

The long-term results of treatment of 265 patients with focal form of pulmonary tuberculosis were studied, depending on the duration of the first stage of therapy in the hospital. 73.5% of the surveyed were men. At the optimum working age - from 20 to 50 years - there were 79.8% of patients. In half of the patients, the disease was detected during fluorographic examinations, in the rest - when the clinical minimum of examination of persons who sought medical help in the general medical network was fulfilled. Symptoms of intoxication of varying severity were noted in 43.4% of patients, isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis according to bacteriological research - in 21.8%. A unilateral process was diagnosed in 68.7%, a bilateral process in 31.3%. Almost half of the patients (41.1%) suffered from concomitant diseases, of which 4.8% - alcoholism and the same - gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):72-72
pages 72-72 views

Vaccination history in children with thymus hyperplasia

Krasnoperova K.E.

Abstract

Children with thymic hyperplasia have a sharply increased sensitivity to the action of various external stimuli and to changes in homeostasis. They tend to develop dysfunctions of various systems, in particular the respiratory system, which is manifested by frequent colds with a protracted course and the formation of an allergic component.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):72-73
pages 72-73 views

Complamin as a pathogenetic agent in the treatment of patients with viral hepatitis

Zhernakova T.V., Nyrkova A.N.

Abstract

We have included in the complex therapy of patients with serum hepatitis the Yugoslav drug komplamin, which is a salt of nicotinic acid and xanthine base.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):73-74
pages 73-74 views

About an overly mobile cecum

Pushkarev N.I.

Abstract

Excessive mobility of the right half of the large intestine was first described by Gruber in 1868.It happens in the presence of its own, common partial and common mesentery, often causes intestinal obstruction, in some cases it manifests itself from childhood with daytime short-term paroxysmal pain in the right half of the abdomen, arising, as a rule , after physical exertion "sometimes radiating to the lower back, gradually increasing. Objectively, in this case, the abdomen is soft, painful with deep feeling and rumbling in the right iliac region; radiographically revealed a significant displacement under the ileoclonal angle.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):74-74
pages 74-74 views

Pathology of ENT organs in gastroenterological patients

Yagudin K.F., Savchenko N.A., Gordievsky I.D., Mazurenko V.P.

Abstract

Pathological changes in the ENT organs in patients with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are quite common. We examined 107 patients (75 men and 32 women) with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, who were treated in the gastroenterological department of the city hospital No. 4 in Voroshilovgrad. 74 of them had gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, 15 had chronic cholecystohepatitis, 7 had cirrhosis of the liver, 7 had chronic pancreatitis, 2 had ulcerative colitis and 2 had chronic gastritis with reduced secretory function.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):75-75
pages 75-75 views

Disability with hip fractures

Prokhorov V.P., Talye N.I.

Abstract

The issues of medical and labor expertise of cervical hip fractures are insufficiently covered in the literature. We analyzed the materials of the traumatological VTEK of the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, where for five years (1973-1977) 91 patients with femoral neck fractures were examined for the first time (which amounted to 14.2% of all patients with femoral fractures). The average age of patients with hip fractures was significantly higher than the age of patients with other injuries, in particular with diaphyseal hip fractures (48.1 and 36.5 years, respectively). Nevertheless, the idea of ​​a hip fracture as a sad lot of the elderly is not entirely true: 58% of those surveyed were under 50 years of age. The vast majority of patients (up to 80%) underwent surgical treatment, which reflects the current active surgical tactics in this pathology. Basically, only patients with impacted valgus fractures (10 people) were not operated on.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):75-76
pages 75-76 views

Prospects for higher medical education in the Russian Federation

Minnebaev M.M., Anisimov V.E.

Abstract

On December 24 and 25, 1980, in Orenburg, the III All-Russian educational and methodological conference "Scientific foundations of the organization of the educational process", organized by the GUUZ M3 of the RSFSR and the Republican Problem Commission for NUPP, took place.

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):76-78
pages 76-78 views

II All-Union Symposium on Immunology of Reproduction. (16-18 / XII 1980, Moscow)

Sadykov B.G.

Abstract

The symposium was attended by the chairman of the International Coordinating Committee for Immunology of Reproduction and the International Association for Immunology of Reproduction, Acad. K. S. Bratanov (Bulgaria) and Secretary General Professor I. I. Sokolovskaya (USSR).

Kazan medical journal. 1981;62(4):78-78
pages 78-78 views


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