Vol 20, No 4 (1924)

Beginning in 1921, in the literature, more and more often there are reports of posttyphoid chondritis, which are a complication, mainly of typhus and relapsing fever. Mass cases of these defeats were in connection with the experience experienced in 1919-21. a huge epidemic of the indicated typhus. Until that time, cases of costal chondritis were described as complications of typhoid fever (Lampe, Harz bec ker); then it was indicated necrosis of costal cartilage after scarlet fever and, in general, diseases caused by the development of infection (cited by M. Zabludovsky).

The motives that prompted me to publish the case of multicameral echinococcus of the liver observed in our Clinic are, firstly, the comparative rarity of this disease in general and its relative frequency in our area, secondly, the difficulty of in vivo recognition of this disease and, finally, the rarity of metastases in multichamber echinococcus, especially brain metastases.

The epidemic of typhus and relapsing fever that swept across Russia over the past three years, hunger and the associated malnutrition have brought to a prominent place in surgical practice a still rare and poorly developed disease - perichondritis and purulent chondritis.

One of the most difficult tasks of obstetric and gynecological diagnostics in some cases is to establish a diagnosis of early pregnancy, or to distinguish it from some diseases. In the absence of at least one specific symptom inherent only in pregnancy at the beginning of its development, we, when diagnosing pregnancy in its early stages, have to use a number of only more or less probable signs.

The traumatic material of lesions of the nervous system sometimes presents to the attention of the researcher cases that are interesting from a topical and physiological point of view, involuntarily forcing them to be compared with an exquisite laboratory experiment. Particularly interesting are the cases of isolated lesions of individual nerve pathways with the integrity of the remaining sections.

The question of the "reaction" of the fluids of the human body is not entirely new, but only in the last few years, mainly during the war years, it has attracted the general attention of biologists, physiologists and doctors around the world. Only now are more or less broad prospects emerging, which the development of this question promises for physiology, diagnostics, and therapy. Therefore, I ask the reader to arm yourself with patience in order to overcome the preliminary physico-chemical part of this review.

Experimental attempts to prove the possibility of infection with relapsing fever by means of bug bites, produced by Dunn'om (Bui. De rinst. Past., 1924, No. 1) on white mice and rats, led to negative results.

The observed Bittorf'oM appearance in the peripheral blood of a patient with chronic endocarditis and hemorrhagic diathesis of endothelial cells due to rubbing of the blood sampling site (ear lobe) was given to Dr. P. Dvizhkov (Virch. Arch. F. Path. An., Bd. 245, 1923) thought to trace this phenomenon to patients with typhus.

A new surgical method for the treatment of hydrocephalus ipt. chron. in children suggested by Hildebrand (Archiv 1. klinische Chir., Bd. 127). An incision of the soft parts to the bone along the supraorbital line and 1-2 cm. downward; under the periosteal compartment of the orbital roof, then knocking out a hole (1½ - 2 cm. squared) in the orbital roof, which is easy due to the small thickness of the bone.

Swiss surgeons Winterstein from the Zurich Clinic (Mönatschr. F. Unfallheilk. U. Versicherungsmed., No.io, S. 217-226, 1922) and Trutmann, based on data from the Swiss stakhovsky office for 1919 and 1920 (Rv. Suisse des ace. tea travail, No. 1, p. 1-7; No. 2, p. 25-32, 1923) provide a large statistical material on the issue of fractures of the shin.

Diagnosis of tuberculous spondylitis in adults, especially in the absence of kyphosis and a characteristic response to the load of the spine, is often very difficult. Barré (Bulk méd., No. 10, 1923) advises in such cases to pay special attention to various "neuralgic" phenomena, unilateral increase in tendon reflexes and Babinsk'oro symptom, as well as to limited rigidity of the spinal muscles.

The treatment of chronic congenital dislocations of the hip joint is still a very difficult task for the surgeon. Therefore, the simple method of operation recommended for this kind of deformity by Hahn deserves special attention (Münch, med. Wochenschr., No. 3, 1923), namely, subtrochanteric osteotomy of the femur with insertion of a distal fragment into the acetabulum in the position of easy extension, combined, in cases of unilateral dislocation, with a small abduction. The latter compensates for the shortening of the leg by approximately 1 cm.

The principle of preserving as much of the limb as possible during amputation does not always stand up to criticism in cases where limb prosthetics is meant. hinderliche) zones: 1) the lower 6 cm of the thigh, the preservation of which interferes with the fit of a properly seated prosthesis, the knee joint of which has to be made below the height of the knee joint; 2) the upper 8-10 cm of the tibia, which stump easily jumps out of the shin sleeve and at the same time is too short for the implementation of movements in the knee; 3) lower legs 6 cm, while maintaining which it is impossible to arrange over the stump of the prosthesis without lengthening the length of the prosthetic leg, which also requires lengthening and a healthy leg by means of special orthopedic shoes; 4) tains and calcaneus, since the Schopart'ov stump is generally inconvenient for fitting the prosthesis.

As you know, the generally accepted method of managing the afterbirth period in obstetrics is the one in which the separation of the placenta from the uterine wall is left to the forces of nature, while the isolation from the genital canal is artificial, according to the Credé method.

According to G. Richter's observations (report in Zentr. F. Gyn., 1923, No. 35), in assessing this value, a strict distinction must be made between pregnant women in the early stages of pregnancy, on the one hand, and pregnant women in the later stages, and also by women in labor and parturient women shortly after childbirth, on the other: while in the former a positive RW indicates the presence of lues, in the latter it cannot be given the same diagnostic value to a positive result.

Summing up everything that has been established on this issue after 12 years of discussion, Winter (Zentr. F. Gyn., 1923, no. 38) comes to the conclusion that, since the presence of fever in an abortion is proved, it is necessary to examine the contents of the lower part of the sleeve for cash hemolytic streptococci.

Bumm (Zeitschr. F. Geb. u. Gyn., Bd. LXXXV, Heft 3) claims that this operation is one of the best means for eliminating infertility in women with uterus infantilis.

On the basis of experimental research Kross (Amer, journ. Ofobst., 1922; ref. Zentr. F. Gyn., 1923, no. 35) found that leaving the ovaries after removal of the uterus does not guarantee against the disorders inherent in menopause.

On the basis of literature data and their own observations, Barabas and Tordau (Arch. F. Kind., Bd. 72) concluded that protein therapy in infancy can be applied only within narrow limits.

Decalcification of teeth and bones under the influence of diet is experimentally proved by Howe (Journ. Of America. Med. Assoc., No. 19, 1922). Feeding guinea pigs with special food that causes scorbutic phenomena, the author observed, after 14 weeks, a clear loss of lime in the teeth of animals, accompanied by atrophy of the alveolar processes, elongation and loosening of the teeth, as well as a slight occurrence of a carious process in them.

Since the existing hypotheses about the causes of spasmophilia (lack of calcium, dysfunction of the thymus or parathyroid glands, alkaloa or guanidine poisoning) cannot be considered completely convincing, prof. P. Reuher (Kl. W., 1923, No. 4-5) is looking for its cause in vitamin deficiency.

Based on the work of Abels'a, Reucheg'a and Zuntz'a, it can be assumed that some cases of premature birth do not occur from mechanical causes, syphilis, etc., but due to a lack of vitamins in the mother's food during pregnancy.

The bio-physiological significance of light, natural and artificial, continues to be of great interest to many physiologists and physicians. In this still under-explored area of therapy, some clarity is brought about by the recently emerging experimental clinical study of St. Rothman'a (Zeitschr. F. Allg. Exp. Medizin, B. 36, H. 4/6) on the physiological effect of light.

Opitz (ex. Zentrf. Gyn., 1923, no. 27) completely denies the direct harmful effect of X-rays and radium rays on cancer cells. In his opinion, the beneficial effect of rays in cancer depends on their general effect on the patient's body and the effect on the connective tissue surrounding the cancer nests.

Prof. S. S. Zimnitsky made a report entitled "Results of functional searches in the pathology of gastric cells" (see the article by prof. 3. on this topic in the March book of the "Journal" for the current year).

Dr. Yu. A. Ratner reported a case of a tumor originating from a kidney capsule and found to be fibromyxolipoma. The report was accompanied by a demonstration of the patient and drugs.

April 30 this year the 70th anniversary of the birth of prof. physiology of Kazan University. Nikolai Alexandrovich Mislavsky. The faculty elected a committee for the organization of the anniversary celebration consisting of: the rector of the University, prof. V.V. Chirkovsky, deputy. Dean Venerable I. S. Alufa, prof. M. N. Cheboxarov and A. V. Vishnevsky, a representative from students N. V. Inyushkin and one of the doctors working in the laboratory prof. N. A. Mislavsky. The committee was instructed to expand its membership by inviting representatives of other faculties of the Kazan University and local organizations, as well as nonresident and foreign scientists.