Vol 82, No 2 (2001)

Under the conditions of an increasing ecologically unfavorable situation and the increasing influence of a large number of anthropogenic influences, the resistance of the child's body decreases, which inevitably manifests itself in an increase in morbidity [5]. In recent years, the so-called eco-dependent states, which affect the nature of the course of many pathological processes, have been allocated to an independent group [1,2]. Thus, more and more often, inflammatory processes in children are initially low-symptom, without causing a real danger, but later on, the manifestation of the disease, which threatens the child's life, quickly occurs [4]. Therefore, the tactics of prenosological diagnostics based on the development of new sensitive indicator systems for testing health reserves is acquiring special relevance.

The new method of respiratory therapy in unilateral bronchopulmonary obstruction for immediate influence on the pathologic focus is developed and introduced into practice. The selective catheterization method of the lobar bronchus through minitracheostomy using endoscopic control is applied. The analysis of the obtained results showed the reliable and qualitative optimization of the parameters of respiration, gas metabolism acid-base state indices and hemodynamics resulting in the reliable decrease of mortality.

The aim of the study was to reveal chelicobacteriosis in patients with various diseases of the gastroenteric tract. It is established that it was often revealed in stomach and duodenal ulcer. The infection of patients increases in the group of persons aged 21 to 30 (63,0 ± 5,9%) and is kept at the level of 59 — 61% in elder age groups. The best place for taking bioptates on chelicobacteriosis is the mucous membane of the stomach anthral part.

The decrease of selenium concentration in liver tissue as well as the decrease of activity of superoxyddismutase and catalase, as well as the increase of peroxide lipid oxidation in carbon tetrachloride toxic lession are shown on rats. Simultaneous injection of legalone prevents the decrease of activity of superoxyddismutase and catalase but doesn’t recover the decreased concentration of selenium and only partially decreases the increased peroxide lipid oxidation in liver tissue.

The use of the roentgen and computer tomography in the diagnosis of osteochondrosis of the vertebral column lumbar part is studied. This diagnosis method makes it possible to reveal protrusions, prolapses of intervertebral disks in 100% of the cases. The radiation diagnosis algorythm and indications to performance of the open or laser paracentetic diskectomy are developed. The suggested radiation diagnosis algoiythm using the roentgen computer tomography makes it possible to visualize all structures of vertebro-motor segments promoting the choice of the most rational treatment method of discogenic lumbosacral radiculitis.

The psychic development of 79 children aged 0 to 3 years, after the birth of whom mothers had the manifastory bout of schizophrenia, is analyzed. The development stage of children aged 0 to 3 years Ж characterized by the dissociation of psychic development as nonuniformity and not rare pronounced arrest of speech function development, social hygienic habits, thin motility, emotional sphere deficiency, its dissociation, breaking the communication connections in the “mother—child” system, high rate of clinically differentiated psychopathologic phenomena.

In the development of many diseases and pathological conditions, an important role belongs to hemocoagulation disorders, which are often realized in the form of clinical and laboratory symptoms combined into disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome (DIC). Much fundamental research has been devoted to the study of the biochemical and morphological manifestations of this syndrome [2, 3, 5, 6], but the data presented are often contradictory, and with the advent of new theoretical concepts and methodological techniques, they require revision. Adequate laboratory diagnosis of DIC should be based on a clear understanding of its pathogenesis, without which the correct interpretation of the variable and sometimes paradoxical results of laboratory diagnostic studies is impossible.

The aim of the work was a histochemical study of the dynamics of biologically active substances (BAS) in the structure of peripheral blood in patients with cochleo-vestibular dysfunction. The results of traditional therapeutic treatment with the use of intravenous laser blood irradiation (ILBI) in 35 patients with sensorineural hearing loss (NBT) and Meniere's disease (BM) are presented. 15 of them had acute NBT, 5 had chronic NBT, and 15 had BM. The age of the patients ranged from 17 to 67 years. There were 15 men and 20 women. Otoneurological examination of patients was carried out using audiometric and vestibular tests.

Three-atrial heart (cor triatriatum) is a rare congenital malformation. However, the possibility of its combination with a very common atrial septal defect (ASD), as well as its anatomical variability, can lead to an erroneous choice of treatment tactics for patients, fraught with serious consequences.

2/3 of all diseases of the nervous system in children begin to develop in the perinatal period. In recent decades, great strides have been made in perinatal neurology in the development of criteria for early diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Further study of the biochemical foundations of perinatal lesions of the nervous system with the definition of objective markers of the severity of the lesion will reveal new links in its pathogenesis and develop more effective methods of treatment.

Due to the peculiarities of the anatomical structure of the metacarpal-carpal joints - a small range of motion in them, a strong ligamentous connection between the bases of the metacarpal bones and the distal row of the wrist bones - pure dislocations of the metacarpal bones are rare. More often they are accompanied by intra-articular fractures of the bases of the metacarpal bones or even the bones of the distal row of the wrist with a violation of the correct ratio of the bones that form the metacarpal-carpal joints.

The medicodemographic characteristic and medicosocial estimation of the incidence of cardiovascular diseases in Tatarstan Republic in the nineties of the 20^th century are given. The growth оf mortality and initial disability due to cardiovascular diseases in persons capable of working is revealed. Among blood circulation diseases the largest growth rates of mortality and initial disability were characteristic for patients with hypertension capable of working.

Normal intestinal microflora includes tens and hundreds of species, and their total number in an adult reaches 1014 microorganisms per 1 g of feces [7]. The basis of normal human microflora are obligate-anaerobic bifidobacteria, lactobacilli and bacteroids, the number of which is several orders of magnitude higher than the content of aerobic intestinal bacteria. In recent years, representatives of other anaerobic groups - Anaerovibrio, Butyrivibrio - have been found in the normal intestinal microflora, the biological and clinical significance of which is under study [7].

In recent years, in the works devoted to medical bioethics, the idea is persistently carried out that “traditional paternalism is increasingly leaving Russian medicine and partnership principles in the doctor-patient relationship are being established on a legal basis”. This position is presented as something self-evident, does not require special evidence, as the ultimate truth [1]. However, this is not entirely true, or, more precisely, it is not at all true.

The 65th anniversary of the birth of Nina Vasilievna Pigalova, Honored Doctor of the Republic of Tatarstan, doctor of the highest category, Honorary Worker of the Sanitary Service of the Russian Federation, Chief State Sanitary Doctor of Kazan.

As you know, in many countries of the world, environmental pollution continues to increase, and researchers believe that the world is already on the eve of irreversible changes, that we are all at the last line. Nevertheless, many scientists substantiate a completely possible way out of the "ecological trap" if immediately, from the beginning of the XXI century, to deploy a planetary struggle to save the Earth for people. Scientific forecasting of the planned international environmental programs is of great importance.