Vol 19, No 3 (1923)

The question about the innervation of the tendon m. quadricipitis and its extensions-retinaculorum et lig. patellae, besides its anatomical value, is of great importance for physiology and clinic of nervous diseases, because the position of reflex arches of knee and hamstring reflexes is determined by the relevant studies. I have not found any literary material on this issue, so I will limit myself to referring to the authors who describe nerve branches in the area of the knee joint in passing with the data obtained by my personal research.

Beginning in 1919, we began to use salvarsan preparations in one of the hospitals in Kazan for relapsing typhus. Patients usually came to us on the 3rd-4th day of the 1st attack or in apyrexia, between the 1st and 2nd attacks. Immediately upon admission, blood was taken from each patient and, in case of a bacteriologically positive result, the patient received an infusion of salvarsan.

The extremely low number of orthopedic care centers, given the enormous distances in our country, the poor transportation, and the lack of culture of the population, leads to the fact that our orthopedic institutions deal almost exclusively with neglected cases of deformities in general and congenital clubfoot in particular. In addition, if we take into consideration that the bed capacity of our orthopedic institutions is comparatively very small, and the number of orthopedic patients is enormous, and moreover each such patient requires long-term medical supervision, it becomes absolutely clear that orthopedic care should be taken outside of special institutions, bring it closer to the masses and include orthopedic methods of treatment in the practice of a rural doctor, who can start treatment of congenital deformities from the very first days of birth, with the help of a doctor who has the opportunity to provide treatment to children. This article is prompted by these very motives, in which I try to present, in a concise form, those of the modern methods of treating clubfoot which can be carried out in the conditions of a rural hospital.

From among the methods of gynecological therapy very widespread have recently gained to themselves, in Kazan, injections into the uterus, using a syringe Vratsun, or a mixture of t-rae jodi in half with alcohol, or Grammaticati mixture (the same mixture of iodine tincture with wine alcohol, but with the addition of 5% aluminol). These injections are used not only for the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the female genital sphere, for which purpose they were at one time actually recommended by Prof. Grammaticati, but also as a measure to prevent conception, on the one hand, and as a means to terminate an already occurring pregnancy, especially in its early stages.

Research Acad. I.P. Pavlov, concerning the study of the functions of the higher parts of the central nervous system, the general results of which are summed up by his recently published book "Twenty Years of Objective Study of the Higher Nervous Activity of Animals," belong to rare and exceptional events in the history of science, area, a strong stream suddenly appears, saturated with the dynamics of a new methodology, a large and sharply outlined boundary is immediately erected, denoting a new era here, and the further development of this area along a new path is predetermined, constantly, as it moves, opening up new and new perspectives and enlivening the work of further by asking questions.

In a number of cases of simple anemia the author found no effect of arsenic treatment in the sense of increasing erythroprev, although the weight of patients increased. The author was able to note the presence of signs of hypothyroidism in these patients.

Infectious chondritis is especially common after typhus, less often after relapsing fever, but sometimes also after typhoid fever and "Spanish flu". Their clinical picture is rather monotonous: blunt pain is often observed, and then there is swelling in the rib cartilage area.

To treat the incipient angiosclerotic gangrene it is necessary to regulate the outflow of blood so that the laws of blood circulation are not changed, regulate it more precisely. For this purpose it is necessary to transfer the outflow from the superficial system to the deep one in the desired area, which can be achieved by applying a number of ligatures over the anastomosis.

In 1915, Wieland isolated from the plant lobelia inflata a crystalline substance-lobelin (C₂₃H₈₉O₂N). Its chloride salt is most easily soluble in water, which decomposes in old solutions, taking yellow coloring and pleasant smell of acetophenone. Wieland's lobelia is a respiratory center irritant.

Using this type of treatment, in the form of intramuscular injections of albuzole (first 5 cc, then 2 cc), in 30 patients with putrid and septic miscarriages, Simon got very good results (none of the patients died).

Treatment with radium and Röntgen rays of inoperable uterine cancers in 15% gives a stable recovery of patients, meaning the absence of recurrences for 5 years or more.

The pathology of motor disorders was, until recently, mainly a pathology of the pyramidal pathway, except for the maintenance of general body balance during standing and walking, for which the cerebellum and its connections were involved. The function of the other centrifugal pathways remained unclear.

With scurvy, the body's ability to resist infection is reduced, which is expressed, by the way, in children with scurvy, in the frequent occurrence of pinlocystitis, and in animals with experimental scorbutum - conjunctivitis, etc.

The authors report their observations of children with undoubted tuberculosis (bone, gland, or skin) who slowly developed a thickening in one lobe of the lung (often the upper right lobe) with blunted percussion and bronchial breathing over the thickened lobe, but without rales and mostly without fever.

On the basis of a study of the extensive literature, Schlag concludes that the Hb amount in the 1st period of syphilis is normal or slightly decreased; in the 2nd period there is usually a decrease, especially at the beginning, with a drop in Hb often by 20-30%; in the 3rd period, there is also often a decrease.

This manual does not actually refer to medical microbiologists, but to naturalistic microbiologists. The methods of medical and clinical bacteriology, such as infection of animals, immunity reactions, rearing dathogenic microbes, etc., are not deliberately touched upon by the author. Nevertheless, both the physician and the veterinarian will find much that is rare, useful, and instructive in this book.

The author's work is based on material on chest wounds, which passed through the 2nd Red Cross Hospital in Warsaw during the last war, and observations made by the author during his time in charge of the 1st Yaroslavl mobile surgical hospital of the Red Cross.