Vol 60, No 6 (1979)

The United Nations, on the initiative of the progressive forces, proclaimed 1979 the International Year of the Child.

More modern views on epidemiology, pathogenesis, genetics, obesity clinics in children are presented; the classification of obesity in children, the evolutionary scheme and characteristics of the "adiposus-genotype" were developed, the principles of predicting the risk of morbidity from constitutional-exogenous obesity were determined, the features of the symptoms of the disease and dynamics depending on the inherited morphotype, new approaches to therapy and prevention of this form of obesity were described.

The study included 100 children with acute respiratory viral infections: 30 with adenovirus infection, 26 with influenza, 112 with respiratory syncytial infection, 9 with parainfluenza and 123 with mixed viral infections. In all children, the disease was complicated by pneumonia, predominantly staphylococcal in nature. Viral-staphylococcal pneumonia was more often recorded in children under the age of 1 year; their course was especially severe, toxic forms with neurotoxicosis, encephalitic reaction, cardiac and severe respiratory failure with obstructive syndrome prevailed. Due to the timely use of syndromic, complex antibacterial and stimulating therapy, 96 children experienced a complete clinical recovery.

A review of the principles and methods of dealing with the syndrome of respiratory disorders in newborns described in the literature is presented, the author's method of creating a constant positive airway pressure in newborns born with this syndrome is presented. The positive and negative aspects of the method are noted.

Some immunological mechanisms of food and drug allergy in children have been studied. It was found that the indicators of humoral immunity (immunoglobulins A, M and G, Shelley test, Wanier reaction) depend on the form of allergic dermatoses

In 40 children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purshura, thrombocytokinetics were studied taking into account humoral antiplatelet antibody production during treatment. It was stated that there was no statistically significant difference in thrombocytokinetics in positive and negative immunological tests, which confirms the immunological nature of the disease, regardless of the form of its manifestation. It has been established that steroid therapy “has a prolonging effect on the course of the disease.

According to the data of clinical observations (377 patients), coli infection "Crimea" in most children is mild, has an acute or abortive course. Vomiting, lethargy, decreased appetite were noted in 1.8% of children, mainly of early age. 34% of children had loose or semi-liquid stools with mucus. There were no symptoms of hemocolitis. Treatment with neomycin antibiotics or nitrofuran drugs was equally effective.

Study of the epidemiological effectiveness of intramuscular administration of anti-influenza donor gamma globulin to children for the purpose of prophylaxis during the seasonal rise in the incidence of influenza and ARVI in January-February 1976 and 1977. in preschool groups in Togliatti showed that the coefficient of epidemiological protection reaches 1.67-2.47. Intranasal use of interferon in the context of mass prophylaxis for children 3-7 years old in the dose recommended by the instruction, as well as in double the concentration of the effect did not give

An ECG examination was performed in 62 patients before and 1 year after mitral commissurotomy. It was shown that 3 leads of the Frankovsk system have the same sensitivity in detecting the reverse development of hypertrophy of the left atrium and main ventricle, as 12 conventional leads. Symptoms of left ventricular hypertrophy appeared in 25 patients (40.3%) in orthogonal and conventional leads

The study of the electric charge and the content of lipids, erythrocytes in 78 patients with atherosclerosis of stages I and III was carried out. A decrease in the electrophoretic mobility of erythrocytes and a change in the ratio of the main lipid components in the membrane, which naturally increase with the progression of the atherosclerotic process, have been stated.

In the specialized department of neonatal pathology in 1975, an increase in mortality was registered in comparison with 1974 by 1.7 times.

The release of a large number of new drugs and their use for treatment at home with careless storage often lead to accidental poisoning of children.

Due to insufficient study of the issue of susceptibility of preschool children to periodontal disease and other periodontal diseases, we examined the condition of teeth, periodontal disease and occlusion in 275 children aged 3 to 6 years in two kindergartens

We observed 62 patients with an active phase of rheumatism. 50 of them received glucocorticoid steroids in combination with anabolic drugs, 12 patients who did not receive anabolic drugs constituted the control group.

Toxicoallergic epidermal necrolysis, or Lyell's syndrome, according to its clinical course, frequency of complications and prognosis, is one of the most severe forms of drug allergy.

The results of treatment of 45 patients with malignant tumors of the nasopharynx are presented. Radiation therapy was carried out in 32 of them, a combination of distance and application gamma therapy - 4, radiation therapy in combination with chemotherapy - 7, 1 patient underwent Kreil surgery and external carotid artery ligation - also 1. The survival rate within 5 years was 33.3%.

The prospects and reserves of reducing child mortality are considered on the basis of its analysis based on the materials of the Aznakaevskaya Central Regional Hospital. A set of organizational measures aimed at further strengthening the health of the child population in the region is presented.

A comprehensive examination of 924 patients with various forms of purulent-septic diseases was carried out. Multivariate analysis using bacteriological, immunological and epidemiological research methods showed that in most cases, the causative agent of the disease is staphylococcus aureus. There has been an increase in recent years in the proportion of gram-negative microorganisms (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, Proteus, Klebsiella) in the etiology of purulent-septic infections.

The influence of some methods of improving the quality of water (clarification, chlorination, ozonation) on its purification from N-nitrosamines (HA) and the degree of stability of the latter in water of reservoirs has been studied. The high efficiency of using carbon filters and ozonation as methods for neutralizing water contaminated with HA is shown. The HA ozonation products did not have the ability to induce tumors in animals, in contrast to the original HA.

The Scientific Society of Endocrinologists of the TASSR was organized in 1970.