Vol 42, No 4 (1961)

From the first days of its existence, the Soviet government proclaimed the responsibility of the state for the health of its citizens.

Although the great importance of anamnesis in the recognition and treatment of sore throats and their complications is well known, however, the features of anamnestic data in various forms of these diseases and the possibility of practical use of these features to clarify certain aspects of pathogenesis, body reactivity and individualization of the prescribed treatment have so far been little studied.

A fairly extensive literature is devoted to the study of protein fractions of blood serum in chronic nonspecific pneumonia, but only a few authors used the electrophoretic method for this purpose.

Diagnosis of pleuro-pulmonary diseases (pleurisy, pleuropneumonia, diaphragmitis) occurring with the abdominal symptomcomplex presents significant difficulties in practical work, being often a source of diagnostic errors. The abdominal syndrome of pleuro-pulmonary diseases is explained by the predominance in the clinical picture of such important symptoms as abdominal pain, tension of the abdominal muscles, pain on palpation, irritation of the peritoneum, and vomiting. All these symptoms are known to be characteristic of acute surgical abdominal pathology. Their occurrence in pleuro-pulmonary diseases is due to the innervation relationships between the organs of the chest and abdominal cavities.

Metacin - iodomethylate of dimethyl-aminoethyl ether of benzyl acid - was synthesized at the All-Russian Research Institute of Chemical Physics and Engineering. White crystalline powder, melting point 192-195 °. It has anticholinergic activity, the nature of the action is close to atropine, however, it differs from atropine in its effect on various cholinergic systems.

Until now, it is not clear how often perforation or profuse bleeding occurs in malignant gastric ulcers.

The husband is the culprit in sterile marriage, according to literature data, in 35-50%; according to our data - 39.7%.

Treatment of children suffering from rickets and dystrophy with vitamin D alone does not give the desired effect. It is necessary to introduce other vitamins (E. M. Lepsky, I. V. Tsimbler, E. S. Birger, H. L. Emdina, K. A. Svyatkina). There are indications (IV Tsimbler, AM Petrunkina) that in the pathogenesis of dystrophy, combined with rickets, an important role is played by a violation of thiamine metabolism (endogenous hypovitaminosis).

We had to observe two severe cases of anaphylactic reaction to penicillin when its particles penetrate through the respiratory tract. One of the cases was fatal. In another, as a result of long-term desensitizing therapy, it was possible to practically significantly weaken the body's sensitivity to this antibiotic.

Recently, cases of candidal complications of antibiotic therapy have been described by many authors.

Aplastic anemia was first described by Ehrlich in 1888.
The main syndrome of aplastic anemia (myelophthisic anemia) is the depletion of all three bone marrow growths - granulocytic, platelet and erythroid. The myelogram in this disease is characterized by extreme poverty of uniform elements. Active bone marrow undergoes continuous fatty degeneration. In the peripheral blood, leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia (pancytopenia) develop.

The problem of X-ray diagnostics of effusion pleurisy is, first of all, questions of the research methodology, which cannot be considered completely resolved. This is confirmed by by no means rare cases when, with a negative result of an X-ray examination, clinicians establish the presence of fluid and confirm this by a pleural puncture. Of course, this applies to small effusions, nevertheless reaching 300-400 ml (GR Rubinstein, AE Prozorov, Zuppinger, Hirsch, Vakhtler).

The attention of clinicians-neurologists is increasingly attracted by the cranio-cervical region, which was previously undeservedly "in the shadow of the saddle and pyramids." A careful X-ray examination, in comparison with clinical data, reveals characteristic changes that sometimes explain unclear cerebral and cerebellar syndromes, high spinal phenomena that simulate clinically multiple sclerosis, syringomyelia, etc.

Pregnancy in both fallopian tubes simultaneously is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy. According to the materials of our Institute, for 10 years (1949-1958) for 1140 operations for ectopic pregnancy there were 3 cases of bilateral tubal pregnancy (0.38%).

In 1957, a blood transfusion was used for the first time in the district hospital, which is prepared according to the "two-stage" method.

This report presents the results of studying the nutrition of children of preschool boarding schools in Kazan. The study of nutrition was carried out in 10 kindergartens: in 4 kindergartens, in 4 nurseries and in 2 children's homes.

Our research at the Kazan felt-felt mill and the Kukmorsk felt-and-shoe factory found that in the preparatory shops, when processing heavily contaminated, not previously washed wool, high concentrations of dust are created.

Исполнилось 60 лет со дня выхода в свет первого номера «Казанского медицинского журнала». С 1901 по 1961 гг. в нем было опубликовано свыше 400 акушерско- гинекологических статей, присланных из различных местностей СССР. Авторами были как научные работники, так и практические врачи. Кроме исторической ценности, многие из этих статей не потеряли актуальности и в условиях современности, чем и оправдывается опубликование настоящего обзора в наши дни.

The idea of opening hospital clinics, aimed at bringing teaching closer to hospital, that is, hospital conditions, belongs to N.I. Pirogov. He was the first to head the hospital surgical clinic and proved its vitality at the Medical-Surgical Academy in St. Petersburg. Then hospital surgical clinics were opened in Moscow and Dorpat. Since 1860, hospital clinics were opened in Kazan, organized on the basis of a hospital ordered by a public charity (hereinafter - the provincial zemstvo hospital).

Existing flat screening gratings are designed to screen out secondary radiation during X-ray examinations to obtain a clear and contrasting image of the objects being shot. The disadvantage of most of them is the dependence of the speed of the raster movement on temperature and cocking the raster for manual operation. We managed to design and manufacture a grating, which is set in motion without preliminary winding of the raster, for this purpose we used an electric motor. The latter sets in motion the entire movable mechanism of the lattice

Among modern instrumental methods, electrocardiography is one of the oldest. Almost 60 years of its history illustrate the fruitfulness of the relationship between physiology and clinic in the use and study of the method of electrophysiological study of the heart. The simplicity and availability of modern equipment, together with the exceptional capabilities of the ECG to see intimate, in the words of A.F. Samoilov, processes in the myocardium made this research method necessary in the wide practice of a therapist, pediatrician, and infectious disease specialist. The desire of doctors to master electrocardiography and its further development in the service of the clinic is understandable. At the same time, a purely morphological analysis of the electrical curve of the heart often leads to erroneous interpretation of electrocardiographic abnormalities, both with overestimation and underestimation of their value in each individual case.

The introduction of anticoagulants for the treatment of thrombosis and embolism has made it possible to carry out active therapy in these severe pathological conditions. Therefore, the interest of doctors in the 2nd edition of the monograph by prof. Eberhard Perlik "Anticoagulants", which both in the GDR and in the USSR sold out soon after its publication.

The conference, organized by the Kazan City Department of Health and the Scientific Society of Oncologists, was opened by the Minister of Health of the TASSR R. Yu. Yarmukhametova.
3. V. Golbert (Moscow) emphasized that the diagnosis of a precancerous condition should be made not only on the basis of morphological data, but with the obligatory consideration of the entire clinical picture.