Vol 69, No 1 (1988)

Role and interaction of humoral factors in allergy pathogenesis

Tolpegina T.B.

Abstract

Currently, the problem of allergies is one of the leading problems in human pathology. In recent years there has been an increase in the frequency of allergic diseases everywhere, especially in countries with a high level of urbanization. The incidence of allergies is about 10% of other forms of pathology, and sometimes exceeds this figure, which is explained by frequent contact with different allergens, shifts in the ecological sphere, etc. There is an increase in the frequency of allergic diseases in children, especially in the first years of life, caused by irrational nutrition of pregnant women, toxicosis, frequent artificial feeding due to hypogalactia and other factors. The severity of allergic manifestations has also increased.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):1-5
pages 1-5 views

General principles of diagnosis and treatment of emergency conditions

Salikhov I.G., Latfullin I.A., Akhmerov S.F.

Abstract

The diagnosis and treatment of acute conditions occupy a special place in the work of district physicians and emergency physicians, since they are more often faced with the clinical manifestations of diseases requiring emergency care. Despite the fact that in recent years the diagnostic process has become increasingly collaborative, it is the general practitioner who ultimately assesses the correctness of the diagnosis.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):6-10
pages 6-10 views

Peculiarities of diagnosis and treatment of mushroom poisoning

Khalitov F.Y., Mukhametzyanov S.A., Maksimov O.N.

Abstract

Acute mushroom poisonings are observed annually in the summer and autumn season and account for 7-8% in the structure of acute poisonings. Despite their relative rarity, mushroom poisonings attract the attention of clinicians by the group character of the disease and high (up to 95%) lethality in some poisonings, for example in case of poisoning by pale grebes. Materials on the etiology, pathogenesis and clinical picture of mushroom poisoning are widely represented in the national literature.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):10-14
pages 10-14 views

Peculiarities of diagnosis and therapy of respiratory failure in botulism patients

Nikiforov V.V., Stepanova O.V., Vikhrov E.V., Nikiforov V.N., Semenov V.N., Eroshina V.A.

Abstract

Botulism is a severe infectious disease characterized by damage to the central and peripheral nervous system and manifests itself in three main clinical syndromes: gastroenteric, general infectious and paralytic. The paralytic syndrome, the leading one in the clinic of botulism, causes all the main signs of the disease: disorders of vision, the acts of swallowing and breathing, articulation, phonation, etc.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):14-19
pages 14-19 views

Clinic and treatment of severe forms of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

Enaleeva D.S., Davydov V.Y., Mukhametzyanov S.A., Salimova S.G., Tairova G.A., Aminova V.Z.

Abstract

In patients with severe forms of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HRSF) the organization of rational therapy is of great importance for the favorable outcome of the disease. This is especially important when the patient develops acute renal failure, DIC syndrome and other complications of the disease. Analysis of fatal outcomes in cases of HRSF over the past 10 years in the TASSR showed that in a number of cases the late diagnosis and hospitalization, non-compliance with strict bed rest regime and unjustified transportation of patients to other hospitals, including hemodialysis units, contributed to the poor outcome.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):19-21
pages 19-21 views

Preparation of human immunoglobulin against hemorrhagic fever virus with renal syndrome

Gavrilovskaya I.N., Bogdanova S.B., Gorbachkova E.A., Chumakov M.P., Apekina N.S., Linev M.B., Myasnikov Y.A., Mukhutdinov I.Z., Potapov V.S., Boyko V.A., Mukhutdinova R.G., Yagnova L.V., Kamalov F.Z.

Abstract

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a viral zoonotic natural focal infectious disease of humans and is particularly widespread in the forest areas of the Urals and Middle Volga region. In recent years, methods have been developed and put into practice for indication of infection in rodent hosts of HFRS virus and for serodiagnosis of human HFRS.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):22-23
pages 22-23 views

Efficiency of a short course of prednisolone in the treatment of severe viral hepatitis

Bashirova D.K., Mukhlisova G.F., Zvereva L.P.

Abstract

In recent years, there have been differences in views on glucocorticosteroid therapy (GCS) in patients with acute viral hepatitis. Disagreement arose due to reports about the lack of significant difference in the outcomes of hepatic coma in patients treated and untreated with GCS, about the frequency of relapses and transformation of the process into a chronic form during therapy with these drugs.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):23-26
pages 23-26 views

The significance of anatomical asymmetry for injectable treatment of acute conditions

Ibatullin I.A.

Abstract

In the acute care clinic, the main place in the treatment of patients is occupied by injection methods of drug administration to the upper extremities. This does not take into account the different characteristics of the pathology for which these measures are performed. Thus, in the decompensated stage, they can lead to death or worsen the condition of the patient.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):26-27
pages 26-27 views

Peculiarities of emergency conditions in newborns and principles of their therapy

Kuznetsova L.A., Alexandrova L.Y., Urazaev R.A.

Abstract

The study of emergency conditions in newborns in order to further improve the methods of their intensive care is an important reserve for reducing infant mortality. The aim of this work was to study the frequency and nature of pathological syndromes in newborns, which determine the severity of emergency conditions.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):28-29
pages 28-29 views

Ketoacidosis in children

Zakirova R.A., Kuznetsova L.A.

Abstract

Children's tendency to acetonic states (ketoacidosis) is associated with functional immaturity of the liver, increased tone of sympathetic innervation and labile nervous system. Constitutional abnormalities and dietary disturbances are of great importance in the development of the disease. The increasing frequency of ketoacidosis in children with pronounced clinical manifestations and insufficient familiarity of pediatricians with the diagnosis of this condition prompted us to study the features of ketoacidosis clinic, diagnosis and treatment in children.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):29-31
pages 29-31 views

Emergency conditions in acute intestinal infections in young children and their therapy

Vorotyntseva N.V., Aizenberg V.L., Blazhenov M.B.

Abstract

Emergency conditions in acute intestinal infections in young children require further study in terms of both diagnosis and optimization of therapy, since they determine the outcome of the disease. We examined 1235 patients admitted to the intensive care unit for acute intestinal infections. The results obtained allowed us to identify a number of urgent conditions that required, respectively, different therapeutic options.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):31-35
pages 31-35 views

Intensive care of victims with multiple and combined injuries

Valeeva S.M.

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the peculiarities of the course of acute traumatic disease with multiple and combined injuries and to develop pathogenetically substantiated corrective therapy. The patients treated in the intensive care unit from 1983 till 1986 were examined. 110 (18,8%) out of 584 patients had multiple and combined injuries. There were 87 men and 23 women.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):35-37
pages 35-37 views

Significance of acute pharmacological test in determining treatment tactics in acute myocardial infarction

Goncharova L.N., Kaplanova T.I.

Abstract

Many contradictory opinions make, on the one hand, to be very cautious about the use of cardiac glycosides, on the other hand, it is difficult to imagine more active means used in the treatment of heart failure than these drugs. Therefore, there is a need to search for new ways to use glycosides, which would expand the indications for their prescription in acute myocardial infarction. In recent years, reports on combined use of cardiac glycosides and nitrates have appeared in the literature.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):37-39
pages 37-39 views

Urinary syndrome in patients with adrenal endocrine hypertension

Gazymov M.M., Gazymova M.K.

Abstract

Symptomatic hypertension is often regarded by doctors as a kidney disease and without proper critical evaluation of the identified changes in urine diagnose chronic pyelonephritis, which delays the establishment of the true nature of the process for a long time. Timely diagnosis is also complicated by the fact that endocrine diseases, such as Conn's syndrome, pheochromocytoma, occur without any external manifestations of endocrinopathy. Such patients are not examined by endocrinologists, so the diagnosis is usually made (not in all patients) by general practitioners, urologists, surgeons. The aim of this work was to determine the frequency and peculiarities of urinary syndrome (proteinuria, microhematuria, leukocyturia), renal dysfunctions in adrenal hypertension before and after surgical treatment of patients.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):40-42
pages 40-42 views

Central analgesia and hypothermia in cardiac surgery

Valitov S.A., Zhavoronkov V.F., Nurgaleeva R.N., Yusupov F.S.

Abstract

In our country, cold protection of the brain from hypoxia during operations on the heart and great vessels has been widely used. Significant contribution to the development of the method was made by domestic anesthesiologists and intensive care specialists. The issues of increasing the efficiency of general hypothermic protection during cardiac surgery continue to be in the focus of attention of researchers at present time as well.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):43-45
pages 43-45 views

Blood pressure in intrastenal vessels of the stomach and intestine and cardiohemodynamics in patients with intestinal infarction

Nazipov A.A.

Abstract

The aim of the present work was to study intestinal and central hemodynamics in patients with intestinal infarction during laparotomy using angiotensiometric method. The research was carried out in 14 patients (9 men and 5 women) aged from 36 to 85 years old operated for intestinal infarction. The operations were carried out under endotracheal anesthesia with the use of calypsol (in 5 patients), sodium oxybutyrate (in 3 patients), ether (in 3 patients), and sedoxone (in 3 patients). At all stages of surgical treatment the patients received comprehensive intensive care.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):46-48
pages 46-48 views

Prevention and treatment of postoperative ligature fistulas

Sitdykov E.N., Basiashvili T.G., Zubkov A.Y., Belyaev A.R.

Abstract

We observed 27 patients (24 men and 3 women) with ligature fistulas after nephrectomy (10 patients) and suprapubic transvesical adenomectomy with primary bladder blind suture (17 patients). The age of patients with postoperative lumbar fistulas ranged from 28 to 40 years; the average age of those who underwent adenomectomy was 67 years.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):48-50
pages 48-50 views

Analysis of causes and measures to reduce early neonatal mortality after cesarean section

Akhmadeeva E.N., Kulavsky V.A.

Abstract

We have performed a selective expert evaluation of 111 cases of lethal outcomes of newborns delivered by cesarean section. In the total number of operations performed during the study period, the number of neonates who died by means of this surgical intervention was 5.8%. The incidence of infant deaths after cesarean section in the early neonatal period among all neonatal deaths during the same period reached 24.8%. The high proportion of children delivered by cesarean section in the structure of early neonatal mortality indicates the relevance and practical significance of studying the causes of infant mortality in this group.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):50-52
pages 50-52 views

Prevention of hemostasis disorders in gestosis

Fedorova Z.D., Repina M.A., Katsadze Y.L., Krasovskaya G.A., Konycheva E.A., Sumskaya G.F., Mazepova N.I., Nikolaeva N.K., Rudenko T.T.

Abstract

The high incidence of thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications during pregnancy and childbirth causes the interest of many researchers in the study of the hemostatic system and blood rheological properties during these periods. Normal pregnancy is characterized by hypercoagulation against the background of decreased blood fibrinolytic activity. Accelerated generation of thrombin with increased levels of ß-thromboglobulin in the plasma and reduced platelet lifespan is, according to some authors, a phylogenetically determined body adaptation in preparation for childbirth.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):53-56
pages 53-56 views

Pathopsychological assessment of the nosological independence of neuroses

Mendelevich V.D.

Abstract

In clinical neurology today, there is a revision of the principal positions, which casts doubt on the nosological essence of neuroses. The issues of differential diagnostic criteria of neuroses, boundaries of neuroses and neurotic personality development, accentuation of character traits and decompensation of psychopathies remain rather debatable in psychiatry up to now. Questions of clinical differentiation of psychologically adequate, preclinical, neurotic and psychopathic reactions to frustration are poorly studied. As a consequence, the importance of pathopsychological studies of borderline neuropsychiatric disorders, the study of patients' self-esteem and self-awareness, and the analysis of compensation mechanisms and protective measures that contribute to the prevention of neurosis is growing.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):56-59
pages 56-59 views

Choice of surgical treatment of bony and articular forms of panarization

Kabanov N.Y., Belyaev P.A., Goch E.M., Flegontov E.I.

Abstract

Despite certain successes of conservative therapy, surgical intervention remains the main method of treatment of deep forms of panarization, but its optimal variant has not been determined so far, so the results of operations remain unsatisfactory. We would like to share our experience in the treatment of bony and articular forms of panarization based on early adequate intervention.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):60-61
pages 60-61 views

Relation between the position of the eyeball in the orbit and ciliochoroidal detachment

Kartasheva E.A., Mashukov O.D.

Abstract

The aim of our studies was to find out whether the position of the eyeball in the orbit was associated with the occurrence of corneal collapse during cataract extraction as well as with the occurrence of vascular detachment in the postoperative period. We followed up 87 patients (35 men and 52 women) aged 44 to 87 with immature, mature, and over-mature age-related cataract. Eyeball elevation was measured using a Hertel mirror exophthalmometer. The patients were divided into three groups according to the position of the eyeball in the orbit. The distance was less than 16 mm for Group 1 patients (29 patients), 16-20 mm for Group 2 (46 patients), more than 20 mm for Group 3 (12 patients).

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):61-62
pages 61-62 views

Use of vasodilators in the complex treatment of patients with coronary heart disease and congestive heart failure

Zharov E.I., Buzanova M.A., Vertkin A.L.

Abstract

Congestive heart failure continues to be a very common complication of coronary heart disease, often leading to fatal outcome. Rational treatment of this complication requires understanding of its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Patients with congestive heart failure have characteristic hemodynamic abnormalities.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):62-66
pages 62-66 views

Changes in the brain microcirculatory bed in craniocerebral trauma

Krylov V.E., Ibatullin M.M., Valeev E.K., Padiryakov V.N.

Abstract

The microcirculatory bed is an important department of the circulatory system and determines not only the state of peripheral hemodynamics but also the trophic function of the organs. Microcirculatory bed, including arterioles, precapillaries, capillaries, venules, arteriolovenular anastomoses, constitutes 90% of all blood vessels [9, 18J. Arterioles - long meandering vessels 30-40 µ in diameter - are divided into terminal and mesarterioles. Precapillaries are 15-20 µ in diameter and regulate blood flow to true capillaries. Arterioles and precapillaries perform a transport function, delivering nutrients to the organ. Excretion of metabolic products from the organ occurs only in the capillary channel. Blood flow in capillaries depends on the activity of precapillary sphincters. Capillaries are usually straight and their wall lacks muscular elements. The appearance of tortuosity indicates damage to the capillary bed and impaired blood flow in it.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):66-68
pages 66-68 views

Functional splint for clavicle fracture repositioning

Lushnikov E.V., Komissarov G.P., Kovalenko N.A.

Abstract

Functional treatment of clavicle fractures is performed using a splint assembled from parts of the Ilizarov apparatus. The principle of its use is the same as that of the Kuzminsky splint: it provides maximum separation of the fractures, takes the upper end of the shoulder and the shoulder blade outward from the chest and keeps the shoulder girdle elevated upward.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):69-69
pages 69-69 views

Experience of epidural anesthesia and long-term postoperative anesthesia in adenomectomy

Filimonov V.P.

Abstract

In 154 patients adenomectomy was performed under epidural anesthesia. There were 36 patients aged from 50 to 60 years, from 60 to 70-63, from 70 to 80-50, over 80-8. The oldest patient was 91 years old.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):69-69
pages 69-69 views

Causes of lethal outcomes after surgery in patients with congenital and acquired suppurative pulmonary diseases

Pavlunin A.V.

Abstract

The aim of this work was to study the causes of lethal outcomes during surgeries in patients with chronic nonspecific lung diseases (CNLS) depending on the nature of the disease, volume and peculiarities of the surgical intervention. There were performed 1751 surgeries in 1631 patients with CPPS from 1971 till 1986. 70 (4.3%) people died of severe postoperative complications during the hospital stay.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):70-70
pages 70-70 views

Biphasic rupture of the liver and gallbladder

Ilyinsky I.S.

Abstract

Closed liver injuries are rare and more common in men. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult and mortality is high. Liver injuries are often detected during surgery or at autopsy. Considering the rarity of this pathology and difficulties in diagnosis, we decided to share our observation.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):70-72
pages 70-72 views

Integral body rheography in the complex diagnosis of sepsis in gynecological patients

Kostyuchek D.F., Bagramyantsev E.V.

Abstract

We used integral body rheography (IRGT) to assess central hemodynamics in 10 patients with obstetric-gynecological sepsis. Eight women developed sepsis as a result of an out-of-hospital infectious abortion at 7 to 26 weeks' gestation, and two - as a complication of gynecological surgery. Septicemia occurred in 7 patients, septicaemia - in 3, septic shock - in 2, in 1 patient it was complicated by acute renal failure; peritonitis was diagnosed in 1 woman.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):72-72
pages 72-72 views

Echocardiographic evaluation of chronic pyelonephritis with and without arterial hypertension

Kryukov N.N.

Abstract

We studied the state of cardiac hemodynamics in patients with chronic pyelonephritis with and without arterial hypertension according to echocardiographic study (EchoCG). We have examined 149 patients with chronic pyelonephritis aged from 17 to 70 years (men-51, women-98). The average age of the patients was 43.9 years.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):72-73
pages 72-73 views

Influence of mast cell response and some vasoactive substances on the blood microcirculation of lymph nodes regional to a cancerous tumor

Tsyplakov D.E., Ziganshina L.E.

Abstract

Regional lymph nodes from 70 cancer patients (42 men, 28 women, mean age 54.9 years) received during gastric, intestinal, esophageal, lung, and breast cancer surgeries were studied.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):73-73
pages 73-73 views

Device for fixation of metacarpal bone fractures

Nettov G.G.

Abstract

Fixation of metacarpal bone fractures is usually performed using metal spokes, either intramedullary or transaxially. During transaxial fixation, as a rule, spokes are inserted in transverse or oblique planes in relation to the axes of the metacarpal bones. The disadvantage of these methods is the possibility of migration of spokes, insufficient stability of fractures, especially with simultaneous fractures of three or four metacarpal bones of the hand. Bone defects along the length do not exclude the possibility of bone settling with a decrease in its length, angular and rotational displacements.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):74-75
pages 74-75 views

Drill guide

Gimmelmfarb A.L.

Abstract

Due to the widespread use of surgical interventions that help preserve hip function in hip disease, the number of arthrodesis - traumatic interventions involving dislocation of the femoral head from the articular socket and resection of the articular surfaces - has decreased. As a rule, joint locking is now performed only in cases where there is no alternative, i.e., when there is minimal rocking motion in the joint. In such cases, the traumatic open resection arthrodesis is replaced by the less traumatic so-called closed periarticular arthrodesis. However, since closed arthrodesis is performed without dislocating the femoral ball head, the subsequent fixation of the femoral ball head in the socket is difficult.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):75-76
pages 75-76 views

Akopov I. E. The most important domestic medicinal plants and their application. Tashkent, Medicine, 1986

Ishimova L.M., Maksimov G.F.

Abstract

Currently, interest in phytotherapy, which has its roots in traditional medicine, has increased among doctors and medical students. This is primarily due to the fact that the world of plants has served humans since ancient times as a reliable source of medicines and at the same time provides unlimited opportunities for the successful search for new therapeutic agents. The increased interest in medicinal plants is also largely determined by the frustrations that befall practitioners who use an increasing number of synthetic drugs, which cause a large number of complications and often fail to live up to the expectations placed on them.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):76-77
pages 76-77 views

Chronicle. Vol. 69, No. 1 (1988)

Abstract

By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Tatar ASSR for achievements in scientific and pedagogical activities, the honorary title of Honored Scientist of the Tatar ASSR was awarded to Halima Mukhlisovna Sayfullina.

Kazan medical journal. 1988;69(1):78-78
pages 78-78 views


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