Vol 67, No 1 (1986)

The Department of Dermatovenerology of the Kazan Medical Institute began to study some aspects of allergies in skin diseases more than 40 years ago. Shortly after the end of the Great Patriotic War, under the guidance of Prof. H. N. Yasnitsky, studies were carried out on the etiology and pathogenesis of pyallergic skin diseases, i.e. secondary allergic rashes in pustular skin diseases, chronic pyoderma, seborrheic and microbial eczema. New findings have been obtained as a result.

The aim of this study was to study the frequency and severity of hemodynamic changes in different nosological forms of disseminated lung processes, as well as to assess their role in the pathogenesis and outcome of the disease. 363 patients with disseminated processes in the lungs and 20 healthy adults were examined. Most of them (86%) were aged between 20 and 60 years, with a predominance of women (63%). Electrocardiography, kinetocardiography and integral body rheography were performed to study haemodynamics, and bicycle ergometry was used to investigate the effects of exercise. 

Local temperature increases in the nasal mucosa and sinuses, which are often affected in patients with predasthma, can be recorded by recording the infrared radiation of the patient's body with a thermal imaging camera. We have used thermography to diagnose predasthma in 34 patients (23 females, 11 males) aged from 19 to 52 years, who were treated at the allergology department of the Voroshilovgrad Regional Clinical Hospital named after F. E. Dzerzhinsky. The duration of the disease ranged from 1 to 8 years. At the time of examination the patients were in stable remission. The purpose of their hospitalization was to clarify the diagnosis and to carry out specific hypersensitization.

Respiratory mechanics on a pneumotachograph was studied in 30 patients with preasthma, proceeding against a background of chronic bronchitis, and in 35 patients with bronchial asthma of medium severity (according to classification of A.D. Ado and P.K. Bulatov, 1969). Complex therapy included anti-inflammatory, desensitizing drugs and agents improving bronchial drainage function - bronchodilators.

The intensity of bacilliform excretion and the characteristics of the pathogen in patients with various forms of tuberculosis are not only of diagnostic value but also contribute to the selection of a rational combination of antituberculosis drugs and to the determination of the required duration of therapy. In addition, the occasional bacilliform discharge in nonspecific lung diseases complicates the differential diagnosis.

We studied the results of single and repeated short-term (mostly 2-4 months each) administration of rifampicin in 229 patients with chronic destructive pulmonary tuberculosis. Many patients received rifampicin several times over a number of years in short courses. A total of 370 prescriptions over 10 years were analysed.

The lack of effect of treatment with medication is sometimes seen as resistance to the medication. At the same time, in practice, there are cases of patients avoiding taking medication orally. This is often the case with psychiatric patients who become "treatment fatigue", distrust the efficacy of the medication, or develop the idea of poisoning. These patients are psychologically resistant to treatment and are not clearly aware of the need for continuation of the treatment.

Pheochromocytoma is a catecholamine-producing tumour that arises from the medullary layer of the adrenal gland or extrarenal chromaffin tissue and is not uncommon. An analysis of sectional data published in the world literature in the last two decades shows that pheochromocytoma in 1% of cases; is the cause of hypertension, which in 50-60% of patients runs as a paroxysmal form of arterial hypertension and can progress to a permanent form with or without crises.

In 1983, 41 children (10 boys and 31 girls) with maxillofacial hemangiomas were treated in the maxillofacial department. Most of the children were between 1 month and 2 years of age.

We studied the pattern of bacilliform excretion in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis caused by M. bovis. There were 23 patients under observation, 18 of whom were livestock keepers. The focal form of tuberculosis was diagnosed in 1, infiltrative - in 13, haematogenous-disseminated - in 5 and fibrotic cavernous - in 4 patients. All 23 patients had isolated Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of the immunochemical test for the presence of a2-ferroprotein (a2FP) in the serum of children with diseases of the bronchopulmonary system.

A total of 944 patients (557 men and 387 women) with chronic nonspecific lung diseases, mostly aged 25 to 45 years, were examined. Of these, 710 were diagnosed with chronic bronchitis, 55 with bronchiectatic disease, 92 with bronchial asthma and 87 with chronic pneumonia. Gastroduodenal ulcers were diagnosed in 76 people.

Uterine eversion is a rare but serious complication of the postpartum period and, less frequently, of the early postpartum period. The maternal mortality rate for this condition is as high as 30%. Spontaneous uterine eversion is an even rarer obstetric pathology. We observed two cases of acute spontaneous uterine eversion during the postpartum period.

In 1976, in order to improve medical services for dispensary patients, a rehabilitation department was set up in the children's polyclinic, which serves 53,000 children, on the basis of physical therapy and physiotherapy departments. The department is equipped with light therapy (including a photarium), heat therapy, vitamin-oxygen cocktails, massages, an inhalatorium, a therapeutic gymnastics room, a therapeutic swimming pool and a room for teaching swimming to infants.

We did not find any studies on the bioavailability of iron in children's diets in the national literature, so the aim of this work was to assess the bioavailability of iron in individual meals and in daily diets by calculation and laboratory methods.

Reducing maternal mortality from haemorrhage is still the most important task of modern obstetric care. When it comes to the prevention of haemorrhage, a single term 'atonic haemorrhage' is appropriate. The etiology of uterine atony is not well understood, but it is known to be based on disorders of uterine contractility, hormonal imbalances or uterine muscle wasting.

The Kazan Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics was founded on 1 December 1945 on the basis of the Hospital of Restorative Surgery. From the very first days, the institute became the base of the Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics of Kazan HIDUV. A great role in the organisation and development of the Institute belongs to its first director, Honoured Scientist of the RSFSR and TASSR, Professor Lazar Ilyich Shulutko. Since 1960, the Institute has been headed by Honoured Scientist of the RSFSR and TASSR, Prof. Uzbek Yakubovich Bogdanovich.

The congress was attended by about 700 delegates and featured presentations on all the main fields of clinical laboratory diagnostics: haematology, cytology, immunology, bacteriology, biochemistry, coagulology, and the organisation of laboratory services. The congress was attended by specialists from NRB, East Germany, GDR, Poland and Czechoslovakia.

The plenary session was devoted to the topical issue of reducing maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in late toxicosis of pregnant women. Attention was drawn to the risk factors in the development of this pathology and, first of all, to extragenital diseases of the mother: kidney disease (G. M. Savelyeva, V. N. Serov), chronic tonsillitis, high infectious index in childhood, tonsillectomy during menarche.

Medical science and health care in Tatarstan have suffered a great loss: On October 6, 1985, Zainab Nazipovna Yakubova, TASSR honoured doctor, TASSR honoured scientist, doctor of medical sciences, professor, CPSU member since 1956, passed away after a serious and long illness.