Vol 50, No 5 (1969)

Socio-economic and socio-hygienic factors play an increasingly important role in strengthening the health of workers under socialism and communism. Every year in our country, in solving this problem, the proportion of broad social and health measures increases, among which an important place is occupied by the rise in the welfare of the people, the growth of national income, public consumption funds, etc. Figuratively speaking, the medicine of the future, the medicine of the communist society will not be so much medicamentous as socio-hygienic in the broadest sense. and in the humane sense of the word.

In the modern understanding, thoracic toad (angina pectoris) in its typical manifestation is pain behind the sternum or in the heart area, arising due to a lack of oxygen in the heart muscle, in most cases caused by the fact that the request for blood flow from the heart muscle exceeds its flow through the coronary vessels. The latter is usually caused by damage to the walls of the arteries of the heart, most often by their atherosclerosis. Violation of coronary blood flow may be the result of dynamic changes (spasm) in a certain area of the coronary system. But sometimes the need for oxygen exceeds its usual size, and this also causes pain in the heart area. Such conditions arise as a result of an increase in the intake of catecholamines into the blood, which has been reported by many, and first of all by Raab. Various experiences also lead to an excessive intake of catecholamines into the heart. The resulting metabolic disorders in the heart muscle can manifest pain. The variety of mechanisms leading to breast toad makes it difficult to prevent it.

To date, there is no consensus on the relationship between myocardial infarction and diabetes mellitus. Some authors [18, 19, 20, 24, 29, 33 et al.] note a more frequent occurrence of myocardial infarction in diabetes mellitus, others [4, 34, etc.] did not find the effect of diabetes mellitus on the frequency of myocardial infarction and mortality in it. A number of authors [6, 7, 11, 13, 16, 24 et al .] indicates a more severe course of diabetes mellitus on the background of myocardial infarction and myocardial infarction on the background of diabetes mellitus, high mortality, shorter life expectancy after myocardial infarctions, repeated myocardial infarctions, frequent ruptures of the heart muscle, severe collapses. Joslin et al., Heinsen believe that in diabetes mellitus, as a rule, myocardial infarctions are pain-free, while others do not find a difference in the symptoms of myocardial infarctions in diabetes mellitus. There is no unanimity on the issue of thrombosis in diabetes mellitus. So, Fearuley, Chakraborti found in diabetes mellitus a decrease in fibrinolytic activity and an increased tendency of the blood to thrombosis. According to Thomas, Lee, Rabin, Coodale et al., the frequency of thromboembolic complications and lysis time in patients with diabetes mellitus and myocardial infarction do not differ from those in patients with a heart attack without diabetes.

For obese patients, the lesion of the left heart is clinically typical. The occurrence of left-heart failure is facilitated by the early and frequent development of atherosclerosis in these individuals [11], as well as the frequent combination of obesity with hypertension [1]. Another clinical variant is a pulmonary heart with right-heart failure (B. B. Kogan, 1962). During catheterization of the pulmonary artery in overweight patients, a number of authors revealed hypertension of the small circle [13, 16, 19, 32].

From the point of view of adherents of the concept of "locality" of unipolar leads, biopotentials related only to those areas of the heart muscle that are "adjacent" to the differential electrode, namely, to the epicardial surface of the left ventricle, are recorded in the thoracic leads of 5-6. In this regard, the ECG in U5—6 is usually compared in form only with those leads from the extremities, which, firstly, are also unipolar and to which, secondly, the epicardial surface of the left ventricle can adjoin. Adherents of the considered "localistic" concept believe that aVL can satisfy these conditions if the electrical position of the heart is horizontal, or aVF if it is vertical (Wilson et al., 1944). Similarly, the similarity with aVL or aVF of the ECG in the thoracic leads of U1—2 is evaluated, which, according to the mentioned view, reflects the bioelectric activity of the right ventricle, namely its epicardial surface.

Variants and pathomorphological characteristics of open fractures of long tubular bones of peacetime are extremely diverse. In some cases, soft tissue injuries are only a small point wound caused by a bone fragment, in others, the ends of one or two bone fragments, having perforated the skin, protrude and gape in the skin wound, lying on its surface; fractures with more extensive damage to the bones and soft tissues of the limb are observed and, what should be especially emphasized, with significant contamination of tissues in the wound; finally, there are particularly severe types of open fractures, when there is extensive bone crushing, deep irreversible destruction of soft tissues, and sometimes complete separation of limbs.

It can be noted with satisfaction that there is unanimity among traumatologists regarding the principles of fracture treatment.

Patellar fractures in patients suffering from knee joint contractures have their own characteristics and are not described in the literature.

This article analyzes the results of homoplastic operations performed by us in 24 patients suffering from tuberculosis of the hip joint.

One of the anatomical and physiological features of a child's body is the high regenerative capacity of bone tissue. These qualities are possessed, in particular, by the ribs, fibula, clavicle, which are often restored during subcostal resection of them for a considerable length.

The main sources of vascularization of the lungs, tracheobronchial lymph nodes, heart and thoracic vertebrae are bronchial, intercostal, coronary, pericardial arteries extending from the thoracic aorta and its branches.

During the resuscitation of people who suffered strangulation asphyxia, we managed to save 62 victims. All of them were taken to the intensive care unit in a serious or extremely serious condition, unconscious. The duration of strangulation ranged from 4-5 to 8-9 minutes . The victims were admitted to the hospital within a period of 30 minutes to 4 hours. The first medical aid was provided by the resuscitation teams of the ambulance station.

Recently, a number of reports have appeared in the literature on the diagnostic use of ultrasound to differentiate various forms of hearing loss, which significantly expands the possibilities of modern audiometry [3, 4, 6]. The available data allow us to conclude that the perception of ultrasound occurs in the cochlea [1, 5, 9, 10, 11]. This can also be indirectly confirmed by the results of the experimental work of R. A. Zasosov and V. F. Undritz (1935).

The study of the gonadotropic function of the pituitary gland is important in revealing the mechanisms underlying the regulation of the normal menstrual cycle and the occurrence of its disorders, in particular dysfunctional uterine bleeding. G. S. Stepanov (1962), O. N. Savchenko (1967) note that the release of gonadotropins in this pathology is at the level of values recorded in normal menstrual cycle outside the periods of physiological peaks. However, these authors did not compare the excretion of gonadotropins with the indicators of the endocrine function of the ovaries and with the clinical picture of dysfunctional uterine bleeding, which makes it difficult to use their findings in elucidating the pathogenesis of the disease. In addition, their data were obtained in menopausal patients. The gonadotropic function of the pituitary gland in patients in puberty and reproductive periods has not been studied.

As in the experiment [5, 6, 14, 15, 17], so it is in the clinic [1-4, 8-11, 13, 16, 18, 19] it has been established that pregnancy has a depressant effect on increased blood pressure. Almost all authors believe that the decrease in blood pressure is temporary. However, opinions regarding the timing of pregnancy, at which blood pressure begins to decrease, as well as the duration of this decrease are contradictory. According to D. F. Chebotarev, it occurs in the first sixteen weeks of pregnancy, according to Theobald — in the first half of pregnancy, according to other authors [1, 9, 13, 18] — from the middle of pregnancy. O. F. Matveeva, S. M. Becker, L. F. Antonov observed a decrease in blood pressure with the onset of pregnancy. The degree and duration of pressure reduction depend on the stage of development of hypertension.

This suffering is caused by the development of dystrophic processes in the periarticular tissues, accompanied by reactive inflammation. The occurrence of the disease is facilitated by acute or chronic trauma, less often by an infectious process.

G., 7 years old, was admitted on 15/IV 1968 40 minutes after a transport injury in an extremely serious condition, unconscious, with motor anxiety. Pulse 130, low filling and tension, blood pressure 70/0, shallow breathing, 14 v min. Blood with an admixture of cerebrospinal fluid is released from the right and left external auditory passages and the right nasal passage. Anisocoria. The pupils' reaction to light is sluggish. Floating gaze. Corneal and swallowing reflexes are absent. The child does not react to the painful stimulus. Left-sided hemiparesis. Periodically, hypertonicity in the right extremities, left tendon and periosteal reflexes are greater than the right ones. Abdominal reflexes are absent. Babinsky's bilateral symptom and Oppenheim's symptom on the right. There are no meningeal signs.

G., 20 years old, was taken to the surgical department on 8/II 1963 30 minutes after a bullet wound to the right half of the chest. Upon admission, the condition is severe, abdominal pain, vomiting without blood impurities. Pulse 82, satisfactory filling, BP 115/77. In the area of the 10th intercostal space on the right along the anterior axillary line, there is a wound of 1.0x1.0 cm (entrance hole), the second (exit hole) is on the right in the upper lumbar region, with uneven edges, measuring 4x4 cm; blood flows out of it. The stomach is tense, does not participate in the act of breathing, is painful. The Shchetkin-Blumberg symptom is negative. There is a dull feeling in the right half of the abdomen. The patient does not urinate. The urine released by the catheter is intensely stained with blood.

Among the surgical methods of treatment of thrombophlebitic splenomegaly, splenectomy is the most common. However, the problem of prevention and treatment of complications associated with splenectomy is still not solved.

In order to enhance local anesthesia during appendectomy and improve the postoperative course, we apply a preliminary paranephral blockade according to A.V. Vishnevsky.

In the literature available to us, we have not found a description of an anomaly in the structure of the vermiform process similar to the one we found, and therefore we found it possible to share our observation.

We observed 75 men and 22 women aged 20 to 70 years. 33 of them had duodenal ulcer, 10 - gastric ulcer, 14 - liver and gallbladder diseases, 12 - gastritis with preserved secretion and 16 — with reduced, 2 - stomach cancer and 10 were healthy (control group).

Dumping syndrome is one of the most common pathological conditions after gastric resection. The pathogenesis of this syndrome is complex.

M., 35 years old, with dementia syndrome, was admitted on 26/XII 1967 with complaints of a sharp increase in the penis and scrotum, making it difficult to urinate and walk (Fig. 1). He has been ill since 1946, when he first suffered erysipelas of the scrotum and penis, subsequently recurring 2-3 times annually. After erysipelas, the scrotum and penis began to swell and increase from year to year. For a long time, but unsuccessfully, he was treated in a district hospital. Due to the futility of conservative therapy, he entered the urological department of the Republican Hospital for surgical treatment.

We observed a maternity hospital with thrombosis of the vessels of the left hip, pelvis and mesentery of the sigmoid colon with a favorable postoperative outcome, which was facilitated by anticoagulant therapy.

In 1958, the first data appeared on the use of ultrasound for the diagnosis of certain gynecological diseases, as well as in obstetric practice for the establishment of presentation, multiple pregnancy, polyhydramnios, vesicular drift, measuring the size of the head [24, 25, 26, 27, 46, 48, 49].

Angiography, more than other methods of X-ray examination, is associated with a dangerous radiation load on the staff and the patient (K. B. Tikhonov, 1962; Larsson, 1956).

In modern conditions, when studying and evaluating the functional state of the uterus, it is difficult to do without technical means of control.

The final stage of malaria eradication in Kazan was preceded by a number of periods during which a system of antimalarial measures was steadily implemented.

Kazan is one of the few cities in Russia and Europe where specialized neurological care has existed since the end of the last century. The teaching of the course of nervous diseases at the Medical Faculty of Kazan University was introduced back in 1870 and was entrusted to the Doctor of Medicine A. A. Unlucky. In 1887, the Department of Nervous Diseases was organized, which until 1892 was headed by Prof. D. P. Skalozubov, a student of the founder of Russian neurology A. Ya. Kozhevnikov; during this period, the department was housed in two rooms, one of which served as a 4-bed ward, and the other as a laboratory, where, in addition, outpatient appointments were held.

The congress was attended by about 2,000 scientists and practitioners from all the Union republics, including 200 professors and 300 candidates of sciences of various medical specialties. This allowed a comprehensive discussion of scientific problems — the role of infections in the clinic of internal diseases; rheumatoid arthritis; new in the diagnosis and treatment of major internal diseases.