Vol 75, No 6 (1994)

The relationship between etiologic factors causing croupous and focal pneumonias is given, primary and secondary pneumonias are correlated. The schematic-algorithm allowing to perform the early etiologic diagnosis of the disease without immediate laboratory investigations is developed.

The results of immunocorrecting therapy by cytomedines in infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic obstructive bronchitis and their combination are analysed. The high clinical efficacy of cytomedines in infiltrative tuberculosis is shown: in patients the terms of intoxication abolition, infiltration resolution of pulmonary tissue, decay cavities close decrease, the activity of antiinfectious protection simultaneously increases. In chronic obstructive bronchitis especially in combination with tuberculosis the efficacy of one course of the therapy by cytomedines is considerably lower, which is explained by more pronounced disorders of immune status of such patients.

The prophylaxis method of postoperative mediastinitis after median sternotomy by the. block method of the basic parasternal neurovescular fascicles is described. The results obtained are analysed in 52 patients, of which 22 patients form the control group. The new method developed is a simple but effective method of postoperative mediastinitis prophylaxis and is favourable for the best healing of the sternotomie wound and decrease of the pain syndrome.

The efficacy of intravenous laserotherapy in 850 patients with various clinical forms of ischemic heart disease including 349 patients with chronic ischemic heart disease, treated by means of helium-neon irradiation, α-tocopherol, solcoseril and mildronat, is studied. Faster reverse development of the pain syndrome, high readaptation to physical loads are detected in patients treated with intravenous laserotnerapy and α-tocopherol, intravenous laserotherapy, α-tocopherol and seril. The pronounced antiarrhythmic effect is observed in the group treated with solcoseril. The necessity of the medicamental «cover» of laserotherapy in patients with ischemic heart disease especially in an increase of exposition and power of the light flow of helium-neon laser, as well as the dynamic control of parameters of coagulation, hemostasis, microcirculation and peroxide oxidation of lipoids is emphasized.

As many as 50 healthy pregnant women to study the mathematical characteristics in-at terms from 30 to 40 weeks are examined formation of the cardiac rhythm. The deviations of all cardiac rhythm indices from the norm suggesting the increase of the sympathetic part tension of the vegetative nervous system are revealed, and the regulation systems state in pregnant women organism is close to the adaptation disturbance.

The peculiarities of the function of individual links of the hemostasis system in workers of watch and expeditionary-watch teams are studied. It is established that watch and expeditionary-watch methods of labour activity cause identical changes in the hemostasis system characterized by strengthening the procoagulant blood activity, exhaustion of the anticoagulant possibilities and, as a rule, fibrinolysis depression.

The strong data on the diagnostic importance of the determination of the mean mass molecules are given. The concentration test of the mean mass molecules in pregnants with gestoses allows to diagnose the chronic intrauterine intoxication of the fetus, to justify pathogenetically the medical measures aimed at detoxication of the pregnant organism and fetus, to define the neopathologist tactics in the obstetric department and intensive therapy ward of the infantile department

To date, it can be considered an established fact that modern anti-atherosclerotic therapy can affect the anatomical severity of atherosclerosis. In the treatment of atherosclerosis, two main approaches are used: treatment aimed at regression of an already existing disease, and treatment with the aim of delaying its development in individuals predisposed to it. Hyperlipidemia is generally recognized as the most significant risk factor and marker for the prevalence of atherosclerosis [9, 22, 26]. The results of the six largest studies on primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerosis in individuals with hyperlipidemia show that both approaches reduce morbidity and mortality from coronary artery disease (Table 1).

The origins of chronic nonspecific lung diseases are diseases of the respiratory system suffered in childhood and adolescence. When developing measures to improve and prevent diseases of the bronchopulmonary system in adolescents, data on its functional state are needed.

The incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD), in particular myocardial infarction (MI), among young women (up to 39 years old) has ceased to be a rarity in our region. Although symptoms of the disease in women appear 10 years later than in men, their mortality between the ages of 30 and 39 from coronary artery disease is in second place after breast cancer. Moreover, in women, 67% of all cases of sudden death in history do not have symptoms of coronary artery disease. In the development of coronary artery disease, in addition to common risk factors for men and women (smoking, arterial hypertension, dyslipoproteinemia, obesity), there are purely female risk factors - taking hormonal contraceptives, menopause, hormonal levels after menopause. The combination of smoking and the use of hormonal birth control pills increases the risk of acute MI in young women by a factor of three. We should not forget about this fact: in the first year after myocardial infarction, 39% of women and 31% of men die.

At present, the possibilities of timely diagnosis of malignant gastric lymphomas have increased significantly, which is explained by advances in the practice of surgical, radiation and drug treatment. It should be taken into account that the prognosis for isolated gastric lymphomas is better than for cancer, and the period of life expectancy after timely treatment is more significant.

In 1989-1992 in accordance with the recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the USSR, medical institutions of the Republic of Mari El made the transition to new business conditions. During the implementation of the Regulations on the new economic mechanism, the principles of pricing and recommendations for calculating tariffs for medical services, the conditions for budget financing of healthcare institutions in cities and districts according to differentiated gender and age standards, the system of payment by central district hospitals for consultative and diagnostic care to patients in republican and Yoshkar-Ola city hospitals and dispensaries.

From August 21 to August 27, 1994, Kazan hosted the XXVII International Ampère Congress dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the discovery of the phenomenon of electron paramagnetic resonance by Evgeny Konstantinovich Zavoisky at Kazan University. This discovery is one of the outstanding achievements of the 20th century: it determined the development of a separate field of physical science - magnetic radio spectroscopy, associated with the names of S. Altshuler, B. Kozyrev, B. Blipi, A. Abraham, V. Voevodsky, K. Hausser, N. Wolf, K. Hutchinson, S. Weissman, D. Hyde and others.