Vol 35, No 5-6 (1939)

In his report to the Third Session of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the international situation and foreign policy of the USSR, Comrade V. M. Molotov clearly demonstrated the failure of the policy of non-intervention pursued by the democratic countries of Europe.

The first description of the chemical composition of the Izhevsk spring dates back to 1907-8 (Bening, Ishcheryakov) and 1910-14 (Sadikov). It was recognized that the water belongs to the category of waters of sufficient mineralization, is a pronounced type of sulfuric-acid-lime-magnesia water, slightly bitter-salty to taste. Back in 1910, Zimnitsky and his colleagues Cherkasov and Ivanov proved that Izhevsk water has a general effect, quantitatively and qualitatively changes nitrogen exchange.

Recently, the number of patients with lung abscesses and gangrene has increased significantly, which is associated, on the one hand, with more accurate diagnostics, and on the other hand, with repeated influenza epidemics, the complications of which give a large percentage of suppurative processes in the lungs.

This increasing number of patients with suppurative processes in the lungs makes the issue of treatment relevant.

Already at the VIII All-Union Congress of Therapists in 1925 it was stated that the number of cases of chlorosis both in the USSR and in Western European countries had sharply decreased. If according to Denecke's statistics in 1901, out of 12,000 case histories analyzed by him, 201 cases of chlorosis were established, then in 1923 out of 20,000 patients there were only 3 cases of chlorosis. Arinkin states that after 1917 he did not observe chlorosis. Ivanov did not encounter a single case of chlorosis in the last 20 years of his work. Along with this fact, a new form of chlorosis has been observed in recent years, occurring in older women, accompanied by achylia, which does not respond to treatment with arsenic and responds well to treatment with iron.

The question of the etiology of colitis in children still remains unclear, despite the large number of works in this area.

According to a number of authors (Blumenthal, Koltypin, etc.), colitis is polyetiological and is caused by more than one type of bacteria; the dysentery group (Shiaa, Flexner, etc.), the Escherichia coli group, b. Proteus vulgaris, b. Margani, streptococcus and b. perfringens, etc., can be the causative agents of the acute inflammatory process of the large intestine. But at the same time, many clinicians consider it possible to assert that colitis, which is taking on epidemic proportions, is caused mainly by the dysentery group of bacteria, regardless of whether they are hemorrhagic or simple mucous.

Treatment of infectious colitis remains one of the most pressing issues due to the lack of specific therapy and the low success rate of non-specific treatment. Hence the interest that a therapist has with every new proposal in this area is clear.

Recently, interest in phage therapy has revived in the literature, in particular, in the use of bacteriophage in infectious colitis of various origins.

Attempts to change the cyclical development of the tuberculosis process in bones and joints by using various types of drugs, as is known, have not justified themselves. Therefore, we decided to use the atuberculosis antivirus of "blue" rods, proposed by Mazur for the treatment of open forms of tuberculous lymphadenitis, in some forms of surgical tuberculosis.

Since treatment with an antivirus is designed for its direct effect on the tuberculous focus and surrounding tissues, we were interested in the question of what therapeutic effect the antivirus would have on fistulous forms of surgical tuberculosis.

Hepatosplenic syndrome is one of those clinical concepts that have provided abundant ground for discussion and scientific research for many decades, and the essence of which cannot be considered fully clarified even now.

Already in the second half of the 19th century, Debov and Bruhl described pathological conditions where liver changes followed splenomegaly. In 1894, Banti described in detail an independent, in his opinion, disease affecting mainly young people, the etiology of which is not associated with syphilis, malaria, or any infectious diseases, as well as with chronic intoxication (alcohol); he called this disease - splenomegaly and cirrhosis of the liver.

It is necessary to think, says Professor Svenson, that the percentage of syphilitics among tuberculosis patients is equal to the percentage of syphilitics among the entire population of a given area. Up to now, the opinions of authors differ on the question of whether syphilis is a predisposing factor to the development of tuberculosis. While some authors consider almost every syphilitic to be a candidate for tuberculosis patients, others deny any predisposing influence of syphilis on the development of tuberculosis.

Despite the large number and variety of proposed methods and means, the therapy of fungal diseases still represents a rather difficult task for a doctor. Based on this, we are currently conducting work to test the most rational methods of treating fungal skin lesions. In the Soviet press, there are references to good therapeutic results from the action of chloracide in streptoderma (Pechernikov) and fungal skin lesions (Levchanovsky). This prompted us to test chloracide in dermatomycosis.

Chloracide was proposed by Dr. Schauffler (Saratov) and is a new remedy in the therapy of fungal skin diseases.

Johann Purkinje established the fact 115 years ago that the color sense is weaker on the periphery of the retina and that the intensity of color perception is greatly influenced by the degree of illumination. As proof of his observations, Purkinje recommends looking at colored objects in the twilight. He says that in the twilight, only black and gray shades are initially distinguishable, red and green colors seem the darkest, yellow cannot be distinguished from crimson for a long time, and blue becomes noticeable first of all; red nuances—carmine, cinnabar, and orange, which seem the lightest in daylight, remain dark for a long time in the twilight compared to their daytime brightness.

For the correct management of childbirth, it is necessary to know the degree of dilation of the cervical os. In addition, determining the dilation of the os plays a significant role in the implementation of pain relief during childbirth. Hence, the desire of Soviet obstetricians, especially interested in the implementation of correct obstetric assistance and mass pain relief during childbirth, to have a reliable and accessible method for determining the dilation of the cervical os is understandable.

At the beginning of our century, Mechnikov developed a method of bacteriotherapy and prevention of intestinal diseases by suppressing pathogenic and putrefactive intestinal microbes by introducing antagonist microbes there. Thus, Mechnikov chose the active acid-forming agent B. Bulgaricum and believed that it would take root in the intestine.

Mechnikov's idea did not justify itself. The microbe he proposed was recognized as unsuitable for this purpose, as it does not take root in the intestine.

Among the malignant forms of malaria, a hemorrhagic form with rashes and bleeding is sometimes encountered. In such cases, bleeding often depends on the infection itself, but there are indications in the literature that it can also be caused by quinine.

We observed one such case of three-day malaria.

During the autopsy, various piercing objects (nails, knife fragments, needles) are sometimes found in the cranial cavity. In the Shadrinsk hospital, we observed a rare case of a foreign body in the cranial cavity—a fragment of a pencil with an ordinary metal tip.

The sudden death of a patient forces any inquisitive observer to seek its cause. Especially we seek the cause of the sudden death of an apparently healthy person, when those around could not expect it due to the absence of both subjective complaints and any objective data.

Our domestic oncological and urological literature has been enriched by a new fundamental work, treating one of the most difficult chapters of oncology - tumors of the urinary bladder.

It is unlikely that there will be other authors in our Union who, like the author of the book under review, have such a large amount of their own material, studied in detail and examined in relation to the long-term results of treatment.

Surgery: It is more convenient and faster to sterilize surgical material with high-frequency electric current than with a vacuum in an autoclave. The temperature of the sterilized material rises under the influence of high-frequency currents.

Magnesium alloys containing 95.7% magnesium, 4% aluminum, and 0.3% manganese can be successfully used in bone surgery as fastening screws and nails. This alloy fixes bone fragments well during the period of callus formation and then gradually dissolves completely and in a shorter time than some other materials usually used for this purpose. The release of gas during oxidation and resorption of the alloy is not a contraindication. The gas quickly disappears and does not cause trouble.

The authors had under their observation 100 cases of acute surgical infections treated with sulfanilamide. In erysipelas and streptococcal septicemia, they consider red prontosil to be the most effective. In acute funiculitis and orchi-epididymitis, excellent results were observed even in the absence of secondary bacterial infection. In acute urethritis, gonorrheal and staphylococcal, rapid healing also occurred. The authors recommend a combination of intramuscular administration of prontosil with per os administration.

The author presents methods of treating patients with gonorrhea with sulfanilamide. Method of conducting chemotherapy.

Гоноррея:

Авторы разделили своих больных на 2 группы. Первая группа в 37 человек была подвергнута лечению пиротерапией. 22 больным в дополнение были назначены местные процедуры на живот. 16 больным был назначен сульфаниламид. Оказалось, что как у больных, подвергнутых терапии высокой температурой, так и у больных, леченных сульфаниламидом, очень скоро были получены благоприятные результаты — гонококки в мазках исчезли. Авторы пришли к выводу, что целесообразнее начинать лечение гонореи у женщин с назначения сульфаниламида, при условии, если этот вид лечения проводится под контролем врача. Опыт авторов показал, что этот вид терапии сам по себе дает успех у большинства больных. У тех больных, у которых химиотерапия не ведет к желанным результатам, необходимо дополнительно применить пиротерапию.