Vol 80, No 6 (1999)

Psychic disorders in patients with diabetes mellitus depending on the degree of its compensation are studied. The current methods of determining the level of glycemia and glucosuria and the classification of psychopathologic manifestations are used. The structure of the study performed is simple. The psychopatholoc manifestations are correlated with the diabetes mellitus compensation degree. The results of the study will make it possible to determine the diabetes mellitus compensation degree on the basis of the clinical picture and dynamics of psychopathologic symptoms.

The results of examination of 70 patients with urinary syndrome as oxalic—calcic and uratic crystalluria and in the projection of pelvic system by ultrasonic examination data were analyzed. The study of partial functions of kidneys, purine and oxalic metabolism was performed to estimate hypertension syndrome in patients with dysmetabolic disorders. The comparison of patients with arterial hypertension (15) and normotonia (55) showed the changes in the first group as fast development of dysmetabolic disorders and significant disorder of purine metabolism. The data obtained show the relation between hypertension and interstitial nephritis activity.

Variations of homeostasis in peritonitis of appendicular origin by the indicators of vascular reactions and microcirculation are studied in dynamics early in the development. The account of the revealed variations of homeostasis makes it possible to carry out the dosed infusion therapy directed to the elimination of the functional hypovolemia in the preoperative period of preparation. For the elimination of the functional and organic insufficiency of the gastroenteric tract the endonasal intubation of the stomach and small intestine with obligatory drainage placing on the Treitz hernia and the intubation of the large intestine are necessary. The use of laparoscopic equipment with concurrent active sanation of the abdominal cavity is advisable.

The experience of using the skeletal extension in patients with metastatic injuries of the vertebral column with the danger of squeezing the spinal cord or with the developed squeezing in combination with disorders of pelvic organ functions is shown. On the basis of the given clinical observations it is concluded that the skeletal extension is one of the methods of palliative therapy. The method makes it possible to decrease the doses of narcotic and innarcotic analgetics or to abolish them, improves the quality of life, does not require additional economic expense.

Despite the impressive success of pharmacotherapy, the development of more and more generations of antibacterial drugs, the proportion of pneumonia in the structure of human morbidity is quite large. Thus, in Russia annually more than 1.5 million people are observed by doctors for this disease, of which 20% are admitted to hospitals due to the severity of the disease. Among all hospitalized patients with bronchopulmonary inflammation, excluding acute respiratory viral infections, the number of patients with pneumonia exceeds 60%.

The urgency of the problem of traumatic brain injury is explained by its increasing frequency, significant mortality and severity of the consequences. In the treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury, we used laser therapy. 182 patients with craniocerebral trauma of varying severity (men - 129, women - 53, age - 16-40 years) were treated in the intensive care and neurosurgical departments.

The incidence of paroxysmal vegetative disorders in users of videodisplay terminals, as well as the dependence of the disorders on some individual peculiarities of workers: sex, age, a series of social demographic, family and behaviour characteristics and general physical training are studied. The incidence of vegetative paroxysms in women — users of videodisplay terminals was higher than in women not working with videodisplay terminals. It is shown that women — users of videodisplay terminals aged 30 and older are a group of increased risk from the standpoint of paroxysmal vegetative disorders.

The data of medicosocial study of the families having a father abusing alcohol are presented. The disease incidence of children in sociopathic families was studied by the data of taking medical advice and medical examination. The complex estimation of their health state showed that one third of the sociopathic group (33,2%) refers to III—IV health groups, that is they have various chronic diseases. The social and medical care for them can be considered as the priority direction in maternity and child protection.

The social and hygienic aspects of the reath rate of children and teenagers as a result of accidents, traumas and intoxication are studied. Higher level of the death rate of children living in rural regions, especially of males is revealed. The basic cause of unfavourable incomes in unnatural death in children aged up to one was asphyxia as a result of aspiration of food and vomiting, older than one were drowning and road-transport accidents, from 10 to 14 — suicides, from 15 to 17 — suicides and road-transport accidents. The coordinated and interdisciplinary measures are necessary to solve the problem connected with accidents and injuries in children.

The experience of using in obstetric practice the adaptive computer technologies which make it possible to come to the true management decision is shown. The quality of diagnosis and prediction of pathologic states of pregnants increases, the risk groups are revealed more operative in using the examination system.

Many existing designs of modern domestic and foreign X-ray apparatus do not allow the use of a screening grating in some X-ray studies. For example, it is impossible to use a raster when working on a mobile ward apparatus without a special “Deck” for laterographic studies.

Preventive medicine is an area of scientific knowledge about the preservation and strengthening of the health of the population, the laws of its formation in unity with the environment. It is closely related to ecology, sociology, biology and other scientific disciplines, knowledge of which is necessary to identify cause-and-effect relationships in a complex health-environment system.

An extensive scientific literature is devoted to the problem of myocardial infarction (MI), among which there are many monographs. The book under review is distinguished by a wide coverage of the problem with the use of world and domestic literature. In addition, her own views on MI are clearly traced in it. The author pays great attention to the clinic of MI, believing that the propaedeutic examination of the patient, the detailing and verification of symptoms, the ability to doubt when everything seems simple or “classic” are still relevant.