Vol 23, No 4 (1927)

Veszi, a student of Verworn, pointed out that by attaching a stimulus from the X centripetal root to the IX centripetal root, inhibition can be obtained. We repeated Veszi's experiments. It turned out that inhibition is most easily obtained when the frequency of current for both roots is different, but in general it is obtained both when the strength of currents is different, and when the strength and frequency of current for both roots are the same. In the latter case, the inhibition phenomenon is more easily obtained from a fatigued preparation.

In this article I would like to touch upon one of the basic questions of modern medicine that life itself urges. It is the question of revising the method of clinical work, of revising the direction of the doctor's thought, which has taken root in his mind as a result of the inertia of the progressive advance of medicine, which at one time, probably since Hippocrates, has had a definite bias in its development. And this inertia of medical thought, as if logically justified by the length of time we have been working in a certain direction, thereby hypnotizes us, forcing us to recognize correctness where it does not really exist.

After the work of Воеnhеіm, who for the first time made systematic observations on the influence of hormones on gastric secretion, and after a series of subsequent clinical and experimental observations, it was established in science that, along with other organs, hormones do not leave the stomach unaffected. It is true that up to the present time there is not yet complete consistency in the assessment of their influence, but at the same time there is no doubt that they have an effect on the stomach.

False aneurysms are relatively rare in peacetime. Even more rare is the operation of vascular suture in common carotid artery aneurysm. This last circumstance prompts us to describe a case of false aneurysm, where suturing of a. carotis communis was required, which took place in our clinic.

The treatment of inflammatory diseases of the female genitalia has long been one of the most important tasks of the gynecologist. With the development of surgery, surgical methods of treatment began to be applied: exudates were removed, the uterus and inflamed appendages were extirpated, etc.; but the danger of surgical intervention on the one hand, and on the other - the severe consequences of removal of organs such as ovaries, especially in young women - forced gynecologists to spend much effort in discovering and improving non-operative methods of treatment of inflammatory diseases of the female genital parts. Among these methods, physical methods such as water, mud, light baths, massage, etc., as well as those related to electricity have long been prominent.

When looking at the various manifestations of syphilis in its primary and secondary periods, the old syphilidologists noted that in individual patients they proceed differently: while in some patients the secondary period, for example, is characterized by a profuse roseless, papular or pustular rash, which is often preceded by a vigorous prodromal period of fever, in others it proceeds very sluggishly, The secondary period is characterized by an abundant rosellar, papular or pustular rash, which is often preceded by a violent prodromal period with fever, while in others it runs very sluggish, the rash is barely noticed or absent at all (so called lues sine exantheniate). Comparing then the manifestations of the secondary period with the further course of lues, many syphilidologists have come to the conclusion that a more or less violent manifestation of the primary and secondary periods of the disease exempts the patient from lesions of the nervous system, and vice versa, having mild skin manifestations during these periods are candidates for tabes and progressive paralysis.

Death by lightning is a rarity in the practice of the forensic scientist. Many of the experts with a great experience have never had such cases in their practice and have only a vague idea of the changes which occur on the body of the killed person according to textbooks. Having in my practice three cases of death from the action of lightning, I will allow myself to inform those observations which contradict the data usually stated in the textbooks of forensic medicine.

Therapy of skin diseases by intravenous injections of various drugs is not new and has its own history. At one time Mayer and Linser achieved great success in one severe case of dermatosis during pregnancy (impetigo herpetiformis) by intravenous injections of the blood serum of a healthy pregnant woman. Shortly thereafter, Linser was able to achieve the same success in some similar cases that did not respond to any other therapeutic measures.

The author had the opportunity to observe a 22-year-old patient with gigantism since the first months of life. Considering the question of the relation of gigantism to acromegaly, the author dwells on the theory that gigantism develops due to hyperplasia of cellular elements of the anterior pituitary lobe, while acromegaly - due to adenoma of its eosinophilic elements. In his case, the author applied X-ray therapy.

To find out the influence of the chemical composition of salt on hemolysis, the authors set up a series of experiments with titration of hemolytic sera and complement, and tested a number of physiological NaCl solutions used in the laboratories of Moscow.

The author treats cancer with intravenous injections of lead salts. Of 227 cases of cancer treated with this method, 41 resulted in clinical recovery.

The authors, studying the blood condition in 4 cases of streptococcal sepsis, treated successfully with anti-streptococcal serum, found the following changes: 1) in the height of the disease eosinophils in the blood were completely absent, with the improvement of the patients under the influence of serotherapy there was a rapid increase in their number; 2) this improvement was followed by an increase in the relative number of lymphocytes and a decrease of left shift.

Diuretin, when used per os, is a bad diureticum, since it acts diuretic only in anacidic gastric juices, but in normal or elevated hydrochloric acid in the latter diuretin often leads even to a decrease in diuresis. 

In the literature there are indications that when exposed to these rays the Ca content in the blood increases. Studies of the author, made on 60 persons aged from 4 to 65 years, show that this is not entirely true: the author observed from the action of ultraviolet rays increased Ca content only in those cases where it had previously been reduced against the norm; in those individuals who had normal Ca content, its change after lighting was not observed.

The authors traced the changes of SR (sedimentation reaction) and leukocyte formula under the influence of limanotherapy, sometimes combined with protein therapy, in 152 patients with diseases of the joint and nervous system.

According to V. I. Znamensky indicated for treatment in Matsesta: 1) diseases of the peripheral nervous system, -neuralgia, neuritis; 2) diseases of the central nervous system connected with disorders of the cardiovascular system, - hemiplegia and hemiparesis due to thrombosis and embolism; (treatment of acute forms of the mentioned diseases, it goes without saying, is contraindicated); 3) Luetic diseases,-vascular syphilis of the brain, lues cerebrospinalis, meningo-myelitis, tabes dorsalis incipiens and Luetic radiculitis (here; baths, giving increase of metabolism and excretions, make possible mercury treatment with impunity); 4) remnants of lethargic encephalitis.

The author suggests the following method: take 5.0 of the test feces by eye, thoroughly grind it in a porcelain mortar with excess acetone and filter it, and the feces remaining on the filter is washed with acetone until almost discolored liquid flows out; after the acetone is squeezed with a pestle as much as possible, the feces is removed from the filter into another porcelain mortar, grinded with 20 cc. c. of a mixture of alcohol and glacial acetic acid (1 c. c. of acid to 1 c. c. of absol. alcohol), is filtered again, and 1 c. c. of the filtrate is poured into a mixture consisting of 1 c. of Leukomethyl-violett'a or Leukofuchsin with 2 drops of 3% hydrogen peroxide.

Chronic colitis never develops from acute catarrh of the intestines, but always inadvertently, with constitution and nutritional status playing an important role in the etiology. Topographically, a distinction is made between ascending colitis, sigmoiditis, proctitis, and diffuse colitis, and among the cases of sigmoiditis-sigmoiditis mucosa, haemorragica, and atrophicans.

The authors, based on experimental and clinical observations, consider the passage of tbc filtered virus through the placenta to be proven and support their conclusion with a representative case.

It is known that when cachectic conditions persist for a long time in the elderly (especially in cancerous cachexia), tubercular processes often break out, seemingly completely cured. This is usually explained by the weakening of the organism's resistance to tbc.

The author advises to use luminal instead of morphine in patients undergoing surgery before ether anesthesia.

Considering indications for surgical intervention in bleeding gastric ulcers, the author divides cases of this kind into 2 groups: 1) cases where the ulcer is accompanied by a single severe bleeding, and 2) cases where there is acute recurrent bleeding.

After the examination of sphincteroplasty as a method of operative treatment of inguinal hernia, Bleek, based on his own experience (12 cases), suggests that after exposing the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle, it should be dissected in the usual way, making two parallel incisions immediately next to the pouparticular ligament and on the medial side.

In the author's opinion, in isolated paralysis of the ni. quadricipitis femoris, transplantation of m. sartorii and m. tensoris fasciae latae to it is sufficient; in more severe cases, arthrodesis of the knee joint is necessary, which can be done at 7-8 years of age with subsequent fixation in a cast for 4-6 months.

The author's technique is as follows: the skin incision begins from the middle of the cristae ilei, 1 cm below it, and runs parallel to it to the sp. il. ant. sup.; from here the incision goes down vertically and passing half of the thigh length, it turns at right angles to the outer surface of the thigh to its middle; the outlined skin flap is cut off and folded outward, exposing the broad femoral fascia and troch. major. Then they penetrate at the sp. il. ant. sup. into the space between tensor fasciae latae and gluteus, médius and, descending along the anterior edge of the latter, dissect the broad fascia to the apex of the greater trochanter, then make an incision through the fascia, running along the edges of the skin defect, rising along its medial edge to the muscle belly of tensoris fasciae latae. The fascial-muscular flap outlined in this way is cut off and folded upward and inward, serving as material for interposition in the future.

Regarding the effect of the loss of ovarian function on blood pressure, the most common view is that abnormally high blood pressure and abnormal fluctuations in blood pressure are a symptom peculiar to menopause.

The author points out the fallacy of the rather widespread view that fetal heart rate disorders in the first period of labor are relatively innocent. In 6035 deliveries the author observed fetal heart rate disorders in 2% in the form of deceleration below 100 beats; per minute, acceleration above 160 beats and pronounced arrhythmia; of these children 23% died, 30% were born asphyxiated.

The authors studied maternal blood status in cases of fetal intrauterine death and found a known consistency in the changes observed.

The author uses the following treatment: 14 cc of blood is taken from the ulnar vein and mixed with 6 cc of sterile distilled water. After rapid shaking, hemolysis occurs, after which the blood is injected intramuscularly. The author warmly recommends this method of treatment, as 2 to 4 injections are required for complete cure. Especially suitable for such therapy are cases giving positive reaction according to Davis'y.

The author describes the following 2 cases of general gonorrhoeal sepsis.

The author believes that common commercial vaccines have no effect on the course of this process. He recommends freshly prepared gonococcal vaccines under the following conditions: 1) the strain obtained from fresh acute gonorrhea is conducted no more than 2 times through culture medium: 2) the gonococci are killed in the absence of any disinfectants; and 3) the vaccine is consumed no later than 2 months from its preparation.

The author notes that diphtheria, especially primary diphtheria of the outer ear, is extremely rare. The usual way of spreading the infection should be considered the pharynx, the Eustachian tube, the middle ear, and finally the outer ear. Therefore, all cases of supposedly primary diphtheria with perforation of the tympanic membrane and former, existing or subsequent otitis media should be considered doubtful.

Noting that diseases of the cranial nervous system may result from 1) infection, 2) nutritional disturbances, and 3) disturbances of normal stimuli (reflexes), the author points out that a huge percentage of infectious diseases of the brain and the meninges have their source in the nose and its appendage cavities. Almost all cranial nerves can also be infected from the nose and its appendages.

The publication last year of Professor M. M. Nevyadomsky's Mechanics will certainly awaken interest in the name of Professor Zakhar'in. If, as D. D. Pletnev put it, we do not know Russian scientific medicine (Pletnev, Russian therapeutic schools), yet such representatives of it as Zakharyin, Botkin, Ostroumov, L. Popov, Volkov, Obraztsov, Shatilov, etc., can be called classics of Russian clinical medicine. In recent years, we have seen in Russian medical literature a number of works profound in content and original in their very title, such as, for example, "Introduction to Thanatology. In recent years we have seen in the Russian medical literature a number of works of profound content and originality, such as "Introduction to Thanatology" by Prof. Shore and the aforementioned "Mechanics of Vital Signs of the Sick Man" by Prof. Neviadomsky.

Session of March, 8
Demonstration of preparations of peptic postoperative ulcer on the material of the Surgery Department of the Lip Hospital.
Demonstration of patient with disseminating form of cancer recurrence around postoperative scar after breast removal operation.

Dr. Fialkov: Observations on the effect of magnesium sulfate injections in postpartum and postoperative isuria. The speaker conducted these observations for two years, and for injections a 10% solution of magnesium sulfate was used, which was injected in an amount of 5 to 10 cc; injections had to be made up to 3-4 times, with the earliest urination observed 30 minutes after the first injection.

Prof. L. Bogolubov was confirmed by the GUS as a professor at the Hospital Surgery Clinic of Kazan University. V.L.Bogoliubov was confirmed by the State University of Medicine and Pharmacy as a professor of the Hospital Surgical Clinic of Kazan-University of Kazan.For the vacant chair of skin and venereal diseases the corresponding subject committee and the Medical Faculty of Kazan-University of Kazan presented prof. S.A. Flerov has been elected by the Medical Faculty of Kazan University as a privat-docent of surgery.

How common is the complete congenital absence of the uterus and appendages in women, and what literature might be recommended on the subject?                                                          Dr. I. Lyandres.
Answer.  Which cases are not particularly rare. In Kazan obstetric-gynecological clinic during last 26 years, for example, according to the calculation made recently by Dr. D.P.Davydovy, over 50 (54) cases of this kind were registered. The newest monograph devoted to the question of female genital malformations, belonging to prof. Kermannner, is published in volume III of multivolume manual "Biologie und Pathologie des Weibes" by Nalban and Seitz; there is a list of literature on this question.
Prof. V. Gruzdev.