Vol 39, No 4 (1958)
Clinical and theoretical medicine on some topical issues of pathogenesis and treatment of purulent peritonitis
Abstract
Despite the fact that the treatment of purulent peritonitis has long attracted the attention of surgeons, many questions of the pathogenesis and treatment of this formidable complication of various pathological processes of the abdominal cavity are still far from complete resolution. This is evidenced by the relatively high mortality (15-20%) of patients with diffuse, purulent peritonitis, even with correct surgical tactics in relation to the main processes leading to peritonitis, and when using all methods of conservative treatment.
Current state of esophageal and cardiac cancer surgery
Abstract
In order to give a close to reality characteristic of the current state of surgery for esophageal and cardiac cancer, one should consider the main views concerning the tactics of surgeons, as well as an analysis of the immediate and long-term results of surgical treatment of this disease.
New electrosurgical methods of common and total gastric resections for cancer
Abstract
The principles of methods of electrosurgical resections of the stomach have been developed by a number of authors (S. A. Holdin, 1941, 1952; M. S. Shulman, 1948; V. Bebekok, 1942). Common to all variants of the technique is the rejection of suturing mucous membranes, restoration of the continuity of the gastrointestinal canal due to serous-muscular sutures, replacement of conventional methods of hemostasis
On some principles of surgical treatment and prevention of laryngeal cancer
Abstract
Although the methods of anticancer control over the past decade have significantly enriched due to the widespread introduction into practice of ionizing radiation - radiation therapy, it should still be recognized that in relation to cancer of the larynx, like some of its other localizations, surgical methods, with all their negative aspects, in many cases remain irreplaceable and therefore subject to further development and improvement.
Topical issues in the treatment of open bone fractures
Abstract
With an abundance of literature on the treatment of patients with open skeletal injuries, this problem still deserves serious attention. Significant advances in modern science in the field of in-depth study of the dynamics of very complex processes accompanying trauma, and the discovery of effective antibiotic drugs have a positive role in resolving a number of issues related to open bone fractures.
Outcomes of surgical treatment of inflammatory processes of the biliary tract during surgery under local anesthesia
Abstract
It is known that the highest mortality rate with general inhalation anesthesia is observed during operations on the biliary tract. On this occasion, AV Vishnevsky [3] wrote: "The dangers of anesthesia during surgical operations should be circumvented by the widespread use of local anesthesia." We would like to report on the effect of local anesthesia on the outcomes of surgical treatment of inflammatory processes of the biliary tract based on the experience of the surgical clinic of the pedagogical faculty of the KSMI.
Experience of using potentiated anesthesia in surgical practice
Abstract
The problem of anesthesia, which was first scientifically substantiated in the works of N.I. Pirogov, has now grown into a separate branch of science - anesthesiology. Modern pain management encompasses a wide range of pharmacological, physiological, clinical and surgical issues. The concept of anesthesia involves not only the elimination of feelings, pain, but also a number of measures to regulate vital functions and reduce metabolic disorders that occur during each surgical intervention.
Experience of resection of the lung and its parts in tuberculosis
Abstract
Radical lung operations were developed in detail in our country by N. A. Bakulev, P. A. Kupriyanov, L. K. Bogush, F. G. Uglov, N. M. Amosov, I. S. Kolesnikov. Sufficient experience has been accumulated in this operation for tuberculosis and non-tuberculous chronic lung diseases. As the indications and contraindications were clarified, the technique of various types of resection was mastered, mortality and the number of postoperative complications decreased, and the outcomes improved.
Pulmonary suppuration after pneumonia and lobectomy
Abstract
One of the urgent tasks of pulmonary surgery is the fight against postoperative complications. As you know, complications can occur both in the first days after the operation, and in the late and long-term period. From the complications of the long-term period after radical lung operations, along with bronchial fistulas and empyema, suppurative processes after lobectomy and pneumonectomy deserve attention for the study.
A new method for the operation of large ventral hernias
Abstract
There are many methods of ventral hernia surgery (pr MP Rukhlyadeva, more than 80), which indicates that they are insufficiently satisfactory. The main reason is the recurrence of the hernia due to atrophy of the displaced muscle layers, aponeurosis of the skin, etc.
The choice of a method of treatment for various forms and stages of obliterating endarteritis
Abstract
The prevalence of the disease obliterating endarteritis has a great connection with the past World War II. In the conditions of the active army and in the postwar years, according to MI Khvilivitskaya and IV Davydovsky, this disease accounted for 11.8% of all vascular diseases.
Acute intestinal obstruction
Abstract
The present work is devoted to patients with various forms of acute intestinal obstruction who passed through the clinic during the period from 1946 to 1955. During this period, 903 patients with acute intestinal obstruction were admitted to the clinic, of which 362 patients (40.1%) were subjected to surgery. treatment, and the remaining 541 (59.9%), although clinically had a picture of acute intestinal obstruction, but their intestinal obstruction was resolved by conservative measures. In this work, we present observations only on operated patients.
Long-term results of surgical intervention in patients with narrowing of the left venous opening and non-closure of the Botallov duct
Abstract
Currently, operations for narrowing the left venous opening have ceased to be a casuistic incident and have entered the circle of daily work of surgical clinics (A.N. Bakulev, A.A. Vishnevsky, A.V. Gulyaev, V.I. Kazansky, P.A. Kupriyanov, E. N. Meshalkin, B. V. Petrovsky, F. G. Uglov and many others).
Long-term results of treatment of lung abscesses with antibiotics and sulfonamides
Abstract
According to the data of the therapeutic department of the Republican Clinical Hospital in Kazan, the number of patients with lung abscesses has noticeably decreased. This demonstrates the success achieved in the treatment of pneumonia. Nevertheless, the problem of effective therapy for lung abscess remains relevant.
The results of the operation to remove the uterus and vagina with prolapse according to our modification
Abstract
G. K-Cherepakhin) of the 12th hospital of the mountains. Gorky There are hundreds of methods and modifications for surgical treatment of prolapse and prolapse of the vagina and uterus. If we take into account that the main goal of surgery is not only to eliminate the loss, but also to prevent the possibility of relapse, then it should be noted that most of the existing methods are far from perfect. A wide choice of methods makes it possible to adhere to the principle: each patient has his own operation, taking into account the peculiarities of each case.
Experience of allo- and homoplasty of blood vessels in experiment
Abstract
Over the past decades; great success has been achieved in the surgery of the main vessels. Either alloplastic or bioplastic material is suitable for vascular plastics. Foreign material for connecting vessels has been used since the end of the last century. Currently at the Institute of Surgery. Vishnevsky, Donetsk ring is used for stitching vessels.
Poin antiblastic properties according to the experiment
Abstract
The relevance of the search for new means of combating malignant tumors stems from the limited effectiveness of their surgical and radiation treatment. It is especially tempting to use antibiotics, which have had tremendous success in other fields of medicine. A lot of research is being carried out in the Soviet Union in this direction.
Practical observations and short messages on the technique of blood transfusion
Abstract
With intravenous blood transfusion, technical difficulties may occur: poorly expressed veins on the limbs, scars after former venous sections, the inability to free the patient's limb during the operation, especially during thoracic or abdominal operations. Faced with similar difficulties, we performed intravenous transfusions of blood and various solutions into the cutaneous vein of the neck - the external jugular vein.
On the question of grigoriu surgery for uterine prolapse
Abstract
There are a large number of surgical methods for treating uterine prolapse, and this alone indicates that it is difficult to choose an operation that would give radical short and long-term results and at the same time would be the least traumatic and easy to perform. Any new operation or any modification of the most common operations requires testing on a large operating material. Of particular interest is the identification and coverage in the literature of complications occurring both during the operation and at various times after it.
Large diaphragmatic hernia
Abstract
As you know, diaphragmatic hernias are divided into congenital and acquired. Acquired diaphragmatic hernias are usually caused by trauma. On the right, traumatic hernias are rare. Due to the release of the viscera into the chest cavity, the lung collapses, and the heart is displaced.
To the clinic of thromboembolic complications in septic endocarditis
Abstract
Septic endocarditis occurs with a very polymorphic clinical picture. The severity of individual symptoms varies. In some patients in the early phases endovasculitis develops, and the whole disease proceeds with a predominance of endothelial symptoms, in others, progressive phenomena of cardiovascular failure come to the fore, anemia is sharply expressed, in others - various variants of renal lesions.
On the work of the TASSR Surgical Society in 1957
Abstract
The activities of the TASSR Surgical Society in 1957 developed in three sections: 1) scientific meetings of the Surgical Society; 2) the work of members of the surgical society to help the health authorities of the TASSR; 3) social work of members of the surgical society. In 1957, 17 scientific meetings were held, 2 - jointly with the Council of the Institute of Reconstructive Surgery, 2 - with the Society of Oncologists, 2 - with the Society of Neuropathologists and 1 - with the Society of Phthisiologists.
O nauchno-prakticheskoy mezhoblastnoy konferentsii obshchestva akusherov-ginekologov v Kazani S 4 po 6 iyunya 1958 goda sostoyalas' mezhoblastnaya konferentsiya, posvyashchennaya nauchnym i prakticheskim voprosam akusherstva i ginekologii. Eta konferentsiya byla organizovana Ministerstvom zdravookhraneniya TASSR i Kazanskim nauchnym obshchestvom akusherov-ginekologov po predlozheniyu Pravleniya Vserossiyskogo akushersko- ginekologicheskogo obshchestva. Ещё 417 / 5000 keyboard Результаты перевода About the scientific and practical interregional conference of the society of obstetricians and gynecologists in Kazan
Abstract
From 4 to 6 June 1958, an interregional conference was held on scientific and practical issues of obstetrics and gynecology. This conference was organized by the Ministry of Health of the TASSR and the Kazan Scientific Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists at the suggestion of the Board of the All-Russian Obstetric and Gynecological Society.
Experience of anesthesiologist in open heart surgery using an extracardiac source of blood circulation
Abstract
The method of extracardiac circulation is based on the use of a pump - an oxygenator, which, during heart surgery, circulates blood circulation at the lowest possible level (35-40 or 60-100 ml per 1 kg of body weight per minute), which is necessary to maintain oxidative processes in the heart and central nervous system. During perfusion, the pressure on the brachial artery is usually in the range of 50-60 mm Hg. Art., and venous pressure, as a rule, is higher than normal.
Results of using nylon prostheses for vascular anastomoses and grafts
Abstract
From June 1956 to August 15, 1957, the authors performed 57 operations on vessels in 54 patients using nylon prostheses. Operations were performed for aortic aneurysms, peripheral vascular aneurysms, segmental thrombosis of the aorta and femoral artery (in the area of the Gunter's canal) and other vascular disorders developing in old people with diabetes.
Electrocardiographic monitoring of heart activity during cardiovascular operations performed under artificial hypothermia
Abstract
To monitor the activity of the heart during surgical interventions on the heart and large vessels under controlled hypothermia with a decrease in body temperature to 31-28 ° C, a combined cardioscope was used, which allows you to simultaneously record an electrocardiogram and monitor its deviations at the most important stages of the operation.
Analysis of anti-epidemic work in relation to infectious hepatitis carried out in Prague for 5 years
Abstract
The fight against infectious hepatitis in recent years has been one of the main tasks of public health in Czechoslovakia. Over the past 5 years, the incidence of jaundice has almost halved. However, in terms of the number of diseases, infectious hepatitis remains in first place among other infectious diseases. Within five years 2.4% of the inhabitants of Prague have had a clinically expressed form of infectious hepatitis.
Anicteric forms of infectious hepatitis
Abstract
There are 3 forms of anicteric infectious hepatitis: acute, subacute and abortive (latent). Symptomatology of the acute form is characterized by an acute onset, a rapid deterioration of the general condition, fever, catarrh of the upper respiratory tract, nausea, aversion to meat and fats; objectively find an enlargement of the liver, sometimes the spleen, an increase in the level of iron and bilirubin in the blood (up to 2.%), pathological colloidal tests.
What is C-reactive protein?
Abstract
When studying serum proteins of patients suffering from various inflammatory and necrotic processes, a protein was found that is absent in the serum of healthy individuals and was called C-reactive due to the ability to precipitate the somatic C-polysaccharide of pneumococcus (as it turned out, the latter property is accidental. After the isolation of pure C-reactive protein and obtaining rabbit antiserum to it, it turned out to be possible without much difficulty to discover its presence in the serum of patients and thus to reveal the early stages of inflammatory or necrotic processes.
Chronicle
Abstract
The Board of the All-Russian Society of Surgeons informs that in accordance with the order of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR and by order of the Minister of Health of the RSFSR S.V. Kurashov No. 414 dated April 22, 1958, the All-Russian Congress of Surgeons will be held in Leningrad on December 15-20, 1958