Vol 39, No 4 (1958)

Despite the fact that the treatment of purulent peritonitis has long attracted the attention of surgeons, many questions of the pathogenesis and treatment of this formidable complication of various pathological processes of the abdominal cavity are still far from complete resolution. This is evidenced by the relatively high mortality (15-20%) of patients with diffuse, purulent peritonitis, even with correct surgical tactics in relation to the main processes leading to peritonitis, and when using all methods of conservative treatment.

The principles of methods of electrosurgical resections of the stomach have been developed by a number of authors (S. A. Holdin, 1941, 1952; M. S. Shulman, 1948; V. Bebekok, 1942). Common to all variants of the technique is the rejection of suturing mucous membranes, restoration of the continuity of the gastrointestinal canal due to serous-muscular sutures, replacement of conventional methods of hemostasis

Although the methods of anticancer control over the past decade have significantly enriched due to the widespread introduction into practice of ionizing radiation - radiation therapy, it should still be recognized that in relation to cancer of the larynx, like some of its other localizations, surgical methods, with all their negative aspects, in many cases remain irreplaceable and therefore subject to further development and improvement.

The goal of treating any fracture is to quickly achieve fusion of bone fragments in anatomically correct proportions and fully restore the function of the affected organ.

The problem of anesthesia, which was first scientifically substantiated in the works of N.I. Pirogov, has now grown into a separate branch of science - anesthesiology. Modern pain management encompasses a wide range of pharmacological, physiological, clinical and surgical issues. The concept of anesthesia involves not only the elimination of feelings, pain, but also a number of measures to regulate vital functions and reduce metabolic disorders that occur during each surgical intervention.

The development of the surgeon's tactics for penetrating wounds of the chest goes through approximately the same paths and difficulties that were in their time "in the treatment of penetrating wounds of the abdomen.

There are many methods of ventral hernia surgery (pr MP Rukhlyadeva, more than 80), which indicates that they are insufficiently satisfactory. The main reason is the recurrence of the hernia due to atrophy of the displaced muscle layers, aponeurosis of the skin, etc.

The present work is devoted to patients with various forms of acute intestinal obstruction who passed through the clinic during the period from 1946 to 1955. During this period, 903 patients with acute intestinal obstruction were admitted to the clinic, of which 362 patients (40.1%) were subjected to surgery. treatment, and the remaining 541 (59.9%), although clinically had a picture of acute intestinal obstruction, but their intestinal obstruction was resolved by conservative measures. In this work, we present observations only on operated patients.

According to the data of the therapeutic department of the Republican Clinical Hospital in Kazan, the number of patients with lung abscesses has noticeably decreased. This demonstrates the success achieved in the treatment of pneumonia. Nevertheless, the problem of effective therapy for lung abscess remains relevant.

Over the past decades; great success has been achieved in the surgery of the main vessels. Either alloplastic or bioplastic material is suitable for vascular plastics. Foreign material for connecting vessels has been used since the end of the last century. Currently at the Institute of Surgery. Vishnevsky, Donetsk ring is used for stitching vessels.

Until now, the mechanism of heterotransfusion shock remains unclear. Previous ideas about its mechanism require revision

Intraosseous anesthesia is widely used in operations on the extremities. In almost all cases, it is complete and stable throughout the operation.

There are a large number of surgical methods for treating uterine prolapse, and this alone indicates that it is difficult to choose an operation that would give radical short and long-term results and at the same time would be the least traumatic and easy to perform. Any new operation or any modification of the most common operations requires testing on a large operating material. Of particular interest is the identification and coverage in the literature of complications occurring both during the operation and at various times after it.

Patient L., 44 years old, was admitted to 1 city hospital on October 25, 1950 with a diagnosis of food intoxication.

Septic endocarditis occurs with a very polymorphic clinical picture. The severity of individual symptoms varies. In some patients in the early phases endovasculitis develops, and the whole disease proceeds with a predominance of endothelial symptoms, in others, progressive phenomena of cardiovascular failure come to the fore, anemia is sharply expressed, in others - various variants of renal lesions.

The activities of the TASSR Surgical Society in 1957 developed in three sections: 1) scientific meetings of the Surgical Society; 2) the work of members of the surgical society to help the health authorities of the TASSR; 3) social work of members of the surgical society. In 1957, 17 scientific meetings were held, 2 - jointly with the Council of the Institute of Reconstructive Surgery, 2 - with the Society of Oncologists, 2 - with the Society of Neuropathologists and 1 - with the Society of Phthisiologists.

The method of extracardiac circulation is based on the use of a pump - an oxygenator, which, during heart surgery, circulates blood circulation at the lowest possible level (35-40 or 60-100 ml per 1 kg of body weight per minute), which is necessary to maintain oxidative processes in the heart and central nervous system. During perfusion, the pressure on the brachial artery is usually in the range of 50-60 mm Hg. Art., and venous pressure, as a rule, is higher than normal.

To monitor the activity of the heart during surgical interventions on the heart and large vessels under controlled hypothermia with a decrease in body temperature to 31-28 ° C, a combined cardioscope was used, which allows you to simultaneously record an electrocardiogram and monitor its deviations at the most important stages of the operation.

In 18 patients with acute hepatitis, the administration of ACTH, 100 units. per day for 6 days caused in most cases a decrease in the serum bilirubin content and an increase in the prothrombin content.

When studying serum proteins of patients suffering from various inflammatory and necrotic processes, a protein was found that is absent in the serum of healthy individuals and was called C-reactive due to the ability to precipitate the somatic C-polysaccharide of pneumococcus (as it turned out, the latter property is accidental. After the isolation of pure C-reactive protein and obtaining rabbit antiserum to it, it turned out to be possible without much difficulty to discover its presence in the serum of patients and thus to reveal the early stages of inflammatory or necrotic processes.