Vol 34, No 5-6 (1938)

Local anesthesia is used to relieve normal labor in various forms. Carrying out pain relief of labor, I adhered to the method proposed by Professor A.V. Vishnevsky.

The role of the thyroid gland in the economy of the body is very great. The thyroid gland (thyroid gland) exhibits an extremely great influence on metabolism. It primarily supports the energy of oxidative processes in the body and increases the basic cellular metabolism, which, in both a healthy person and in animals, invariably increases under the influence of the introduction of a substance into food. g. It is, further, an important organ of protein metabolism, stimulating nitrogenous breakdown.

The issue of eclampsia has been discussed by many authors for a number of years and has not yet left the press. There are various theories of the pathogenesis of this disease, the theory of fetal exchange; placental theory based on the inclusion of the placenta in the endocrine gland system; the theory of dysfunction of the endocrine system, causing a violation of cellular metabolism (Arkhangelsky); a hypothesis about the connection of eclampsia with a disorder of internal secretion of the endocrine glands, mainly of the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and the thyroid gland (Küstner, Heim, etc.) - cited from Gruzdev).

The current state of obstetric care in the USSR has made the operation of embryotomy and, in particular, decapitation extremely rare: with our wide possibility of hospitalization of all childbirth, it is almost unacceptable to start the lateral position before the need for an embryotomy operation. Yet such facts still exist, although they are encountered less and less.

The most important in determining the preoperative state of the patient is the state of the cardiovascular system, the disorder of which is one of the most common causes of unexpected death. Up to 70 different methods have been proposed to test the performance of the circulatory system, but none of them can be a truly reliable method for diagnosing and predicting the state of the heart and the entire cardiovascular system. All these methods are based on changes in blood pressure and respiration from the side of the pulse and do not have sufficient accuracy. In 1921, Kaufman proposed a method with diuresis to detect latent cardiac decompensation. The visible manifestations of physical decompensation of the heart are preceded by an invisible latent stage. One of the visible manifestations of heart failure is edema, but it can also be in a latent (latent) stage that cannot be clinically taken into account, since our body is able to keep up to 6 liters of water in excess of the norm without visible edema (Vidal).

Among the causes of cervical atresia, abrasion in conjunction with dilatation of the cervical canal with bougie Hegara acquired, especially over the past decades, a dominant role.

“The incidence of ectopic pregnancy should prompt clinicians to scrutinize the etiology of the disease and pay particular attention to prevention” (Genter). According to modern concepts, inflammatory changes in the fallopian tubes are the dominant cause of ectopic (tubal) pregnancy (Gruzdev, Hoehne). Of great theoretical and practical interest is the elucidation of the nature of the inflammation that caused the tubal pregnancy, that is, what kind of infection prevails here - septic or gonorrhea (Kozdrv, Levit).

Clinical diagnosis of ovarian dermoids, as a rule, is devoid of supporting points that allow to reliably recognize this group of neoplasms. Some features in the clinical course of ovarian dermoids (location in the vesicouterine space, pronounced mobility) cannot be defined as characteristic features of only these tumors and, therefore, lose their diagnostic value. Only in those relatively rare cases when it is possible to palpate a dense, sometimes hard area in the wall of the cystic ovarian tumor, the diagnosis of dermoid becomes most convincing. But this requires the presence of a number of such favorable conditions as the severity of the bone-cartilaginous tissue in the area of ​​the parenchymal tubercle, the relatively stable position of the tumor with the compacted area facing the abdominal wall, the absence of a combination of dermoids with other cystic tumors, and a sufficient dermoid size. This relatively rare combination of these moments was observed in our clinic only 2 times in 57 cases of ovarian dermoids.

The possibility of administering a medicinal substance to the human body using an electric current was proved by the quite convincing experiments of Khitorf, Shatskiy, Anikin, Ledyuk, Labatu, Weiss, extensive works of prof. Shcherbak and his collaborators (Georgievskaya, Pevzner, Surguchev, Brook, etc.) The high value of this method in gynecological practice is indicated by a large experimental and clinical material reported both in foreign and domestic literature.

Blood transfusion, as a therapeutic method, in recent years has won a solid place in the arsenal of therapeutic measures at the bedside of a gynecological patient, a woman in labor and a postpartum woman. It is used in obstetrics and gynecology as a substituting, stimulating, antitoxic, hemostatic and antishock treatment. But despite the widespread use of blood transfusion and the clinic's extensive experience, we are at the stage of accumulating factual material on some theoretical and practical issues of blood transfusion. The latter, after a certain period of time, must be analyzed for appropriate conclusions. The purpose of this work is to analyze the experience of blood transfusion in the obstetric and gynecological clinic of the Kazan GIDUV from 1934 to 1937 inclusive.

One of the serious complications after surgery, which has to be feared, is intestinal paralysis. No matter how carefully the intestines are handled during laparotomies, the latter is often subject to injury from both mechanical stress and from drying, cooling, the use of chemicals and from general anesthesia. To a certain extent, intestinal atony occurs almost after each laparotomy, but in the vast majority of cases this atony is safe, after 1-2 days, normal bowel function occurs on its own or after taking a number of therapeutic measures, such as a heating pad, enema, bowel lavage, from drugs - physiostigmine, pituitrin, etc. In some cases, therapeutic measures do not give the desired effect. There is such a degree of paralytic state of the intestine, which dictates the need for urgent surgical measures (enterostomosis).

Gr-ka B., 30 years old, was admitted to the gynecological department of Snezhnyanskaya hospital on 1 VII 32 for artificial termination of pregnancy for a period of 3 months. An internal examination revealed an uneven increase in the uterus; during curettage, the fetus and placenta were removed for about ½ month.

The first case. 30 / ІV 1932 in Berdichevskaya obstetrician-gynecologist, hospital (history of childbirth No. 11.8) received gr. LK, 18 years old, married, worker of a shoe factory, Jewish. Her husband is 19 years old, married for less than a year, 1 time pregnant. Considers herself pregnant for about 7 months; when were the last menstruation, does not remember, menstruation began at the age of 13, last for 5 or 6 days. The first movement of the fetus was felt 2 months ago. All the time I felt the child's movements very weakly. The last sexual intercourse was two weeks ago. The woman in labor attended the consultation inaccurately, only twice. The last time I was in the consultation was 25/IV, and the card contains a doctor's record - the fetal heartbeat is not audible. The woman in labor had 6 brothers and sisters, all died, alcoholism and syphilis are denied, there were no twins or deformities in the family.

Description of the Goryaev grid. In 1935 the Leningrad Institute of Precision Mechanics and Optics mastered the production of chambers for counting blood cells. The produced chambers are made of one glass plate, built like the Burker double chamber and equipped with the original Goryaev grid). I must say that before these cameras appeared on our market, there were only cameras from the OVU Experimental Laboratory. YuZ (Odessa), cameras of poor quality, which put laboratory workers in a hopeless position.

Prof. NB Medvedeva (Kiev), in a co-report on the same topic, indicated that colloidoclastic shock is accompanied by a change in the ratio of the recipient's blood proteins under the influence of a meeting with donor proteins.

In a public meeting of the Kazan State Medical Institute on 13 / ІV 38, an assistant at the surgical clinic of the Kazan State Pedagogical University Sh. Kh. Zhdanov defended his thesis for the degree of candidate of medical sciences.

The author cites a number of works in which the placenta is considered as a gland with endocrine secretion, as well as a number of observations (Ballerini, Gontana, etc.) about the effect of placental hormones on the mammary glands and lactation.

Estron is able to cause proliferation of the glandular alveoli of the mammary gland, not only in an oil solution, but also in a much less active aqueous solution.

The author has collected in the literature 500 cases of early puberty in girls, characterized by the appearance of menstruation, hair growth, enlargement of the uterus, appendages and mammary glands, typical fat deposition, early ossification, and a discrepancy between mental development and somatic development.

The various forms of menorrhagia seem to depend on the presence of excessive amounts of estrine. This increased production can be caused by the gonadotropic hormone of the anterior pituitary gland, which disrupts the balance between the secretion products of the corpus luteum and ovarian folliculin.

Reported good results in treating fistula folliculin after incisions for mastitis.

Having listed the methods of processing the stump of the appendix that are still used and those encountered after their complications, aa. indicate that in cases with an infiltrated and edematous wall of the cecum, the only possible way, due to the difficulty of immersion of the stump, is its simple ligation.

Bromoethyl, which is an excellent analgesic agent, has been relatively little used over the past two decades due to the difficulty of obtaining a chemically pure drug; the admixture of alcohol, ether and bromoform to it often led to complications during anesthesia.

In several cases of severe purulent diseases of the extremities (phlegmon, gangrene), as well. successfully used intra-arterial injections of mercurochrome.

For the treatment of bursitis subdeltoidea a. recommends the following method: after local anesthesia with novocaine, a needle is inserted into the cavity of the mucous bag at a certain point of the shoulder; with a sufficiently wide lumen, liquid begins to stand out from it.

The most widespread of surgical interventions for osteoarticular tuberculosis is arthrodesis. After the operative fixation of the spine according to the Olbi method, extra-articular arthrodesis began to be used for tuberculous coxitis with quite satisfactory results.

Reporting the results of an experimental study in dogs of the effects of various extracts of the prostate gland on the kidneys. Studies have shown that aqueous extracts of hypertrophied prostates in dogs and humans have severe kidney toxicity; extracts from the normal prostate gland of dogs cause only minor and transient changes in the kidneys.

A 35-year-old man suffered from urinary disorders and hemaguria for 3 years.

A 72-year-old man came with complaints of urinary incontinence.

In all cases of acute epididymitis, when conservative therapy is used, which does not lead to a decrease in pain in the epididymis and a decrease in temperature within 24 hours, the author considers an epididymotomy to be indicated; it is more expedient to use this method in the earliest stages of the disease, when the development of abscesses in the epididymis can be suspected.

White prontosil was used in the treatment of 20 patients with acute and chronic gonorrhea, of which 25 people were cured with the appointment of an average of 15 to 18 grams of the drug per course of treatment.

The authors describe three cases of gonorrhea coxitis. Deformation of the bone in the form of extensive abrasion of the femoral head, smoothing of the protrusion of the coadilus, its subluxation and ptosis of the glenoid fossa appear very early, over several days.

In the treatment of gonorrhea arthritis, active hyperthermia can be used, caused by the injection of an emulsion of microbial bodies or chemicals, and passive, carried out using physical methods of warming. Each of these methods has its own merits.

Septicemia with gonorrhea can be fleeting and quickly localized in the joints or tendons. It can also be of a longer duration, accompanied by endocarditis or without it. In the presence of endocarditis, the prognosis is always difficult.

1. Presiding Prof. N.V. Sokolov announced the death of the honored scientist prof. Sergeevich Gruzdev's quiz. The memory of the deceased is honored by rising.
2. Prof. NV Sokolov made a speech dedicated to the XX anniversary of the Red Army. The resolution was adopted unanimously.

Demonstrations:

3. Dr. V. A. Suvorov. A case of hemolytic shock cured by novocaine block according to Vishnevsky.