Vol 19, No 2 (1923)
Pathological physiology of bilateral pneumothorax
Abstract
In Book I of "Chir. Veliaminov's Archive" for 1915 in the article: "Is life possible in bilateral pneumothorax?" I quoted a number of authoritative representatives of physiology and clinic (Landois, Nagel, Verigo, Sauerbruch, Fraentzel), unanimously considering bilateral pneumothorax as an extremely acute and certainly lethal pathological process. To these names I could add the name of Rosenthal and many others. On the other hand, clinical casuistry is quite rich in cases of undoubtedly bilateral pneumothorax, which not only was not followed by immediate death, but often ended in complete recovery. This leads to the conclusion that in the contradiction of clinical observations to the data of the physiological statement there is some gap, which can be eliminated only by a carefully conducted experiment.



On the subject of protein therapy
Abstract
The concept of "protein therapy", which refers to the nonspecific effect of protein bodies and products of their decomposition injected parenterally on the body, was first proposed by the Prague clinician R. Sсhmidt, who began using milk injections for therapeutic purposes in 1916. A little later and independently of him, Sahl, in Vienna, published favorable results obtained from milk injection for typhoid fever.



On the endocrine pathogenesis of chronic articular rheumatism
Abstract
Among the most vigorously working endocrine glands of the human body is the thyroid gland, and among the diseases caused by disruption of its activity are those chronic diseases of the joints, which are known for the most part under the common name of chronic articular rheumatism.






On protein therapy for certain eye diseases, primarily typhoid vascular disease
Abstract
Protein therapy has been reported in foreign ophthalmological literature since 1916. Various authors used this treatment for almost all eye diseases. Thus, conjunctivitis of different origin (Friedländer), blenorrhea (Müller, Pilot, Bachstez, Wiese), trachoma, keratitis parenchyma and scrofula, corneal ulcers were subjected to this treatment, Various etiologies of iritis, serous, plastic and disseminating chorioiditis, sympathetic inflammation, retinitis pigmentosa, glaucoma, optic atrophy (Müller Thanner, Bernaud, Königstein, Rosenstein et al.)






On protein therapy for tuberculosis in children
Abstract
The question of protein therapy is currently still in a period of searching. Neither the mechanism of action of the parenterally administered protein, nor the methods of its application, nor the protein preparations most suitable for treatment have yet been established.






A view of the current state of hygiene, sanitation, and public medicine
Abstract
Hardly any other branch of medical knowledge has ever faced greater challenges, more pressing questions, than hygiene does at the present moment. The past war has uprooted about 6 million healthy, strong individuals - a direct sacrifice on the altar of Mars. To this should be added about 50 million premature deaths caused by an increase of mortality and those who were not born as a result of a decrease in the birthrate. For Russia, the total loss had already reached 21 million souls by the end of 1920, with 25 million disabled.






Coloration of parasites in the blood. Epstein (Arch. R. Protista. Comm., II)
Abstract
The author recommends the following method based on Sсhilling's principles: a smear is fixed in one of the usual ways; then the glass with it is placed, smear down, in a Petri cup, where equal amounts of 2 solutions are poured simultaneously.



To the history of the development of spirochetes. Leishmann (Centr. f. Bakter., Ref., Bd. 72, 1921)
Abstract
On the basis of observations on patients with African relapsing typhus the author expresses the following view on the history of development of spir. Duttoni in the body of the tick and in the organism of a sick person: spirochaetes entering the tick body together with the blood of a sick person lose their mobility and turn into granules, which are small lumps surrounded by a homogeneous mass; at some time they can be found in eggs in the ovary and in young larvae (nymphs).






Avitaminosis and starvation. Collazo ( Vrach. Delo, 1923, No. 3-5)
Abstract
Avitaminosis is often seen as a type of starvation, based on the notion that it causes the cells of the body to lose much of their ability to assimilate food. According to Collazo, this is not entirely true: starvation is primarily the destruction of the substances of which the body is built; avitaminosis is the destruction of cellular material simultaneously with the burning of food substances without the ability to assimilate food normally.






About blood transfusions. (Веllnе, Centr. f. Bakt., Ref, Bd. 73. 1922; Zimipermann, ibid.)
Abstract
In order to avoid severe complications in humans with therapeutic injections of human blood, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the blood (red blood globules, plasma) is different in certain individuals as indicated by Landsteiner, Düngern, Hirschfeld, etc.









To the cytological diagnosis of rabies and smallpox. Epstein (Arch. of the Russian Prot. Society, II)
Abstract
To detect Negri and Guarnieri bodies in tissues, the author recommends fixing the pieces in methyl alcohol or acetone, encasing them in paraffin and making sections of them, first treating them for 15-30 minutes in 5% tannin solution and then staining by Küll's method.






Serodiagnosis of tuberculosis. (Grumbach, Centr. f. Bakter., Ref., Bd. 74, 1922)
Abstract
In the serodiagnosis of tuberculosis, two reactions must be performed in addition to each other. The first reaction, Besredka I, is used to prove the presence of a specific antibody against the Besredk'n antigen in the human body; the second reaction, Besredka II, is used to prove the presence of the antigen with a specific immune serum.



Salts of Ca and silicic acid in pulmonary tuberculosis. Chukanov (Clin. Med., 1922, No. 5—6)
Abstract
The author believes that the former direction in the treatment of tuberculosis, which focused on feeding patients with organic substances, is one-sided and wrong, - that in some cases, feeding, despite a significant increase in weight, does not stop the tuberculosis process and does nothing in terms of increasing the natural immunity; on the contrary, the resulting fat accumulation creates unfavorable conditions for the fight against tbc infection.



Iodine and iodine-quinine in malaria. Rubashkin (Vrach. Delo, 1923, No. 3—5)
Abstract
Iodine, being used per os or in the form of Lugolʹev solution (25 to 30 drops 2 times a day), or in the form of 10% iodine tincture (5 to 10 drops, also 2 times pro die), certainly has a known therapeutic effect in malaria, but this effect depends not on its toxic effect on plasmodium, which it has none, but on its direct effect on fever, which it prevents.



Tropical malaria and treatment with salvarsan. Friedemann (Klin. Woch., 1922, No. 33)
Abstract
In February 1922, during a discussion at the Berlin Medical Society about salvarsan, Friedemann pointed out that the large number of severe liver complications in the treatment of syphilis in Germany during the war could be reduced to a provocation by salvarsan of tropical malaria.



Functional diagnosis of liver diseases. Stahl (Deutsch. Arch. f. klin. Med. Bd, 141)
Abstract
Studying liver function by means of a test proposed by Vidal ("Leukovidal" by Schilling), the author compares this test with the Falta liver function test (determination of urobilin and urobilinogen in urine after a patient is prescribed 3.0 fel. tauri depurati per os on an empty stomach).






Subcutaneous stones. Shamov (V. Chir. i Pogr. Obl., vol. II)
Abstract
The author describes in detail an extremely rare and little-known disease consisting of the deposition of concrements in the subcutaneous tissue, which consist of salts of phosphorous and carbonate lime (subcutaneous stones, calcinosis universalis interstitialis).









Duodeni ulcers. Finkelstein (Nov. Chir. Arch., 1922, No. 7)
Abstract
The number of duodenal ulcers is increasing progressively, and if this disease used to be rare, it is only because methods of recognition were insufficient. Instead of the recent 25%, duodenal ulcers now account for 50% of all gastric and duodenal ulcers.






Treatment of sepsis with calcium salts. Professor Petrov (V. Chir. and Pogr. Obl., Vol. I, No. 2), Chistyakov (Nov. Chir. Arch., Vol. II, No. 1)
Abstract
The author warmly recommends treatment of sepsis with intravenous infusions of 1% calcium chloride solution (the method first proposed by Prof. Aleksinski). Although this method does not seem sufficiently theoretically justified, nevertheless P., on the basis of his observations, advises to resort to intravenous infusions of 1% solution of crystalline calcium chloride at 250-400 cfu for acute and subacute forms of sepsis where the well-known surgical methods of dissection and removal of infected nidi have been carried to completion and have not put the patient on the path to recovery.



Protein therapy of some surgical diseases. Stradyn (V. Khir. i Pogr. Obl., vol. II)
Abstract
The author used parenteral injection of women's milk (milk was boiled for 10' and injected warm intramuscularly or subcutaneously every 2-4 days, 4-5 times on average, in doses of ½-2 q cent. in children, 1-3 q cent. in adults, then 3 - 4, rarely up to 5 q cent.) in 33 cases of various surgical diseases.






Surgical correction of rickety curvatures of the lower extremities. Stracker (Münch. med. Woch., 1921, No. 68)
Abstract
Surgical correction of rickety curvatures of the lower extremities is currently achieved either by a staged osteotomy followed by plastering, or by subperiosteal extirpation of the curved bone (Springer), or by redressing after preliminary bone softening by fixing it in a plaster cast (Anzolétti, Roehrke), or by some other less popular methods.



A new method of correcting a dislocation of the shoulder. Genelidze (Vest. Khir. i. Ob., 1922, I)
Abstract
The disadvantage of the former methods of correcting this dislocation is, according to Genelidze, not good enough fixation of the scapula. To achieve this fixation, the author advises laying the patient on the patient's side on the table, which fixes the scapula.



Treatment of Dupuytron's contracture. Bruce Gill (Annals of Surg., 1919, LXX, No. 2)
Abstract
The author recommends the following operation, which gave him very favorable results: general anesthesia; no tourniquet; incision through the distal transverse fold of the palm; thorough excision of the entire wrinkled fasciae palmaris from the base of the palm to the base of the fingers.









Duration of pregnancy in humans. Zweifel (Arch. f. Gyn., Bd. 116)
Abstract
Addressing this issue on the basis of a number of statistics reported by different authors, Zweifel concludes that pregnancy can last more than 302 days, moreover, if you count it not only from the first day of the last period in a woman, but also from the day of a fruitful intercourse.



"The liver of pregnant women." Walthard (Arch. f. Gyn., Bd. 116)
Abstract
As is well known, French authors have long pointed out that pregnancy is characterized by a certain "insuffisance hépatique", that the functions of this organ are significantly impaired in pregnant women. Among German researchers, this view has found both supporters (Hofbauer) and opponents (Schickelе).






Rectal examination during childbirth. Gugisberg (Zbl. f. G., 1922, No. 29), Klein (Zbl. f. G, 1922, No. 32)
Abstract
Rectal examination during childbirth has been used by the author in Bern for more than 10 years. In vaginal examination, the % of febrile p. partum—11.2, in rectal examination—5.5; postpartum mortality in vaginal examination—0.12%, in rectal examination—0%.






Treatment of mastitis. Steichele (Zbl. f. G., 1922, No. 27)
Abstract
The author has successfully tried quinine-vusin derivative in purulent mastitis. After puncturing the abscess with a thick cannula he recommends filling its cavity with 1:400 vusin solution. With more extensive abscesses the operation has to be repeated.



Essence and treatment of dysmenorrhea and Schultz's parametritis. Opitz (Zbl. f. G., 1922, No. 40), Bischoll (Montsch. f. G. u. Gyn., 1923), Menge (Zbl. f. G., 1922, No. 33), Schmidt (Montsch. f. G. u. Gyn., 1923)
Abstract
New views on the essence of dysmenorrhea and the so-called Schultze posterior parametrium are expressed by Opitz, who considers these conditions as a particular manifestation of increased irritability (hypertonia) of the smooth muscles of the female genitalia.



Radiotherapy of uterine bleeding. Hirsch (Zbl. F Gyn., 1922, No. 49), Nürnberger (Zbl. f. G.. 1923, No. 1)
Abstract
New principles in the radiotherapy of uterine bleeding have been introduced since Horsley, Aschner and Biedel showed that the disabling of the anterior part of the cerebral appendage causes a sharp atrophy of the ovaries and uterus, and Szenes, Jurasz and Stefan found that lighting the spleen leads to an increase in fibrin-enzyme in the blood and acts in a hemostatic manner.






Therapeutic actions of ovarian extracts. Kühn (Monat. f. Geb. u. Gyn., Bd. LIX)
Abstract
The author obtained excellent results in menorrhagia, in the sense of reducing bleeding, from luteoglandol (an extract from the yellow bodies of the ovary of a cow); in contrast, ovoglandol (an extract from the ovary without yellow bodies) found a favorable therapeutic effect in amenorrhea.



Reflexes of Mauer and Leri. Matzdorff (Deut. med. Woch., 1921, No. 48)
Abstract
Babinski's and Oppenheim's symptoms are well known not only to neurologists, but also to every clinician as signs of lesions of the pyramidal pathway obtained from the lower extremities. Along with them, other "pyramidal" symptoms from the lower extremities, which are less permanent, are also well studied (S. Mendel-Behterev, Rossolimo et al.) The case with the upper extremities is different, although Léri and Mayer described similar reflexes from them as well.



Epidemic encephalitis and tremor palsy. Davidenko (Vrach. Delo, 1922, No. 24—26)
Abstract
Tremor palsy and similar syndromes have been the focus of neuropathologists' attention in recent years. The epidemic encephalitis with its rich extrapyramidal symptomatology has given a huge material for the study of hyperkinesias, absorbed some independent, if not nosological units, then symptom complexes and in the form of postencephalitic parkinsonism threatened the shiver palsy, dividing neuropathologists into two camps: unitarians, who denied independence of shiver palsy, and dualists, recognizing it.






To the pathogenesis of rickets. Wengraf (Zeitschr. f. Kinderh., Bd. 34)
Abstract
Starving children show stunting in weight and growth and susceptibility to infections, similar to the animals in experiments with a diet without vitamins. To test whether this is really due to a lack of a fat-soluble food additive, A. Wengraf fed a group of hungry Viennese children aged 2 to 5 years a food quite sufficient in calories but poor in this vitamin (fat was included in this food in the form of pork fat, which is known to contain no vitamin A, and milk was defatted by centrifugation).



On the cereal in influenza in children. Zschocke (Jahrb. f. Kinderheilk., Bd. 100)
Abstract
The author reviews the differential diagnosis and therapy of this disease based on 41 cases of Influenza. Of 11 children in whom the latter was complicated by laryngeal stenosis, only 3 recovered and 8 died, despite the use of intubation and tracheotomy.



Prof. S. P. Fedorov. Surgery of the Kidneys and Ureterocele. Vol. I State Publishing House Moscow. Petrg. 1923. 174 pp. (With Fig.).
Abstract
The appearance of the first edition of the manual on renal surgery by Prof. Fedorov should be marked as an outstanding event in the Russian surgical literature. The name of the author, as the founder of the school of Russian urologists and as one of the greatest modern authorities in questions of urology, quite clearly defines the significance and character of this book.






В. A. Oppel. Advances in Modern Surgery. Grzebin Publisher. Peterb.-Berlin. 1922
Abstract
The small book by Prof. O. presents a vivid and interestingly compiled sketch of the successes of modern surgery in a popular presentation. At the beginning of the essay the author dwells on the definition of surgery as a science and as an art, on the arrangement of the modern operating room and the production of modern operations, as well as on the dangers and outcomes of these operations.



Activities of medical societies in Kazan
Abstract
Pr.-Doc. M. O. Friedland. Operative methods of fixation of the spine in tuberculous lesions of the spine. (With demonstrations of patients).
Dr. N.V. Sokolov. Organ transplantation in connection with immunity reactions. (With demonstrations of microscopic preparations).





