Vol 77, No 3 (1996)
Theoretical and clinical medicine
Yiatrogenic complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and their prevention
Abstract
It is shown that preoperative selection of patients, intraoperative cholangiography and immediate laparotomy, when the occasion requires, allow to decrease the frequency of iatrogenic injuries of extrahepatic biliary ducts. However, there is nothing to replace careful and exact preparation of tissue from Gartman’s pocket and to the zone of gall bladder neck.
Endoscopic destruction of benign tumors of the stomach and large intestine
Abstract
The importance of endoscopic methods of removal and destruction of the gastroenteric tract tumors is noted. The necessary algorithm of endoscopic manual in benign tumors of the gastroenteric tract is suggested. The complications are not revealed in combined removal of the gastroenteric tract tumors by means of the loop diathermic excision with laser treatment.
The place of roentgen computer tomography in the diagnosis of endophytic carcinoma of the stomach
Abstract
The possibilities of roentgen computer tomography in the diagnosis of infiltrative carcinoma of the stomach, especially in the determination of stomach wall enlargement, process occurrence, are estimated positively using the investigations of 45 patients with endophytic carcinoma of the stomach. It should be used after usual roentgen and endoscopic methods.
Magnetoresonance tomography in differential diagnosis of focal lesions of the liver
Abstract
The importance of magnetoresonance tomography among noninvasive methods of visualization of Ca liver and diagnosis of focal lesions is noted. The method under discussion is highly sensitive (100%) in diagnosis of the liver cysts with minimum diameter (6 mm). Its specificity without the use of contrasting reagents averages 92%.
On the advantages of contrast intensification in ultrasonic examination in gynecologic practice
Abstract
As many as 74 patients of fertile age are examined by sonocontrast hysterosalpingoscopy (56- as to sterility, 18- with uterus pathology). The comparative estimation of radiopaque hysterosalpingography, sonohysterosalpingohydrotubation, laparoscopic chromotubation and MR-tomography is performed. Echovist-200 — the preparation of the firm “Shering” (Germany) is used for contrast intensification. Ultrasonic examination and control are performed the convection vaginal transducer (6,5 MHz) on 4 ultrasonic scaner P700 of the firm “Philips”. The results obtained show the advantages and great possibilities of the method in the diagnosis of the uterus pathology and estimation of the uterine tubes state.
Effect of pyrimidine derivatives: Xymedone and diuciphone on bioenergetic processes of mitochondria
Abstract
The stimulation of oxygen consumption in the presence of incubative medium just as excessive quantity of oxidation substrate, so oxidation phosphorylation disconnector of 2,4-dinitrophenol is shown on thymocytes of not pedigree he-rats obtaining xymedone (3 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg) and diuci phone (30 mg/kg) during 9 and 30 days. The effect of xymedone is dosedependent and more pronounced than the effect of diuciphone. The uniform effect of xymedone on mitochondrion respiration of thymocytes and isolated mitochondria of the liver is shown.
Prophylactic action of xymedone ointment on skin acute radiation lesions after in distance γ-therapy in patients with malignant tumors of the head and neck
Abstract
The results of the use of 5% xymedone ointment on the basis of the treatment and cosmetic drug “Myustela” for the prevention of skin acute radiation reactions in distance γ-therapy of malignant tumors of the head and neck are shown. The necessity of postradiation rehabilitation measures disappears in the presence of the drug in all the patients.
Peculiarities of the course of salmonollosis gastroenteritis in the presence of chronic chelicobacteriosis gastritis
Abstract
The course of salmonollosis gastroenteritis in the presence of chronic chelicjbacteriosis, with more pronounced and prolonged gastritis syndrome, slower stool normalization is revealed. The signs of chronic gastritis acute condition are found in these patients in 20% of the cases in the reconvalescence period, with consequent significant increase of the stomach mucous membrane colonization by chelicobacteria.
Treatment of chronic urticaria with dimephosphone and histamine antagonists
Abstract
The comparative analysis of the use of H1-receptors antagonists, H1- and H2-antagonists complex, dimephosphone in the treatment of patients with chronic urticaria is presented. The treatment effect is estimated by suppression of classic urticaria symptoms (rash, pruritus, edema) and remission length. The investigation results show the high efficacy of dimephosphone in the treatment of chronic urticaria resistant to antihistaminic drugs.
Clinicomorphofunctional justification of vagosympathetic block and its modification in maxillofacial trauma
Abstract
The results of the analysis of novocainic vagosympathetic and modified trigeminosympathetic blocks action are presented. The method of trigeminosympathetic block performance and the results of treatment of 37 patients with maxillofacial region trauma and its use are described. The action of novocainic block is realized by microcirculation normalization providing reparative and proliferative processes, maxillofacial region and central nervous system trauma.
Connection of dysbacteriosis of the intestine with level of IgE
Abstract
As many as 405 patients of therapeutic, surgical hospitals and ambulatory clinic patients are examined. Dysbacteriosis is revealed in 40,2% of the cases. The disorders of the intestine microbiocenosis are characterized by the tendency to allergization of the organism (high level of IgE).
Effect of prostatilen on the metabolic activity of phagocytes in patients with chronic pyelonephritis
Abstract
The investigation of the metabolic activity of leukocytes and the effect of bioregulation peptide of the prostate — prostatilen on it is performed. It is found that suppression of oxygendependent microbicide systems of phagocytes, more pronounced in the initial form of the disease, occurs in patients with chronic pyelonephritis. The differences in the activity of oxygenindependent systems of phagocytes in patients with chronic pyelonephritis and healthy persons are not revealed. The increase of NST-test values after the use of prostatilen is noted.
Hormonal therapy of endometriosis
Abstract
The leading method of the treatment of endometriosis is surgical. The hormonal therapy can precede the operation in indication to the operative treatment of patients with endometriosis. Tne operation is directed to the decrease of symptoms and foci sizes and makes the surgical intervention easier. However, the treatment with hormones can be the alternative to the operation. The following hormonal drugs: hestagens, norstreroids derivatives, antigonadotrophins, as well as new drugs — agonists of gonadotroplun-releasing of hormones are used. The most efficient drug is zoladex-depo.
Diagnosis of birth injuries of the cervical region of the vertebral column by radiation methods
Abstract
The roentgen method is more often used for radiation diagnosis of birth injuries including the cervical region of the vertebral column in spite of various current methods of radiation diagnosis. The use of electroroentgenography, ultrasonic examination allows to reveal changes in osteal, discoligamentous and soft parts structures in injuries of the cervical region of the vertebral column.
Rehabilitation of immobilization contractures of the knee joint and their prevention
Abstract
The results of rehabilitation measures of 19 patients with immobilization contractures of the knee joint just as in early terms, so in late terms of their formation are presented. It is shown that electrostimulation, psychotherapy and isometric gymnastics in combination with self-control are the pathogenetic methods of the treatment of posttraumatic contractures: their use allows to reduce the treatment terms by a factor of 1,5—2.
Reviews
Possibilities of drug regulation of inflammation
Abstract
For many years and to this day, the main drugs used to regulate inflammation are steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Glucocorticosteroids (GCS) are characterized by a powerful anti-inflammatory effect, which, however, is accompanied by a variety of side effects with systemic action, which limits their wide use. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, non-steroidal antiphlogistics) belong to one of the most frequently prescribed medications in world medical practice. Studies by Vein [66], which showed that the mechanism of action of acetylsalicylic acid and other NSAIDs is based on the inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis - local modulators of inflammation, were the beginning of modern inflammation pharmacology.
Short articles
Somatosensory evoked potentials in the diagnosis of degenerative diseases of the spinal cord
Abstract
We examined 72 patients with complaints of pain in various parts of the spine with irradiation into the extremities, weakness and paresthesias of the back muscles in the area of innervation of nerve roots. Clinical findings: loss of sensitivity, weakness of dorsiflexion in joints, asymmetric tendon reflexes.
Experience of using an X-ray computed tomography scanner
Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) was used in the diagnosis of pathological changes of thoracic organs in 576 patients. CT investigation proved to be very effective in diagnosing acute and chronic pneumonias, acute and chronic suppurative processes, bronchiectasis, peripheral and central lung cancer, metastases, mesotheliomas. CT revealed minimal amount of effusion in pleural cavity. It proved to be effective in diagnostics of mediastinum, larynx, thyroid gland, lymphogranulematosis.
Possibilities of gastric ultrasound
Abstract
Indications for gastric ultrasound are peptic ulcer and duodenal ulcer, benign and malignant neoplasms of the stomach, gastrointestinal dyskinesia, gastritis, monitoring the effectiveness of the ongoing therapy and clarification of the diagnosis in various diseases of the stomach and duodenum, refusal of the patient fibrogastroscopy.
Discussions
Republican Medical Diagnostic Center: Conceptual perspectives for development
Abstract
Human civilization is entering a new, largely critical period, characterized by the aggravation of global problems of our time: environmental, demographic, economic and others. The issues of restoration and preservation of the environment and public health are of key importance. Environmental disasters, the growth of cancer, hereditary pathology, immunosuppression, deterioration of the demographic situation and the gene pool of the population are of particular concern on a global and national scale.
Social hygiene and healthcare management
Medico-demographic indicators in the Republic of Tatarstan
Abstract
In the Republic of Tatarstan, the population increased annually, except for two periods: from 1920 to 1926 and from 1939 to 1959, due to unfavorable conditions after the crop failure and famine in 1921 and the aftermath of the Great Patriotic War. The growth of population in the Republic after 1970 is in no small part due to the construction of a number of large hydro and thermal power, petrochemical, and automotive facilities in Zainsk, Nizhnekamsk, and Shorey Chelny and the attraction of labor from many other regions. This indicator is also influenced in recent years by migration of population.
Physiologicohygienic estimation of labour conditions of workers of mechanical shops of engineering works
Abstract
The labour conditions of mechanical shops of engineering works (temperature, humidity, noise) and their effect on some functional systems are studied using hygienic and physiological methods. The general estimation of labour conditions with regard to the combined action of unhealthy production factors is given.
Epidemiology
Epidemiological characteristics of diphtheria morbidity in the Republic of Tatarstan in 1994
Abstract
Before the introduction of planned vaccination against diphtheria in Tatarstan, the number of diphtheria cases per 100 thousand people was 25.3 in 1920-1929 - 25.3, 1930-1939 - 66.5, 1940-1949 - 75.4, 1950-1959 - 67,2. Planned vaccination, which began in 1955-1956, contributed to a decrease in the number of cases. Over the following decades, the average incidence rate per 100,000 population steadily decreased and was in 1960-1969 - 5.2, 1970-1979 - 0,07. However, in 1982-1985 there was a slight increase in the number of diphtheria cases, so the average morbidity rate for 1980-1989 slightly increased (0.09 per 100 thousand population).
Revealing rate of markers of virus hepatitis В and C
Abstract
The investigations of 13846 blood specimens for virus hepatitis В and C of somatic profile contingent of hospital and polyclinic departments are performed. The increase of the propagation rate of markers of virus hepatitis В (HBs antigen and anti-НВ cor) and antigen of virus hepatitis C among medical workers and patients of somatic profile in last years is revealed.
Assistance to the practicing physician
Clinicoelectrophysiologic and magnetoresonance and tomographic investigation of hereditary and congenital diseases of the brain
Abstract
The combined investigation of hereditary and congenital diseases of the brain using magnetoresonance tomography is performed. The hereditary and congenital diseases of the brain accompanied by disorders of liquoroconductive tracts with medullary substance lesion are revealed. The investigation results provide timely development of the treatment tactics and rehabilitation of sick children.
Therapeutic and diagnostic tactics for organophosphorus insecticide poisonings
Abstract
Due to the high lethality of organophosphorus insecticide poisonings in Kazan and regions of Tatarstan in 1983-1985 the analysis of clinical picture, course, efficiency of treatment measures, nature of pathomorphological changes in the organs of 420 patients with oral poisonings with organophosphorus pesticides: chlorophos (CP), carbophos (CB), dichlorophos (DF), metaphos (MF) was performed.
Новые методы и инструменты
Bactericidal and biologically resistant implant coatings
Abstract
Recently, the number of surgical interventions using medical instruments and implants (bones, teeth, joints) has increased significantly. Most implants are made of metals due to their high mechanical strength properties. However, metal implants and instruments have a number of disadvantages: low resistance to corrosion, including biocorrosion, incompatibility with living body tissues, causing complications, resorption, metallosis, rejection. When using plastics and plastics filled with antibiotics, as well as carbon plastics, it is necessary to solve particular problems, such as improving the penetration of living tissue into the implant or eliminating foci of suppuration contrary to the main requirement - to preserve high mechanical strength and durability of the implant or instrument.
Effectiveness of a new method of electroreflexology
Abstract
The mechanism of the therapeutic action of reflexotherapy is still insufficiently studied, although there are plenty of studies devoted to its explanation. We used reflexotherapy in 764 patients (in the 1st group - 560 patients, in the 2nd group - 204 patients). Group 1 patients who received classical acupuncture were divided into three subgroups. The 1st subgroup consisted of 372 neurological patients - with lumbar osteochondrosis, pain syndrome and neurodystrophic changes (156), with cervico-thoracic osteochondrosis (108), lesions of peripheral nervous system (72), posttraumatic encephalopathy (36). The 2nd subgroup consisted of 170 patients of therapeutic profile - with gastric and duodenal ulcer (104), hypertensive disease (36), bronchial asthma (10), infectious allergic polyarthritis (20). The third subgroup included 18 surgical patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of lower limb vessels (8), urological patients with cystitis, prostatitis (6), skin diseases with neurodermatitis, psoriasis (4).