Vol 82, No 4 (2001)
Method of autoimmunity correction in ischemic heart disease
Abstract
The influence of a new enterosorbent-enterosgel on the immune and autoimmune process in the dynamics of ischemic heart disease and the possibilities of endogenic intoxication decrease using the given drug are estimated. The use of enterosgel made it possible to get the high therapeutic hypolipidemic and autoimmunocorrecting effect in patients with ischemic heart disease, expressed in the improvement of the state - the decrease of the frequency of stenocardia making it case of peace and effort making it possible to decrease daily nitroglycerine dose.
Efficiency of sanatorium rehabilitation of persons after myocardial infarction
Abstract
The results of rehabilitation of persons after myocardial infarction when applying the complex including in addition to standard low-intensive laser radiation, normobaric hypoxyitherapy, dry carbonic acid bath, current psychotherapy methods (nondirectory hypnosis, psychoanalysis elements and heshtalt-therapy) for rehabilitative treatment in sanatorium. This complex provides the improvement of atherogenic shifts in blood, the decrease of repeated infrarction rate, mortality, temporary disablement and decrease of expenses of the social Insurance Fund to pay medical certificates.
Organization of going in for physical training in sanatorium-preventive clinic
Abstract
The factors determining the motor activity are revealed and the adequate system of measures on drawing workers of industrial works in going in for physical training in the sanatorium-preventive clinic is developed. Two basic groups of methodical approaches: general clinic therapeutic examination to estimate the state of health and generally accepted in sport medicine the methods to estimate physical development, physical work ability and states of motion apparatus were used. The mathematical model of motion activity and health level in multidimensional relations with factors affecting them was constructed.
Dynamics of structural and functional changes of the heart in patients after myocardial infarction
Abstract
The dynamics of structural and functional changes of the heart developing within three years in patients with ischemic heart disease after myocardial infarction is studied. Some peculiarities of the development of the remodulation process in postinfarctial period are revealed. The changes of the heart structure have a progressive nature. Early prescription of inhibitors of angiotensinconverting enzyme after myocardial infarction to prevent progress of the heart remodulation is advisable.
Use of temporary obturation of bronchi in prevention and treatment of complications after pulmonary and pleura operations
Abstract
The temporary obturation of bronchi is used in 16 patients with post-operative nonhermetism of the lung to prevent and to treat pleura empyema. Good results are obtained in 15 (93,8%) of the patients, in 11 (68,8%) of them the full recovery is achieved, in 4 (25%) of them some dry pleural cavities are retained. The complications significantly affecting the final result of the treatment of patients with temporary obturation of bronchi were absent. Temporary obturation of bronchi is effective in the treatment of postoperative nonhermetism of the lung and in prevention of pleura empyema.
Estimation of the mucous membrane state of operated stomach in various methods of restoration of gastroenteric passage
Abstract
The most rational option of surgical intervention making it possible to provide the optimal functional state of the secretory apparatus of the operated stomach is established. It is shown that the loss of the stomach part is accompanied by the atrophy of the mucous membrane of the preserved stomach part. In the cases when pylorus mechanism is preserved and the conditions close to the natural food chyme passage are reproduced, the mucous membrane atrophy with rough changes of its structures does not occur.
Ultrasonography of diseases of bone and muscular system
Abstract
As many as 1500 patients with various pathology of bone and muscular system were examined. The comparative study of traditional roentgenography, ultrasound examination, computer and magnetoresonance tomography was carried out to determine the optimum application in examining bone and muscular system. In many cases of the bone and muscular system diseases (bone fractures, osteomyelitis, bone tumors, soft tissue fistulas) the ultrasound examination successfully competes with other methods and in some cases, it is the method of choice.
Epidemiology of fractures and reduction of mineral density of bone tissue in the population of the industrial city of the Middle Volga Region
Abstract
The retrospective epidemiologic investigation in Otradnoe, Samara region was carried out to study the hip and forearm fracture rate in persons over 60 within 1995—2000. The hip fracture rate in men varied between 32,0 and 113,9 for 100000 of population (on the average 72,3), in women - between 52,9 and 152,5 (on the average 90,2). In women hip fractures were found 1,9 more often than in men. The growth of the hip fracture rate was noted in women over 60, in men — over 70. The fracture rate of forearm in women was five times higher than in men. The mineral density of calcaneus bone tissue was studied in 220 men and 113 women by ultrasound densitometry. The pronounced tendency to the increase with aging of the number of persons with the decreased mineral density of bone tissue was noted.
Adhesiolysis in early dynamic laparoscopy as the stage of hospital rehabilitation of patients with tubal pregnancy
Abstract
As many as 48 patients hospitalized with tubal pregnancy were examined and operated. Early second- look laparoscopy with adhesiolysis and chromohydrotubation was performed on the second day of postoperative period to 12 patients, on the third day - to 17 patients and to the rest of patients — on the fourth, fifth and seventh day. Repeated adhesiolysis, chromohydrotubation with visual control of uterine tube permeability were performed in third-look laparoscopy. The special titanium trocars were used 2 for early second-look laparoscopy. It is established that second- and third-look laparoscopies make it possible to observe adhesions after surgical intervention and to perform adhesiolysis.
Concentration of antimicrobic antibodies in children with diabetes mellitus of the 1st type
Abstract
The state of antibacterial humoral immunity in 121 children with diabetes mellitus of the 1st type is shown using the hard phase immunoenzymic analysis. The increase of the level of antibodies to glycolipid independent of the degree of carbohydrate metabolism is revealed. The analysis of concentration of E. coli antibodies showed the changes similar to antibodies to glycolipid. Increas in the levels of glycolipid and E. coli antibodies in children with diabetes mellitus of the 1st type is justified by the excess supply of endotoxin from the enteric tract and is the result of its immunogenic properties.
Efficiency of lipostabil in functional and inflammatory lesions of biliar sistem in children
Abstract
The state of enzymatic link of the antioxidant system of blood serum by the level of catalase, peroxidase, ceruloplasmin and total antioxidant activity is studied in 65 children with chronic cholecystocholangitis and in 62 patients with dyskinesias of biliar sistem. The change of antioxidant activity depending on the disease duration and pathologic process nature is revealed. The clinical and biochemical efficiency of the use of “lipostabil” in complex therapy is justified.
Change of zinc homeostasis in kidney diseases in children
Abstract
The zinc metabolism in kidney pathology in children is studied. The decrease of serum zinc level connected with its increased excretion, that is identified as deficiency of the excretory type, is revealed. The effect of the increased zinc excretion on the functional state of proximal tubules, tested by the level of aminoaciduria and phosphate reabsorption, as well as on the function of distal tubules, determined by the processes of acido- and ammoniogenesis, is established. The depressive effect of zinc on cellular and humoral immunity links as well as on phagocytic activity of neutrophiles, that is identified as dificiency of immunologic consumption, is established.
Of primary osteoarthrosis
Abstract
As many as 70 patients with various stages of osteoarthrosis deformans are examined. Earlier signs of the disease — epiphyses change of the cyst type and small ostephytes are revealed using microfocal roentgenography with direct increase of the image. The roentgen semiotics of this disease depending on the pathologic process stage is refined and supplemented.
On psychotropic effect of acupuncture in patients with alcoholism
Abstract
Various acupuncture regimes were used in 87 patients with alcoholism with psychovegetative disorders alongside the pharmacotherapy to refine the therapeutic effect spectum. In this case the dynamic estimation of psychologic status indices of patients was carried out. The presence of psychotropic effect of acupuncture not associated with placebo effect and pharmacotherapy is established. Various direction of the psychotropic effect during application of various acupuncture regimes was revealed for the first time.
Some aspects of etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of mycrobial eczema
Abstract
The complex clinical and laboratory examination of 110 patients with microbial eczema is carried out. The change of skin microbiocenosis in eczematous foci is revealed. It is established that the disorders of important regulatory systems: immune, “protease specific inhibitors”, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection; hemostasis and microcirculation lie in the multifactorial pathogenesis of mycrobial eczema. The new pathogenetic therapy by sodium hypochlorite is suggested.
Efficiency of using calcium antagonists in the treatment of hypoxic intracranial hemorrhages in newborns
Abstract
The prospective observation and clinico-biochemical examination of 55 infants with intracranial hemorrhages from the neonatal period till one year old are carried out. The interrelation of disturbances of enzyme activity of electrolyte transmembrane transport and calcium level in thrombocytes with the character, gravity degree, clinical syndromes and course of the pathological process is revealed. The decrease of Ca2+-AT phase activity and the increase of intracellular calcium level in patients with the chronic and combined character of hypoxia are noted. The clinical and biochemical efficiency of calcium antagonists (nimodipine) in children with perinatal intracranial hemorrhages is determined.
Bacterial vaginosis as a cause of preterm labor and intrauterine infection
Abstract
In recent decades, powerful anthropogenic impacts on modern ecosystems and the introduction of advances in pharmacology into medical practice have led to significant changes both in the human biocenosis itself and in the etiological structure of all infectious pathology. The traditional pathogenic agents responsible for the development of infectious diseases have been replaced by opportunistic microorganisms, which had previously exhibited their pathogenic properties comparatively rarely. Both the number and the characteristics of the pathological properties of the newly described microbes are rapidly increasing. At the same time, there are reports on the possible involvement of previously known, "normal" microorganisms in human pathology. The field of modern infectious pathology has begun to shift more and more toward the environmental problems of medicine, when all questions, from determining the etiology of a disease process to treating the patient, involve taking into account other components of the microbiocenosis. It is already obvious that the spectrum of such diseases is not limited to the traditionally known in this respect gut dysbacteriosis.
A case of subcutaneous injury of the tendon of the first deep flexor of the finger
Abstract
Closed (subcutaneous) injuries of the extensor tendons of the fingers have received considerable attention in the literature, in contrast to subcutaneous injuries of the flexor tendons. However, practitioners are little familiar with this type of injury due to its extreme rarity.
Neurophysiological characteristics of the pyramidal tract in patients with the hyperkinetic form of infantile cerebral palsy in the late residual period
Abstract
Children's cerebral palsy (cerebral palsy) occupies the main place among the causes that lead to disability from childhood. The majority of disabled patients with various forms of cerebral palsy have a late residual stage, which is characterized by stabilization of the pathological process. Hence, it is of great interest to study the central mechanisms of formation of cerebral palsy syndromes in patients in the late residual period.
Plasmapheresis and hyperbaric oxygenation in the treatment of psoriasis complicated by polyarthritis
Abstract
Treatment of psoriasis (Ps) is still one of the most difficult tasks of practical medicine. The disease often affects young and able-bodied people, and the process itself has a persistent and progressive nature, not amenable to treatment by traditional methods. PS as a systemic disease is based on the phenomena of chronic nonspecific skin inflammation with intracellular edema, infiltration, microcirculatory and metabolic disorders. PS is also characterized by disorders of oxidative processes in skin cells and in the system of free-radical oxidation of lipids. The study of immune status in PS patients revealed disorders of circulating immune complexes (CIC), in particular immunoglobulins A, M, G, against the background of suppressed cellular immunity and phagocytic activity of neutrophils.
Organizational and methodological basis for improving the quality of work of an ultrasound diagnostician
Abstract
The quality of medical care depends on a complex of factors that characterize many aspects of the doctor's activity - medical and biological, social and hygienic, production, etc. The aim of this work was to describe mathematically the influence of unfavorable factors on the activity of an ultrasound diagnostician and to build a model to improve the quality of his work.
Nursing as a subject of licensing
Abstract
Currently, 18 medical universities in the country have opened faculties of higher nursing education (HEE), graduates of which are qualified as "manager" in the specialty of "nursing". The emergence of a new category of medical workers for domestic health care is a necessity dictated by the objective need to reform the industry and introduce modern organizational, managerial and medical technologies. However, not all medical workers, including managers, adequately and willingly perceive the innovations. Moreover, many of them simply do not think about the fact that the emergence of specialists with HSS is only the first and necessary link in the chain of subsequent changes in the system of organization and management of health care.
То the results of radiation and hygienic passport system of the Zelenodolsk Region territory of Tatarstan Republic in 1999
Abstract
The average individual effective irradiation doses of population of the Zelenodolsk region by the radiation and hygienic passport system data for 1999 are determined. It is shown that 74% of the effective dose are defined by the natural factors. The measures directed to the decrease of the dose loads at the expense of medical roentgen procedures are considered. It is established that the true decrease of dose loads on population can achieved at the expense of reducing the medical irradiation part.
Hygienic characteristic of actual nourishment of small peoples of the far north
Abstract
The actual nourishment of the representatives of small peoples of the Far North: Nenets, Khanty, Komi as well as some indices of the functional state of central nervous and cardiovascular systems of the organism are studied. The revealed peculiarities of food status are the bases for development of hygienic recommendations on nourishment optimization and population health improvement.
Rational approaches to diagnosis and treatment of pneumoconiosis
Abstract
Dust-related lung diseases still occupy a significant place among other forms of occupational pathology, accounting for about 30% in the structure of occupational diseases in our country. Pneumoconiosis continues to be one of the priority problems of occupational medicine worldwide, and for many developing countries - one of the most important: at various production facilities the number of patients with silicosis reaches 54.6% of the number of workers. In Canada, 283 cases of silicosis have been reported among 68,000 people working in dust-exposed environments; in the United States, about 3 million people have significant occupational exposure to silica dust.
Use of electronic information resources in the health care system of the Republic of Tatarstan
Abstract
A distinctive feature of the modern period is the large and not fully satisfied need of the subjects of the Russian Federation in all types of information on the background of the termination of the previously existing medical information bodies, responsible for working with the regions. The most important task of the regional medical information subsystem, which is becoming increasingly important, is information support for all activities, on which the improvement of the health of the population of a particular administrative-territorial unit depends.
Doctor of Medical Sciences Arkady Leizerovich Gimmelfarb
Abstract
May 30, 2001 was the 75th birthday and 46 years of medical and scientific activity of Arkady Leyzerovich Gimmelfarb, Head of scientific-organizational and patent-information department of Tatarstan Scientific Research Center "Restorative Traumatology and Orthopedics", honored inventor of the Republic of Tatarstan, Doctor of Medical Sciences.
Professor Uzbek Yakubovich Bogdanovich
Abstract
July 17, 2001 was the 80th birthday of a prominent scientist - orthopedist-traumatologist Professor Bogdanovich Uzbek Yakubovich, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tatarstan, a well-known organizer of medical science.
Professor Ilgiz Abdullovich Ibatullin
Abstract
August 14, 2001 was the 70-th birthday and 40 years of medical, scientific, pedagogical and social activity of Professor of Clinical Anatomy and Surgical Surgery Department of Kazan State Medical Academy, Honored Scientist of the Republic of Tatarstan, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor I.A. Ibatullin.