Vol 82, No 4 (2001)

The influence of a new enterosorbent-enterosgel on the immune and autoimmune process in the dynamics of ischemic heart disease and the possibilities of endogenic intoxication decrease using the given drug are estimated. The use of enterosgel made it possible to get the high therapeutic hypolipidemic and autoimmunocorrecting effect in patients with ischemic heart disease, expressed in the improvement of the state - the decrease of the frequency of stenocardia making it case of peace and effort making it possible to decrease daily nitroglycerine dose.

The factors determining the motor activity are revealed and the adequate system of measures on drawing workers of industrial works in going in for physical training in the sanatorium-preventive clinic is developed. Two basic groups of methodical approaches: general clinic therapeutic examination to estimate the state of health and generally accepted in sport medicine the methods to estimate physical development, physical work ability and states of motion apparatus were used. The mathematical model of motion activity and health level in multidimensional relations with factors affecting them was constructed.

The temporary obturation of bronchi is used in 16 patients with post-operative nonhermetism of the lung to prevent and to treat pleura empyema. Good results are obtained in 15 (93,8%) of the patients, in 11 (68,8%) of them the full recovery is achieved, in 4 (25%) of them some dry pleural cavities are retained. The complications significantly affecting the final result of the treatment of patients with temporary obturation of bronchi were absent. Temporary obturation of bronchi is effective in the treatment of postoperative nonhermetism of the lung and in prevention of pleura empyema.

As many as 1500 patients with various pathology of bone and muscular system were examined. The comparative study of traditional roentgenography, ultrasound examination, computer and magnetoresonance tomography was carried out to determine the optimum application in examining bone and muscular system. In many cases of the bone and muscular system diseases (bone fractures, osteomyelitis, bone tumors, soft tissue fistulas) the ultrasound examination successfully competes with other methods and in some cases, it is the method of choice.

As many as 48 patients hospitalized with tubal pregnancy were examined and operated. Early second- look laparoscopy with adhesiolysis and chromohydrotubation was performed on the second day of postoperative period to 12 patients, on the third day - to 17 patients and to the rest of patients — on the fourth, fifth and seventh day. Repeated adhesiolysis, chromohydrotubation with visual control of uterine tube permeability were performed in third-look laparoscopy. The special titanium trocars were used 2 for early second-look laparoscopy. It is established that second- and third-look laparoscopies make it possible to observe adhesions after surgical intervention and to perform adhesiolysis.

The state of enzymatic link of the antioxidant system of blood serum by the level of catalase, peroxidase, ceruloplasmin and total antioxidant activity is studied in 65 children with chronic cholecystocholangitis and in 62 patients with dyskinesias of biliar sistem. The change of antioxidant activity depending on the disease duration and pathologic process nature is revealed. The clinical and biochemical efficiency of the use of “lipostabil” in complex therapy is justified.

As many as 70 patients with various stages of osteoarthrosis deformans are examined. Earlier signs of the disease — epiphyses change of the cyst type and small ostephytes are revealed using microfocal roentgenography with direct increase of the image. The roentgen semiotics of this disease depending on the pathologic process stage is refined and supplemented.

The complex clinical and laboratory examination of 110 patients with microbial eczema is carried out. The change of skin microbiocenosis in eczematous foci is revealed. It is established that the disorders of important regulatory systems: immune, “protease specific inhibitors”, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection; hemostasis and microcirculation lie in the multifactorial pathogenesis of mycrobial eczema. The new pathogenetic therapy by sodium hypochlorite is suggested.

In recent decades, powerful anthropogenic impacts on modern ecosystems and the introduction of advances in pharmacology into medical practice have led to significant changes both in the human biocenosis itself and in the etiological structure of all infectious pathology. The traditional pathogenic agents responsible for the development of infectious diseases have been replaced by opportunistic microorganisms, which had previously exhibited their pathogenic properties comparatively rarely. Both the number and the characteristics of the pathological properties of the newly described microbes are rapidly increasing. At the same time, there are reports on the possible involvement of previously known, "normal" microorganisms in human pathology. The field of modern infectious pathology has begun to shift more and more toward the environmental problems of medicine, when all questions, from determining the etiology of a disease process to treating the patient, involve taking into account other components of the microbiocenosis. It is already obvious that the spectrum of such diseases is not limited to the traditionally known in this respect gut dysbacteriosis.

Children's cerebral palsy (cerebral palsy) occupies the main place among the causes that lead to disability from childhood. The majority of disabled patients with various forms of cerebral palsy have a late residual stage, which is characterized by stabilization of the pathological process. Hence, it is of great interest to study the central mechanisms of formation of cerebral palsy syndromes in patients in the late residual period.

The quality of medical care depends on a complex of factors that characterize many aspects of the doctor's activity - medical and biological, social and hygienic, production, etc. The aim of this work was to describe mathematically the influence of unfavorable factors on the activity of an ultrasound diagnostician and to build a model to improve the quality of his work.

The average individual effective irradiation doses of population of the Zelenodolsk region by the radiation and hygienic passport system data for 1999 are determined. It is shown that 74% of the effective dose are defined by the natural factors. The measures directed to the decrease of the dose loads at the expense of medical roentgen procedures are considered. It is established that the true decrease of dose loads on population can achieved at the expense of reducing the medical irradiation part.

Dust-related lung diseases still occupy a significant place among other forms of occupational pathology, accounting for about 30% in the structure of occupational diseases in our country. Pneumoconiosis continues to be one of the priority problems of occupational medicine worldwide, and for many developing countries - one of the most important: at various production facilities the number of patients with silicosis reaches 54.6% of the number of workers. In Canada, 283 cases of silicosis have been reported among 68,000 people working in dust-exposed environments; in the United States, about 3 million people have significant occupational exposure to silica dust.

May 30, 2001 was the 75th birthday and 46 years of medical and scientific activity of Arkady Leyzerovich Gimmelfarb, Head of scientific-organizational and patent-information department of Tatarstan Scientific Research Center "Restorative Traumatology and Orthopedics", honored inventor of the Republic of Tatarstan, Doctor of Medical Sciences.

June 26, 2001 Head of the Department of Pathophysiology of Kazan State Medical University, Honored Scientist of the Republic of Tatarstan, Professor Marcel Mirgayazovich Minnebayev turned 60.

August 14, 2001 was the 70-th birthday and 40 years of medical, scientific, pedagogical and social activity of Professor of Clinical Anatomy and Surgical Surgery Department of Kazan State Medical Academy, Honored Scientist of the Republic of Tatarstan, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor I.A. Ibatullin.