Vol 39, No 2 (1958)

On December 10, 1927, an outstanding Kazan clinician, prof. S. S. Zimnitsky, widely known for his works in domestic and foreign literature. Four days before the fatal event, anginal pains, which he suffered in the last years of his life, intensified. On the day of his death, those around him noticed that he was giving a lecture while sitting for the first time. I returned home, read the newspapers.

Over the past decades, advances in the study of normal and pathological physiology of respiration have had a beneficial effect on the development of diagnostics of respiratory diseases, and especially functional diagnostics. The functional concept is insufficiency, which, along with the clinical and anatomical characteristics of the process, has become an organic part of the diagnosis in the field of circulatory diseases, only in the last two to three decades has it begun to enter clinical use, in the diagnosis of respiratory diseases. This was largely facilitated by new laboratory (blood gas research) and instrumental methods (spirometry, spirography, pneumotachometry, etc.). On the basis of the physiological teachings of I.P. Pavlov, our ideas about the regulatory role of the nervous system in relation to the respiratory apparatus, in particular in pathological conditions, are becoming more and more obvious and specific.

Hypertension is one of the most important problems of modern medicine. Its relevance is due to the fact that this disease, affecting a large number of workers in the prime of their creative powers (40-50 years), leads them to early disability and premature death, causing great economic damage to the state.

According to our published clinical, laboratory and X-ray observations, diseases of the digestive system - peptic ulcer, diseases of the biliary tract, chronic appendicitis - are naturally complicated by associated functional disorders of various parts of the digestive system. These concomitant reflex disturbances at the first functional stage proceed latently, or are the cause of an atypical or masked picture of the main suffering. Initial functional changes develop over time into organic changes, leading to the development of well-known to clinicians, difficult to treat, combined sufferings of the abdominal organs.

To resolve the diagnostic difficulties that are often encountered in the recognition of icteric syndrome, functional tests have been repeatedly proposed in order to provide a differential diagnosis between jaundice associated with liver parenchyma disease and mechanical (obstructive) jaundice (determination of the level of prothrombin after loading with vitamin K, determination of alkaline phosphatase in the blood and etc.).

The work of our department over the past few years has focused on developing a methodology for the application of sound recording in the study of mental illness. In this message, we cannot go into detail on the fundamental and methodological foundations for this area of work.

Ureterovaginal fistulas after extended extirpation of the uterus occur from 2.5 to 12%. In our clinic for 502 operations in the period 1946-1956. ureteral-vaginal fistulas were found in 5.1%. Prevention of ureteral-vaginal fistulas during removal of a cancerous uterus is an important practical task, the solution of which significantly improves the results of surgical therapy for cervical cancer.

For the diagnosis of lesions of the autonomic nervous system, the state of the pupils and pupillary reflexes are essential. The size and shape of the pupils is determined by the degree of contraction of the smooth muscles that form the sphincter and dilatator of the pupil. Parasympathetic fibers, which run as part of the oculomotor nerve, acting on the sphincter, lead to a narrowing of the pupil, while sympathetic fibers cause its expansion, due to the contraction of the dilator.

In terms of the severity of the disease and mortality, whooping cough is one of the first places among other infectious diseases of childhood. No other infection is as lethal at an early age as whooping cough. The incidence of whooping cough in recent years has a certain tendency to decrease, but this decrease is insignificant in comparison with the decrease noted in relation to other droplet infections (A.I. Dobrokhotova).

Burns, which make up about 10% of all injuries (A. Drevin) 3, often put a peripheral doctor in a difficult position when choosing the most appropriate and affordable treatment method in a rural hospital.

In May 1957, the 1st Infectious Diseases Hospital of the mountains. Kazan with suspicion of typhoid fever entered the family of I-vykh - a mother and two children living in the Leninsky district of the city. The disease was accompanied by a typhoid condition, roseolous rash, relative bradycardia, enlarged liver and spleen, and leukopenia. A paratyphoid stick "B" was seeded from the blood of the patients. On the 6th day of illness, Vidal's reaction was positive in all patients with paratyphoid B diagnostics in a titer of 1: 200.

As you know, the detection of epithelial cells of the vaginal mucosa and nasal mucosa is the main aid in the diagnosis of blood spots of vaginal or nasal origin, which in some cases has an important forensic value. Unfortunately, however, the finds of burying preserved epithelial cells in old dry blood spots in forensic practice seem to be very rare and when deciding on the regional origin of blood, “in the overwhelming majority of cases, forensic experts are deprived of the opportunity to give any satisfactory answer to the forensic authorities "(M. A. Bronnikova).

In Moscow on November 28-29, 1957, the IX scientific session of the Institute of Surgery. AV Vishnevsky of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, dedicated to the 40th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution. The session was opened with a speech by a full member of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, prof. AA Vishnevsky on the results of the scientific activity of the Institute of Surgery named after AV Vishnevsky of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR on the 40th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution and on a promising plan for further research.