Vol 35, No 10 (1939)
- Year: 1939
- Published: 15.10.1939
- Articles: 37
- URL: https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/issue/view/9292
Full Issue
XXII Anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution
Abstract
the people of our country look back at the path they have traveled. This is a path of gigantic victories and successes on all fronts of the struggle for communism.
Under the leadership of the glorious Bolshevik Party and the great Stalin, in place of the backward, impoverished and uncultured tsarist Russia, a powerful socialist industrial state with the most advanced socialized agriculture has been created.
In our country, slavery and exploitation, unemployment and poverty have been put to an end forever.
Clinical and theoretical medicine
Scientific, medical and social activities of Professor V.K. Menshikov
Abstract
Viktor Konstantinovich Menshikov received his higher education at the medical faculty of Kazan University, graduating with honors in 1898.
In 1899, exactly forty years ago, V.K. began working at the Kazan Children's Clinic and has been fruitfully working there ever since, creating a school for Kazan pediatricians.
On childhood pneumonia
Abstract
Pneumonia occupies a significant place in the clinic of childhood diseases. According to Medovikov, the number of pneumonia patients in the chest clinic of the Institute of Okhmatmlada is 24.3% of the total number of patients; according to Sadykova - 32%. Of all the patients who have been through the hospital of our clinic over the past 7 years, 14.4% of patients had pneumonia.
When studying pneumonia, attention is drawn to the dependence of the respiratory disease on a number of exogenous and endogenous factors (meteorological and housing conditions, constitution, nutritional status, etc.).
X-ray therapy of pneumonia in childhood
Abstract
In the clinic of diseases of infancy, pneumonia occupies such a large place that it should be given no less attention than nutritional disorders. The frequency of pneumonia in infancy is well known. It depends, on the one hand, on the anatomical and physiological properties of the infant, and on the other hand, on a number of individual pathological conditions that make infancy especially vulnerable.
Clinical and radiological recognition of peptic ulcer disease in children
Abstract
Peptic ulcer disease in children, in the opinion of most pediatricians, is a rare disease, and most importantly, difficult to diagnose. This can only be agreed with in relation to early childhood, when gastric and duodenal ulcers are almost always exclusively a pathologist's finding. Duodenal ulcers in infants are more common than gastric ulcers.
On the etiology of childhood summer diarrhea
Abstract
The issue of studying the etiology and epidemiology of gastrointestinal diseases is of paramount importance in improving the health of the population and eliminating gastrointestinal diseases.
For a number of years, the intestinal infections laboratory has been studying material sent from children's and infectious diseases hospitals, from consultations, outpatient clinics, etc. for dysentery.
About dysentery in small children
Abstract
Dysentery in small children has not been sufficiently studied. Therefore, I considered it possible to share our material that passed through the children's infectious diseases department of the Soviet hospital in Kalinin in 1938. By age, children are distributed as follows: up to 11 months - 36.2%, 1 year - 2 years 11 months - 55.6%, 3 - 7 years - 8.2%.
When a child was admitted to the hospital, we took feces for examination and found bacteria in 23.6% of cases. According to our material, the severity of the disease and
On the pathogenesis of toxic dyspepsia
Abstract
At present, it can be considered a generally accepted view that the basis of the toxic dyspepsia syndrome is a violation of cellular metabolism, but the ways in which it occurs are still unknown. One of the most important aspects of the pathogenesis of intoxications is the question of the nature of those toxic substances that penetrate the blood through the damaged intestinal wall and cause a profound violation of intermediary metabolism.
Treatment of toxic dyspepsia
Abstract
In 1938, 565 children with acute eating disorders, i.e. simple and toxic dyspepsia and dysentery, were treated at the Sverdlovsk Children's Clinic of the Institute of OMM and the Medical Institute. If at present the treatment of simple dyspepsia does not present any difficulties for an experienced pediatrician, the situation with the treatment of toxic dyspepsia is much worse. According to the materials of the children's clinic, they make up 29.91% of all acute eating disorders.
Despite significant advances in the study of the pathogenesis of toxic dyspepsia, not everything is clear here.
The use of acidophilus milk in children with nutritional disorders
Abstract
The use of fermentative-acid mixtures for therapeutic purposes, in children with nutritional disorders, is widespread. Mechnikov's lactobacillin was once very successful. Recently, in the USSR and abroad, mainly in America, lactobacillin has given way to another lactic acid product, acidophilus milk.
Blood transfusion for dysentery in children
Abstract
Blood transfusion as a treatment method has long since gained a strong position in surgery, gynecology, and therapy. In the field of infectious diseases, in particular, dysentery in children, the issue of blood transfusion is still in the process of accumulating material. Based on individual works available in Russian literature, it can be concluded that there is no consensus on this issue yet; for example, the Kharkov Institute of Blood Transfusion did not achieve the desired results from blood transfusion for dysentery (Dr. Raigorodsky). Professor Gershenovich and Associate Professor Lyubetskaya, using 63 cases from the Children's Clinic of the Tashkent Medical Institute, observed good results from blood transfusion in the treatment of toxic dysentery and colitis.
Blood transfusion in severe forms of scarlet fever and mixed infections
Abstract
The use of antitoxic serum in the treatment of patients with severe toxic scarlet fever has resulted in a significant reduction in mortality. However, the treatment of toxic scarlet fever remains an unsolved problem to this day, and the mortality rate for these forms reaches high figures. We are even more defenseless in the treatment of septic scarlet fever, since the use of antitoxic serum does not give good results in these forms. It is quite understandable that scientific thought is looking for new, more effective methods of treating scarlet fever.
On the issue of dietetics in typhoid fever
Abstract
At present, we do not yet have a specific remedy for the treatment of typhoid fever. Serotherapy, once proposed by Shantemesse, has been abandoned. Bacteriotherapy has also not yet been sufficiently developed. Therefore, the outcome of the disease depends greatly on the doctor's measures aimed at maintaining the strength of the patient's body, on therapeutic nutrition. Grevs also pointed out the need to feed typhoid patients well. In this direction, a large amount of material that attracts special attention is available in Umikov's work.
Simplified method of serodiagnosis of typhoid and typhus fever
Abstract
For the diagnosis of typhoid fever, Vidal proposed in 1896 an agglutination reaction with the serum of patients, using a live culture of Ebert's bacillus as an antigen. A similar reaction was proposed in 1917 by Weil and Felix for typhus fever. Both of these reactions became well known, were widely used, and are still a very valuable diagnostic method.
Otitis and antritis in early childhood and their role in nutritional and digestive disorders
Abstract
Inflammatory processes in the middle ear and its accessory cavities in young children and infants are common. Netter speaks of 100% ear damage in sick infants, Parro - 95%, Balaban and Khokhol - 86%, Kyucharyants - 78%.
In our small material, during the autopsy of 63 corpses of young children, changes in the middle ear and its cavities were found in 48, i.e. in 76%; for infants, the percentage is 83 (40 out of 48).
Osteomyelitis of the ilium in children
Abstract
Osteomyelitis of the ilium, like osteomyelitis of flat bones in general, is a rare disease, but compared to other flat bones, the ilium is more often affected by infection. Thus, Bergman observed osteomyelitis of the ilium in 137 cases (13.5%) out of 1008 cases of osteomyelitis of all bones; Klemm found localization of the process in the ilium in 26 cases (10%) out of 269 cases of osteomyelitis.
On the rigidity of arteries in children
Abstract
Several years ago, based on the material of the children's sanatorium of the Southern Railway in Evpatoria, where I was a consultant, I noticed an interesting fact — a special, not corresponding to age, density of arteries in children. In this case, the arteries were palpated as more or less dense cords, reminiscent of sclerotic arteries of adults, but distinguished by the absence of knots and tortuosity. I have repeatedly demonstrated this phenomenon to residents of our sanatorium, however, I began to develop this issue only in 1936, based on the material of the same sanatorium.
Basal Metabolism in Primary Subgenitalism in Puberty
Abstract
The question of the relationship of endocrine glands in the process of hormone formation still cannot be considered finally resolved. Interglandular or, more accurately, interhormonal correlations in both physiological and pathological conditions are so intertwined and complex that it is hardly possible to speak of an isolated dysfunction of one specific gland. An increase or decrease in the function of one gland invariably entails a dysfunction of one or a group of other glands. Of course, a huge role should be attributed here to the central nervous system, as a regulator of the complex relationships of the endocrine organs.
Observations from practice and short communications
A case of pylorospasm and pyloric stenosis in early childhood
Abstract
Pylorospasm is a severe disease of infancy, according to Getz it occurs in 2.7% of children under 1 year of age, but often goes under other diagnoses. The phenomena of pyloric obstruction consist in the fact that in children born healthy, full-term, 1-2 weeks after birth, against the background of complete health, vomiting appears, regardless of the quantity and quality of milk consumed, after a few days constipation appears, the amount of urine decreases, sometimes to complete anuria.
Case of fetal malformation
Abstract
S., 22 years old, was admitted to the hospital with labor pains. From the hereditary side: her father did not abuse alcohol, her mother gave birth 7 times, and 1 time she gave birth to twins (2 boys). As a child, the mother had measles and scarlet fever. Her menstruation began at 17.5 years. This is her first pregnancy.
Reviews
Mucomembranous colitis
Abstract
Described for the first time as a pure intestinal neurosis by Sairidal and Da Costa, mucomembranous colitis, upon more in-depth study, was considered by many authors as a catarrhal process - colitis, often complicated by a neurogenic component of a secondary nature, creating a certain uniqueness of the clinical syndrome. An intermediate place between these authors was occupied by Nothnagel, who was the first to express a dualistic view.