Vol 33, No 2 (1937)

In the expressed form of avitaminosis, we are now observed less and less. Nevertheless, the problem of vitamin deficiencies remains relevant for the practitioner. As the physiological role of vitamins and their importance in pathology becomes more and more clear, the presence of light, "erased" forms, which are more correctly called hypovitaminosis, becomes more and more obvious. Experience shows that the generally accepted ideas about the conditions for the occurrence of avitaminosis should be revised. Not only in the absence or in the absence of one or another vitamin in food, vitamin deficiency can develop. More and more observations are accumulating showing that a weak or even strongly pronounced vitamin deficiency can appear in a person who receives a completely complete diet. This phenomenon, paradoxical at first glance, can take place under the following circumstances: with digestive disorders associated with impaired absorption; with liver diseases (the latter is especially important for vitamin A deficiency, since the conversion of carotene into vitamin A suffers); when the need for vitamins is increased against the norm, for example, in rapidly growing children or in lactating women who excrete significant amounts of vitamin C with milk; with increased destruction of vitamin stores in the body, which is observed with all kinds of infections and other febrile and debilitating diseases. To what has been said, it must also be added that very often our food turns out to be poor in vitamins, due to irrational preparation, improper storage of food, peculiar deviations of appetite, etc. In the earliest stages, when even mild clinical symptoms do not yet exist, modern methods of studying vitamins can the presence of latent hypovitaminosis. This is especially evident in the example of the scourge.

The study of the problem of water exchange and issues of the pathogenesis of edema (Starling, Krog, Beilis, Schade, Gover, Shabanier, Kilin, etc.) made it possible to establish the colossal significance in the pathogenesis of nephrosis of a number of factors associated with the state of the body's proteins. To one degree or another, depletion of blood plasma proteins, sharp changes in the ratio of protein fractions with a shift towards the coarse-dispersed phase (globulins), an increase in the hydrophilicity of tissue colloids (McClure and Aldrich test) characterize pathological shifts in the protein economy of the body. The osmotic pressure of nephrotic plasma proteins drops sharply due to an increase in osmotically much less active globulins and fibrinogen (Schade, Shabanier, Gover, Kilin, Malkin, etc.). This decrease can in some cases reach a value of 10-14 cm of water column in comparison with the normal value of 30-40 cm (Gover, Golikov). According to modern views, these violations of the protein constant due to changes in the salt balance, in the state of permeability of the capillary wall and the state of tissue colloids are a common cause of the hydropic state of the body. Along with the violation of protein metabolism, changes in the state of lipoid-cholesterol metabolism occur in the body with nephrosis. The absence of contraindications for giving nephrotic protein is well known.

In the pathology of the stomach and intestines, constitutional factors play a prominent role (enteroptosis, coecum mobile, etc.). In particular, persons with habitus enteroptoticus are predisposed to all kinds of functional diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (atony of the stomach and intestines, etc.).

Of all the methods of treating epidemic meningitis, the method of serotherapy has acquired the greatest relevance. Despite the fact that the issue of serotherapy is already 30 years old, it has not yet received final resolution. A number of authors who have used serum in our country in recent years could not confirm the benefits of serum treatment. All this put before the institutes producing anti-meningococcal sera, the question of titrating them and the titration method itself. “The problem of serotherapy of cerebrospinal meningitis is, first of all, a problem of the method of titration of anti-meningococcal serum” (Prof. Zdrodovsky).

In 1929, Professor A.V. Vishnevsky proposed the treatment of spontaneous gangrene by anesthesia of the perirenal space with a novocaine solution used in surgical operations. Such anesthesia, according to prof. AV Vishnevsky, was supposed to have an anesthetic effect on the nervous system of the adrenal gland. It meant that the effect after removal of one adrenal gland according to Oppel in spontaneous gangrene does not depend on a decrease in the accumulation of adrenaline in the blood, but is associated with mechanical blockage of the adrenal gland during surgical, rather traumatic intervention.

Introduced into surgical practice by Lister, catgut quickly became an integral part of surgical use, and it has not lost its significance to this day. Despite all the power of modern asepsis, surgery even now cannot do without absorbable material for sutures and ligatures, since non-absorbable material, being a foreign body, remaining in the body, can cause a long-lasting inflammatory process in the surrounding tissues. In practice, each surgeon has to observe patients with long-term non-healing fistulas formed as a result of expelling silk or thread ligatures.

Human body resp. the animal is one whole, where all the individual parts are closely related and mutually influence each other. From this point of view, it is clear that there is a definite connection between gynecological diseases and diseases of other organs, and the source of the disease is not always localized in the diseased organ, but often outside it. So, it is well known that a disease of the organs of internal secretion, heart, lungs and other organs can cause disease of the female genital area.

This article presents the results of work carried out by me in the laboratories of the pharmacological department of the Smolensk and Arkhangelsk medical institutes on dogs, as well as the results of the use of course subcutaneous injections of oxygen in some diseases in humans, obtained by a team of doctors working under my leadership (Keverovich E.I., Villert A.O., Yudenich V.A. and others) in the Smolensk hospital of the FZITK.

Chloracid is an acidic chlorine-containing drug that surpasses most conventional chemical disinfectants in its bactericidal power. Chloracid is used in the form of 1% - 2% solutions, which do not harm tissues at all.

On June 14, 1933, a 2¹/₂ year old boy, Kolya K., was admitted to the hospital for a head wound. The father said that the child was kicked by a horse. Immediately after the injury, a bandage was applied to the wound, and the child was taken to the hospital (the distance to the hospital is 6 km).

The esophagus is the most vulnerable part of the alimentary canal, where foreign bodies most often fall. The literature is so rich in the casuistry of foreign bodies entering the esophagus that, it would seem, it was not worth citing an extra case. Nevertheless, each patient of this kind is of a certain interest in its characteristics, which is why we consider it necessary to publish our case.

Compared to the first Ukrainian congress of radiologists and radiologists in 1934 (cf. Kaz. Medical Zh., No. 11-12, 1934), the second congress turned out to be more crowded, especially at the expense of young scientists, mainly from Ukraine. A total of 368 delegates attended the congress, including representatives of almost all major centers of Soviet radiology, which gave the congress an all-Union character. Basically, however, this congress was a review of Ukrainian radiology and radiology, in particular the Central X-ray Institute named after Chubar in Kharkov, Kiev and Odessa institutes. With regard to the Kharkov and Kiev institutes, the second congress was of an anniversary character. The directors of these institutes prof. G.I. Kharmandaryan (Kharkov) and D.O. Grinevich (Kiev) at the opening of the congress, on December 17 in the evening, presented reports on the 15-year activity of the institutions they run.

At the beginning of this work, the author gives a brief overview of normal intestinal physiology, noting that not all bowel movements can be identified with peristalsis.

To study the pemphigus virus and dermatitis herpetiformis, the authors conducted experiments on rabbits.

Of the 50 cases alopeciae ar. in 12 children it was possible to establish the etiology of the disease.

A case of the disease was described when a 15-year-old boy had the process localized on his stomach and in the armpits.

In the acute stage of salvarsan dermatitis, when the patient has vesicular rashes, the author recommends using a 5% aqueous solution of tannin in the form of spraying the whole body or applying lotions to localized lesions.

Charcoal and animal charcoal prepared in the form of a 2% sterile suspension in distilled water or a solution of sodium chloride was subjected to the study.

The author's modification boils down to the fact that, using the Vitebsk antigen, he dilutes it not in an ordinary saline solution, but in a carbolized saline solution.

The author treated 20 patients with gonorrhea urethritis with hyperthermia.

On January 17, the VIII graduation of X-ray technicians, who graduated from the courses organized by the X-ray Center of the ATSSR, led by Prof. Gasul, took place. Of 19 people. 7 go to work in the districts, and the rest remain in Kazan to service the city's X-ray rooms. There are four Tatars among the cadets.

Do not refuse the courtesy to post an appeal to doctors from Kazan, 1912 issue.