Vol 34, No 3 (1938)

Experimental and clinical observations indicate a certain participation of the cerebral cortex in the genesis of the main forms of the periodic rhythm of respiration (Cheyne-Stokes, Biot and wave-like respiration).

Myotonia is one of those diseases of the nervous system that still cannot be considered sufficiently studied in terms of their essence, their pathogenesis, their topics.

One of the topical issues of neuropathology and special medical literature is the study of the tabes of the spinal cord. Exchange of experience in the field of treatment, comparative data on individual countries and segments of the population, study of statistical material allow us to judge the dynamics of this disease, the severity and predominance of individual symptoms and forms. On the other hand, the data of numerous authors about a particular duration of the incubation period, the presence or absence of primary manifestations of syphilitic infection, and other questions leave many aspects of this interesting disease insufficiently illuminated. In recent years, our acquaintance with the blood-brain barrier, with its changes in various organic diseases of the central nervous system, data on the biology of pallidum spirochete, on the so-called latent nervous syphilis, on the pathogenesis of tabic crises allow us to explain some aspects of the clinical picture of the tabes of the spinal cord , which remained unclear until now.

Currently, a number of reactions are used to diagnose syphilis — Wasserman, Kahn, Meinike, cytocholic, Sachs-Georgi and Saks-Vitebsk.

Our observations were made on 76 patients with acute mountain complications. 28 patients were from the inpatient department of the Veninstitute, and the rest were from outpatient admission, all patients were between 18 and 54 years old. According to the localization of foci, our patients are divided into patients with epididymitis — 46, prostatitis — 23 and arthritis — 6. Out of 46 patients with epididymitis, 8 had epididymitis alone without other complications, in 21 epididymitis was accompanied by prostatitis, in 8 patients we diagnosed epididymitis with prostatitis and vesiculitis, in 9 patients had epididymitis complicated by funiculitis.

The issue of mixed infection with tuberculosis has its own history. If at first the researchers Koch, Cornet, Petrushki, Vysokovich, Brauer and Peters, Maraliano, Baumgarten attached great importance to mixed infection during tuberculosis, then a number of authors, especially recently, and mainly the French school, assign it a secondary role (Besançon, Layden, Jochmann, Schrader and Manles). I. Hollo in his review article on mixed infection with tuberculosis (1930) comes to the conclusion that the question of mixed infection in general is resolved; in the cavity itself and in the respiratory tract of a tuberculosis patient, there can always be various microbes, but they behave like saprophytes or semi-parasites. It can be considered established, says Hollo, that the entire course of tuberculosis is due exclusively to the tubercle bacillus and that "there are no such forms of tuberculosis, such phases in its course, and there is not a single symptom that would depend on the action of other microbes." Even if such an impact is possible, he says, it is very insignificant and inconsistent.

Inflammation of the appendix is ​​the most common form of inflammation in the abdominal cavity. According to statistical data, 30-35% of all surgical patients are operated on for appendicitis. Studies by various authors have proven that appendicitis develops as a result of the action of virulent bacteria on the mucous membrane of the appendix. Until now, it has not been possible to establish whether a specific causative agent of appendicitis exists, although numerous studies in this area would allow this to be done, if such in fact existed (Rushev). Rosenov in his studies in 70% of cases of appendicitis discovered a special type of streptococci, which, in his opinion, cause appendicitis. Will identified an anaerobe that looks like you. perfringens and bac. oedematis (in acute appendicitis): According to Ashof (1927), appendicitis is caused by Diplostreptococcus (enterococcus) and gram-positive rods. Fonio (1923) believes that appendicitis is caused by a special gram-positive diplococcus and a special thin stick; Fischer is of the same opinion. However, all these data have not received general confirmation and the presence of a specific pathogen has not been proven. According to the research of many authors (Dejen and Michiner, Jings, Brutt, etc.) we have a mixed infection with appendicitis with a predominance of streptococci and E. coli in acute cases. There are many works devoted to the bacteriology of appendicitis, which cannot be listed in our brief work, the conclusion can be drawn as follows: diseases of the appendix are caused by a mixed infection. The normal process always contains various microbial forms. Chronic appendicitis also always contains various types of microbes. What are the ways of appendicitis? Enterogenic pathway — the disease of the appendix is ​​caused by microbes located in the appendix itself, due to abnormal conditions for its nutrition and position. This includes all kinds of closure of the lumen by the contents, whether it is the semi-liquid contents of the appendix, fecal calculus, swelling of the mucous membrane, or something else. The same mechanical obstacles can create bends of the appendix and its retroperitoneal position. All these points are reduced to the theory of the so-called. "Cavité close" (Talamon) (1892), Dielafoy (1896). Despite various objections and conflicting facts, the thought expressed by Dielafoy remains valid to this day. This position is confirmed by numerous studies of Boseno (1897), Rouville, Bois-Heyd (1912), Geil, Mordvinkin and others, not as the only cause of appendicitis, but as a factor contributing to it.

Krol in his well-known book "Neuropathological syndromes" says: "The more thoroughly we get acquainted with diseases, the more we are convinced that the typical picture of the disease, which led to the isolation of a given nosological group, is much less common than not typical." As an example, he points to epidemic encephalitis. This relatively new nosological unit still does not yet have its comprehensive description; therefore, very often we meet with new symptoms and combinations of symptoms of this disease. From this point of view, our case is of certain interest.

Patient 3., M., 32 years old (East bol. No. 465), a collective farmer, was admitted to the hospital on 28 / X 36 years with complaints of facial edema and mild pain in the lower abdomen. Until now, she has not noted any diseases. B-Naya considers herself pregnant since June 1936, when the menstruation, which had come neatly before that and established from the age of 14, stopped. Pregnancy was one 10 years ago and ended in normal urgent labor. He denies abortion and gonorrhea. In July 36, there were some seizures, expressed by loss of consciousness and convulsions. The patient did not seek help anywhere. The patient comes under the supervision of doctors for the first time on September 20, 36. During examination at that time, it was found in her: the uterus is well defined on the left, enlarged, mobile, and on the right of the uterus there is a tumor that is closely connected with the uterus, its upper border is at the level of the navel , and the left one goes slightly beyond the middle line. Slightly below the navel and to the right of it, the fetal heartbeat is well heard. The patient was diagnosed with Graviditas extrauterina progressiva. The patient categorically refused the proposed operation. On September 25, 36, the patient was advised to go to the Bugulma interdistrict hospital, where the gynecologist, consulting the patient, suspected pregnancy in the uterine horn, and suggested an operation. The patient, having spent two days in the hospital, refused the operation and, having declared that she would go to the operation in her hospital, left Bugulma. Arriving home, the patient did not show up at the hospital, but began her usual work. 25.X.36 after hard work (dug up a garden and carried sacks of potatoes), the patient felt aching pains in the lower abdomen. The next day, she felt a severe headache and noticed swelling in her face and arms, which led her to the hospital for the second time. The patient is of average height, regular constitution, visible mucous membranes and skin are normally colored, with a slight bluishness on the lips, the face and hands are swollen. The upper border of the heart is at the lower edge of the 3 ribs, the right one along lin. parasternalis sin., left — 1. mammilaris. Heart sounds are clean. Pulse 90 VH, tense. The temperature is 36.8. On the part of the lungs, no pathological changes were noted. The spleen and liver are not palpable. The abdomen is irregular; the right side is swollen, the left sunken. On palpation in the abdominal cavity, an oblong-shaped tumor is felt to the right of the uterus, closely adhered to it, painful when pressed. The upper border of the tumor extends 2 fingers above the navel, the left one goes beyond the midline of the abdomen at the level of the navel. On the right above the tumor, the fetal heartbeat is clearly heard, which does not coincide with the mother's pulse. The entrance to the vagina is slightly bluish in color. Portio vaginalis uteri not softened, vaults are free, ripples art. uterinae no. The uterus is enlarged, palpable to the left of the tumor, mobile and connected with the tumor by a bridge. Small parts of the fetus are not determined in the study. There were no urinary disorders. When boiled, urine contains a large amount of protein. On 27.X.36, shortness of breath appeared in the evening. The patient was strongly offered an operation, which she refused. On 30.X.36, nausea appeared, in the evening vomiting of herbs, headaches became unbearable, at 9 o'clock in the evening an attack of eclampsia was noted. Treatment according to Stroganov was started. In ½ hour, a second seizure followed and 2 hours later a third, very intense ... The patient is unrecognizable from the strong swelling of the face. The urine contains a huge amount of protein. The patient agreed to the operation.

In patients with typical amoebic dysentery, where the diagnosis is confirmed bacteriologically, serum has the property of binding complement in the presence of a specific antigen.

A.a. made inoculations on Lee and Rivers medium, as well as on chorion-allantois of chick embryos of 12 days of age.

The variety of agglutinatory types of enterococci is more and more disclosed, and if Meyer and Levenshtein established in their time the presence of 4 types, then Takeda was able to find among the 96 strains of enterococci — 18 types that he isolated, which contained specific receptors.

Hirschfeld and Halber showed that as a result of the cheesy process, organ-specificity disappears and a new so-called "cheesy specificity" appears, found in any organ where only this process takes place. Further studies showed the identity of the serological properties of cheesy decay and pus, since the leukocytes of both contain a single antigen.

Death caused by electric shock is the subject of research carried out in recent years in the USSR, Sweden, USA and other countries. In Germany, experiments are carried out mainly on dogs, and in America, on sheep; studies on small animals are for comparison purposes only. These studies, involving more than 150 animals and lasting for many years, are aimed at establishing the strength of the current, which, for any direction of the current through the body, at any frequency and for any duration of the action of the current, does not cause any disturbance in the activity of the heart.

Based on his observations, a. recommends autohemotherapy according to Leven for the treatment of hydroadenitis of the armpit, indicating that this method gives very good results, especially in case of relapses of the disease.

A. describes a case of a rare lateral dislocation in the Lisfranc joint without a fracture of the base of the second metatarsal bone.

With spina bifida, there are cases of simultaneous spasm or relaxation of the cystic wall and internal sphincter, or a combination of the two. In some cases, a. found noticeable changes in the voluntary sphincter, and in some cases even its complete absence. The state of this sphincter can be judged by the degree of sensitivity disorder of the pudendal plexus, from which an additional nerve approaches the arbitrary sphincter. No connection can be established between the size of spina bifida, the degree of urinary or defecation failure and the degree of sensory disturbance of the pudendal plexus.

Until recently, the method of treatment for a combination of fracture and dislocation of the lower jaw consisted mostly of removing a fractured articular process displaced from its glenoid cavity.

The absence of evidence-based, pathological, anatomical and radiological changes gives a. reason to consider the mechanical factor to be the main point in the etiology of the rupture.

The author divides pathological changes in sperm into the following groups: 1) azoospermia, 2) oligospermia, 3) necrospermia, 4) aspermia or complete absence of semen.

In 1937, there were 44 members of the Kazan branch of the Society of Neuropathologists and Psychiatrists.