Hygienic education and training — the main direction of the implementation of health-saving measures in educational organizations

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Abstract

Background. Hygienic education and the creation of conditions for motivating schoolchildren to health-saving behavior is the most important task of parents, teachers, the public, preventive medicine and the state.

Aim. Studying the advantages and disadvantages of educational technologies used in working with schoolchildren and their parents when conducting hygiene education in educational institutions.

Material and methods. The study consisted of four stages. At the first stage, a selective audit of information posted on 24 official websites of educational organizations in Kazan was carried out. At the second stage, 142 parents were surveyed. The third stage included work with 25 teachers in focus groups. At the fourth stage, a survey of 374 (192 girls and 182 boys) students in grades 7–10 was conducted. The results were processed using the methods of parametric and nonparametric statistics (mean value, error of the arithmetic mean, proportion of the feature, Kendal coefficient, χ2 at a significance level of α ≤0.05).

Results. Most (22 out of 24 analyzed) websites of educational organizations did not contain information on student health protection. The survey results of 142 parents showed low interest in the work carried out at the school. Evaluation of leaflets on healthy eating allowed us to choose the two most useful and informative ones: “For a teenager about nutrition. Food for the mind” (Xav=9.14 points) with consensus (W=0.744; α=0.0456) and “Healthy food for schoolchildren” (Xav=9.03 points; W=0.757; α=0.0398). The study of educational technologies used by teachers to instill in students the basic principles of health saving showed that teachers do not always use active forms. The result of a survey of 374 students was the identified need to improve knowledge in matters of self-regulation of the psychological state.

Conclusion. The study of the advantages and disadvantages of educational technologies used in the conduct of hygienic education and training of schoolchildren and their parents in the conditions of educational organizations requires further improvement and wider use of active forms of education that meet the needs of students.

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About the authors

Rushan I. Valiev

Kazan State Medical University

Email: rushan.valiev@kazangmu.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0799-1698

Senior Lecturer, Depart. of General Hygiene

Russian Federation, Kazan, Russia

Olga R. Radchenko

Kazan State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: radch.olga@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0616-2620

M.D., D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Department of General Hygiene

Russian Federation, Kazan, Russia

Svetlana L. Zhaboeva

Kazan State Medical University

Email: clinic-sl@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8739-9437

M.D., D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Department of General Hygiene

Russian Federation, Kazan, Russia

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