The intensity of oxidative stress and systemic inflammation in patients with a combination of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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Abstract

Background. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma, when combined in one patient, are characterized by a low level of control. Excess weight aggravates the course of obstructive diseases. The study of the features of this syntropy will improve the effectiveness of therapeutic measures.

Aim. The study of the level of cytokines and carbonylated proteins in patients with a combination of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with overweight and normal weight during an exacerbation.

Material and methods. The study included 136 people: the first group — a combination of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n=30), the second — bronchial asthma (n=36), the third — chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n=29), the fourth — volunteers without respiratory diseases (n=41). Each group was divided into two subgroups depending on the body mass index (less than 25 kg/m2 or 25 kg/m2 and more). The concentrations of interleukins-6 and -8, tumor necrosis factor α in blood plasma were determined by enzyme immunoassay. The level of carbonylated plasma proteins was assessed spectrophotometrically. Statistical processing was performed in the Statistica 10.0 program using nonparametric criteria. The correlation of the studied parameters was assessed using the Spearman coefficient.

Results. In patients with a combination of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, statistically significant positive correlations between the levels of interleukins-6 and -8, tumor necrosis factor α and carbonylated proteins were found — 0.51, 0.59 and 0.55, respectively (p <0.05). Patients of the first group with overweight differed by 37.5% in higher levels of interleukin-6 compared with patients with body mass index <25 kg/m2.

Conclusion. The intensity of systemic inflammation in patients with a combination of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during exacerbation correlates with the intensity of oxidative damage.

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About the authors

Svetlana V. Faletrova

Ryazan State Medical University named after I.P. Pavlov

Author for correspondence.
Email: faletrova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1532-0827
SPIN-code: 1427-8316
Scopus Author ID: 57218911623
ResearcherId: AEY-8072-2022

Assistant, Depart. of Faculty Therapy named after Professor V.Y. Garmash

 
Russian Federation, Ryazan, Russia

Oleg M. Uryasev

Ryazan State Medical University named after I.P. Pavlov

Email: Uryasev08@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8693-4696
SPIN-code: 7903-4609
Scopus Author ID: 57195313767
ResearcherId: S-6270-2016

M.D., D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Head of Depart., Depart. of Faculty Therapy named after Professor V.Y. Garmash

Russian Federation, Ryazan, Russia

Eduard S. Belskikh

Ryazan State Medical University named after I.P. Pavlov

Email: ed.bels@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1803-0542
SPIN-code: 9350-9360
Scopus Author ID: 57195313786
ResearcherId: A-7202-2019

M.D., Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant, Depart. of Faculty Therapy named after Professor V.Y. Garmash

 
Russian Federation, Ryazan, Russia

Svetlana V. Berstneva

Ryazan State Medical University named after I.P. Pavlov

Email: berst.ru@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3141-4199
SPIN-code: 6722-3203
Scopus Author ID: 57192170841
ResearcherId: B-9814-2018

M.D., Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof., Depart. of Faculty Therapy named after Professor V.Y. Garmash

 
Russian Federation, Ryazan, Russia

Ludmila V. Korshunova

Ryazan State Medical University named after I.P. Pavlov

Email: post_luda@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0945-0772
SPIN-code: 4694-3605

M.D., Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof., Depart. of Faculty Therapy named after Professor V.Y. Garmash

Russian Federation, Ryazan, Russia

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2. Fig. 1. Indicators of systemic inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) in the study groups. The p values are given above the figures. IL, interleukin; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor α; SPOM, spontaneous protein oxidative modification; ACO, asthma–COPD overlap (Group 1, n = 30); COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Group 3, n = 29); BA, bronchial asthma (Group 2, n = 36); Group 4 (n = 41), volunteers without respiratory diseases.

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3. Fig. 2. Assessment of systemic inflammation and OS markers in the study subgroups of patients with combined BA and COPD based on the factors “smoking” and “excessive body weight.” The p values are presented as Me [Q1; Q3]. SPOM, spontaneous protein oxidative modification; IL, interleukin; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor α. Smokers (n = 16), a subgroup who were active smokers at the time of enrollment, of whom 8 had a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and 8 had a BMI < 25 kg/m2. Ex-smokers (n = 14), a subgroup who quit smoking 5 years ago, with 9 having a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and 5 having a BMI < 25 kg/m2.

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