Features of the parotid gland anatomical parameters in men depending on the shape of the skull

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Intravital analysis of parotid gland morphometric parameters in the context of various skull shapes is promi­sing, since it allows systematizing the available information on the parotid gland anatomy.

AIM: To identify the features of the parotid gland anatomical parameters in men with different skull shapes according to computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study based on the examination of computer and magnetic resonance tomograms of the heads of 92 men. Depending on the skull shape, the study material was divided into groups: dolichocranes (n=30), mesocranes (n=32), brachycranes (n=30); chamecranes (n=19), orthocranes (n=47), hypsicranes (n=26); taipenocranes (n=33), metriocranes (n=30), acrocranes (n=29). Depending on the face shape, three groups were distinguished: euryenes (n=29), mesenes (n=33), leptens (n=40). A morphometric study of the parotid gland was performed with measurement of the sizes in three planes, as well as the volume of the organ using the technique of measuring internal organs’ volume during ultrasound examination. Statistical analysis was performed using nonparametric methods, such as the Kruskal–Wallis test, Mann–Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction, and Spearman.

RESULTS: In men, the sagittal size of the parotid gland significantly increased from brachycranes (4.22 cm on the right, 3.99 cm on the left) to dolichocranes [4.77 cm on the right (p=0.0001), 4.57 cm on the left (p=0.0001)]. A decrease in the frontal size of the gland was revealed from brachycranes ([3.43 cm on the right, 3.47 cm on the left) to dolichocranes [2.49 cm on the right (p=0.0001), 2.47 cm on the left (p=0.0001)]. With regard to the shapes of the facial skull, a significant difference in the vertical size of the gland was found [in euryenes 6.12 cm on the right, 6.18 cm on the left; in leptenes 6.98 cm on the right (p <0.0001), 6.95 cm on the left (p <0.0001)]. The frontal size value decreased significantly from euryens (3.42 cm on the right, 3.53 cm on the left) to leptenes [2.51 cm on the right (p <0.0001), 2.58 cm on the left (p <0.0001)].

CONCLUSION: In men with different forms of the cerebral skull, determined by the transverse-longitudinal index, the sagittal size of the parotid gland varies significantly; in men, depending on the shape of both the cerebral and facial skull, the frontal size of the gland changes.

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About the authors

Khurshed A. Abduvosidov

Russian University of Biotechnology (ROSBIOTECH); Tver State Medical University; Moscow Clinical Scientific and Practical Center named after A.S. Loginov

Email: sogdiana99@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5655-338X
SPIN-code: 7534-0320

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof., Head of Depart., Depart. of Human Morphology, Medical Institute; Prof., Depart. of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology; Ultrasound Doctor Diagnostics, Depart. of Ultrasound Diagnostics

Russian Federation, Moscow; Tver; Moscow

Vladislav I. Chernyavsky

Polyclinic No. 5 of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation

Author for correspondence.
Email: black1994@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-1944-9676
SPIN-code: 8164-9570

MD, Dentist-Surgeon

Russian Federation, Moscow

Valeria G. Shestakova

Tver State Medical University

Email: shestvg@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1136-7396
SPIN-code: 4541-8220

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof., Head of Depart., Depart. of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology

Russian Federation, Tver

Akif A. Yusufov

Tver State Medical University

Email: usufov@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9404-6768
SPIN-code: 1195-2520

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof., Head of Depart., Depart. of Radiation Diagnostics

Russian Federation, Tver

Alexandra D. Smirnova

City Clinical Hospital named after V.P. Demikhov

Email: alexa199503@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5470-0999
SPIN-code: 6888-5058

MD, Radiologist

Russian Federation, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Computed tomography, 3D reconstruction. (a) Sagittal projection. Line 1 — height dimension; A — bregma (the point of intersection of the sagittal and coronal sutures); B — basion (the point of intersection of the anterior edge of the foramen magnum with the medial plane). Line 2 — longitudinal dimension; C — glabella (a more prominent point located along the median plane between the inner edges of the superciliary arches); D — opisthocranion (the most distant point on the medial plane from the glabella). (b) Frontal (coronal) projection. Line 1 — transverse dimension; A, B — euryon (the most outwardly protruding points of the lateral surfaces of the cranial section of the skull, which are usually located on the lower part of the parietal bone or on the squama of the temporal bone). Line 2 — zygomatic dia¬meter; C, D — zygion (the most outwardly projecting point on the lateral surface of the zygomatic arch; E — nasion (the point of intersection of the nasofrontal suture with the internasal suture); F — prosthion (the most forwardly projecting points of the alveolar margin of the upper jaw between the medial incisors)

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