Standardization of studies on physical development of children in the Russian Federation

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The importance of studying the growth and development processes of the child population is due to the significance of the pre-clinical approach aimed at primary disease prevention.

AIM: To provide the constituent entities of the Russian Federation with standards for the physical development of children and adolescents aged 7–17 years.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: An analytical study was conducted, big data from the database “Physical Development of Children, Adolescents, and Youth of the Russian Federation in 2000–2021” were analyzed, containing 395,956 observations of physical development (length and body weight indicators) of children, adolescents, and young people living in 49 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Priority was given to research in the constituent entities for which regional standards had never been developed or for which they were developed 15–20 years or more ago. As a result, at least 2 constituent entities were analyzed in each federal district. Big data processing using machine learning was carried out on the basis of the PostgreSQL database. A web application was created that implemented the functions of tabular display of data, construction of histograms with the ability to select parameters and subsequent data publication on the map of the Russian Federation.

RESULTS: In Russia at the beginning of the 21st century, the characteristics of physical development of students living in diffe­rent constituent entities of the Russian Federation were established, which allowed us to talk about the presence of “regional scenarios” that must be taken into account when developing standards. At the age of 15, the range of average values of growth indicators for boys in the constituent entities ranged from 161.70±0.20 cm in the Kursk Region to 174.55±0.40 cm in the Krasnodar Territory (the difference was 12.85 cm, p=0.001), for girls — from 154.60±0.50 cm in the Republic of Tyva to 165.69±0.55 cm in St. Petersburg (the difference was 11.09 cm, p=0.001). The range of body weight of 15-year-old boys in the regions was from 50.17±0.70 kg in the Kursk region to 66.00±0.80 kg in the Khabarovsk region (difference 15.83 kg, p=0.001), girls — from 46.90±0.60 kg in the Chelyabinsk region to 58.40±0.70 kg in the Khabarovsk region (difference 8.50 kg, p=0.001).

CONCLUSION: 40 regional standards for the physical development of the child population have been developed in a standar­dized manner, which allows taking into account regional characteristics and makes it possible to use them in practical healthcare in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

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About the authors

Valery I. Popov

Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko

Email: 9038504004@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5386-9082
SPIN-code: 8896-9019

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of Depart., Depart. of Hygiene

Russian Federation, Voronezh

Olga Yu. Milushkina

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: olmilushkina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6534-7951
SPIN-code: 3802-3058

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vice-Rector for Academic Affairs, Director, Head of Depart., Depart. of Hygiene, Institute of Preventive Medicine named after Z.P. Solovyov

Russian Federation, Moscow

Natalya A. Skoblina

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: skoblina_dom@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7348-9984
SPIN-code: 4269-6361
Scopus Author ID: 8285540900
ResearcherId: Y-8078-2018

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Depart. of Hygiene, Institute of Preventive Medicine named after Z.P. Solovyov

Russian Federation, Moscow

Vladimir N. Nikolenko

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University

Email: nikolenko_v-n@staff.sechenov.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9532-9957
SPIN-code: 8257-9084

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Head of Depart., Depart. of Human Anatomy and Histology, Institute of Clinical Medicine named after N.V. Sklifosovsky

Russian Federation, Moscow

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