Vol 34, No 1 (1938)
Ways and achievements of Soviet surgery for 20 years October revolution
Abstract
The Great October Socialist Revolution, which had a tremendous impact on all aspects of life in our country, radically changed social and economic conditions, created conditions for the powerful growth of the country's industrialization, the collectivization of agriculture, could not but influence the thought and practice of Soviet surgeons.
20 years of Soviet pediatrics
Abstract
For the first time in the history of peoples, the working people found a real homeland, which surrounded them with care and attention, like a loving mother. Caring for a person, about his health and life, has acquired the greatest embodiment since the time of the Great October Revolution. The class character of the old medicine was relegated to the realm of tradition, medicine became the public domain and completely devotes itself to the service of the working people. Exceptional attention is paid to caring for the health of the mother and child. In this regard, all conditions are created for powerful development and pediatrics; the 20 years passed after the revolution really testify to the wide development of this field of medicine.
Soviet otorhinolaryngology for 20 years
Abstract
The ENT specialty received a powerful impetus for its development only under Soviet rule. Despite the relatively short period of post-October development, Soviet otorhinolaryngology reached such a flourishing and was enriched with such successes that it immediately moved to an honorable and independent place, taking it quite deservedly alongside other disciplines of Soviet medicine. Little understood not only by the broad masses, but also by doctors before 1917, otorhinolaryngology after the October Revolution was refracted in a completely new way in the minds of both Soviet doctors and the working people of our socialist homeland, to whose service it was developed.
Blood transfusion for purulent-septic diseases
Abstract
Blood transfusion for patients suffering from gas gangrene was first performed by Quesnin in 1917 with brilliant success. Haberland in 1921 recommends transfusion for sepsis. We find positive reviews of transfusions for purulent-septic diseases in Lindemann, Miller, Hoffmann, etc. On the other hand, Gempel does not note success from blood transfusions for purulent-septic diseases, and Elecker is their direct opponent.
To roentgenokymography of the stomach
Abstract
In modern medicine, the success of functional pathology: is closely related to the success of pathological anatomy. Anatomy, by studying the shape of an organ during its movements, becomes, according to Bergmann, functional anatomy. Naturally, the X-ray symptomatology of the digestive apparatus, which has recently achieved major results in recognizing the finest structural changes in the mucosa, in its further development should have followed the path of an objective study of the functional activity of the stomach in health and disease. One morphological study of the stomach without taking into account its motor function is, of course, one-sided and insufficient.
To the research method and to the interpretation of the glycemic response after glucose loading
Abstract
This report is a part of our work on carbohydrate metabolism in peptic ulcer disease. We mean to dwell on the research methodology and interpretation of the glycemic curve after glucose load, since the study of the violation of carbohydrate metabolism is becoming more and more important in the clinic of internal diseases. Since the regulation of blood sugar is provided by a whole system of organs, it is natural that in very many diseases we meet more or less pronounced disorders of carbohydrate metabolism; so, it is known; that even spontaneous hyperglycemia and glycosuria can occur in diseases of the pancreas, not only in diabetes, but also in pancreatitis, hemorrhages in pancreas, stones, cysts, pancreatic cancer, etc; the same phenomena can occur with anomalies of the pituitary gland, adrenal glands, thyroid gland and in other cases.
Merkusal with cardiac edema and ascites
Abstract
Of the drugs released in recent years by our Soviet pharmaceutical industry, merkuzal, an analogue of the German drug salirgan, attracts attention. According to its chemical composition, it is a complex compound of mercury acetic acid and sodium salt of allylamidosalicylic acid; soluble in water. This drug, released for sale in ampoules in the form of a 10% solution containing 0.036 grams of mercury in 1 cm3, belongs to the group of the strongest diuretics and is used intramuscularly, intravenously and intraperitoneally at intervals of 2-3 days. With intramuscular injections, according to our data, approximately 75% of daily urine output falls in the first 7-8 hours after injection.
Cases of noma
Abstract
Noma, water crayfish, was first described in 1816 (Baron). This severe suffering affects most children between the ages of 2 and 4. Cases of illness in older age are rare. The etiology of the disease is unknown. Chernyakhovsky considers it to be a maranth necrosis, and Krasin as an anemic necrosis. Oppel says that noma is a traumatic injury to the mucous membrane with the addition of infectious blood clots. Lexer argues that noma begins on the basis of inflammatory changes in the mucous membrane of the mouth. Schmidt finds no reason to isolate noma as an independent form of the disease and considers it to be a simple gangrene of the oral cavity. As the causative agents of the disease, diphtheria sticks, Vincent's sticks, streptotrix, leptotrix, cladotrix and symbiosis of spirochetes with a fusiform bacillus are called.
Hernia diaphragmatica
Abstract
Descriptions of cases of diaphragmatic hernia, as well as other diseases of the diaphragm, are relatively rare in the literature. Therefore, we want to share our observation, which once again indicates that in the differential diagnosis of diseases of the chest and abdominal organs, it is necessary to remember about such rare diseases as a hernia of the diaphragm.
A case of spontaneous discharge of large bile stone
Abstract
Despite the huge amount of work and great achievements in the theory and practice of studying diseases of the biliary tract, I think it is not superfluous to report a case of biliary colic, which ended in spontaneous discharge of a large stone.
For the correct training of students of medical universities
Abstract
In our message, we would like to once again touch on the setting of teaching outpatient surgery to medical students, which, in our opinion, is not given enough attention in surgical departments. As a result of this, the graduated doctors, to whom, during their student course, clinicians willingly demonstrate gastric resections, bowel surgery, nephrectomies, know little about carbuncles, abscesses, panaritiums, etc. diseases. Meanwhile, these "minor diseases" are the main concern of polyclinic doctors and doctors of the periphery. Having not received sufficient practical training in the treatment of purulent inflammatory processes and, in particular, inflammatory processes of the fingers, young doctors are forced to gropingly understand these everyday, often complex diseases, which often lead to the loss of working capacity in case of improper treatment.
Regarding the article by Dr. Aydarov
Abstract
Dr. Aydarov's article correctly raises the question of the abnormal formulation of medical education in that part of it, which concerns outpatient surgery and purulent surgery in particular. The main forms of purulent surgical diseases should be studied in the third year in general surgery classes, the department of which should be provided with clinical beds and an outpatient clinic. Until recently, there was no such clinic in Kazan, just as there was no department or an outpatient clinic. Thus, teaching the basics of general surgery and, in particular, teaching students of purulent surgery stood on the wrong path of predominantly theoretical education. Until recently, there was no fixed polyclinic, where it would be possible to widely and correctly organize the teaching of 5th year students in outpatient and, in particular, purulent surgery.
Defense of the thesis
Abstract
At the meeting of the Council of the Kazan Medical Institute on 30 / XII 1937, LS Persianinov defended his dissertation for the degree of candidate of medical sciences. sciences. Dissertation topic: "Streptocide action in clinic and experiment". The dissertation was completed at the departments of microbiology and obstetric-gynecological Kazan. state Institute for Advanced Training of Physicians. V.I. Lenin. The dissertation candidate reviewed the literature of Russian and foreign sources, presented the clinical and experimental data obtained by various authors (Ulesko-Stroganova, Lebedeva, etc.), gave different views on the mechanism of action of streptocide: through the reticulo-endoelial system or due to the direct bactericidal property of the streptocide itself. The author's own research consists of an experimental and a clinical part.
Vyasnovsky A. Yu. Ergotism. Classification of forms, clinical picture and pathological anatomy of chronic ergotism. Perm, 1937 Price 7 rubles.
Abstract
Based on personal observations and literature data, the author gives an exhaustive presentation of the issue of ergotism. Found their reflection in the monograph: the history of ergotism toxidemia, including ergotism in the Urals in 1926-1927, general symptomatology and classification of ergotism, laboratory data for chr. ergotism, psychosis in ergotism, pathologist, anatomy of Chr. ergotism, questions of pathogenesis, examination of ergotism, preventive and therapeutic measures in helping ergotines.
Prof. A. E. Mannheim. Pathogenesis, clinical picture and treatment of postpartum lactational mastitis. 93 pages Minsk, 1936 Price 1 r. 20 k. Circulation 3000 copies.
Abstract
The small book provides basic information about the anatomy of the breast, pathogenesis, clinical picture and therapy of postpartum mastitis. With twenty years of experience as well. underwent the development of 128 cases of mastitis that he had observed in the clinic over the past 2 years. Being a supporter of the theory of the lymphogenous origin of mastitis, a. quite in detail sets out various theories of the etiology and pathogenesis of postpartum mastitis, and also dwells in detail on the origin, treatment and prevention of nipple cracks. A. calls for great caution with feeding the baby with mastitis and cracked nipples, recommending giving it up if the mother has an infection.
Lamm, N. Postoperative subcutaneous emphysema. (Zbl. Chir. 1937.7. 417-418)
Abstract
A. draws attention to the so-called "harmless" form of postoperative subcutaneous emphysema, which he repeatedly observed, resulting from the spread of air trapped under the skin through the subcutaneous tissue during the operation when lifting the edges of the wound during the application of braces.
Philirowicz, J. Treatment of mumps. (ZbL Chir. 1937. 25. 1471-1472)
Abstract
The most frequent causative agent of inflammation of the parotid gland, which develops after operations, or diseases and injuries of the abdominal organs and sometimes gives significant mortality (according to some AA.-35 %) is Staphylococcus aureus.
Niklas. Preparation for local anesthesia (Zbl. Chir. 1937, 26.1555-1556)
Abstract
As a preparatory measure for local anesthesia a. recommends the following simple and reliable method, applicable to all patients, with the exception of children less than 14 years of age, for whom avertine basic anesthesia is the method of choice.
Ostadal, V. Chemical reaction to pregnancy according to Visscher-Bowman'y (Zbl. Chir. 1937.5.266-268)
Abstract
Based on a number of his own studies, A. comes to the conclusion that the positive result of the reaction proposed by Visscher-Bowman to determine pregnancy does not depend on the presence of the hormone of the anterior pituitary gland in the urine of pregnant women, as it was until now believed, but is probably due to the presence of carbohydrates in the urine, mainly lactose.