Vol 35, No 11-12 (1939)
- Year: 1939
- Published: 26.11.1939
- Articles: 26
- URL: https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/issue/view/9369
Full Issue
Clinical and theoretical medicine
To the 125th anniversary of the Kazan State Medical Institute
Abstract
1814 is a significant date in the cultural history of the Volga-Kama region, as the date of the official opening of the Kazan State University. The same year should be considered the date of the establishment of the Higher Medical School in Kazan, since differentiated teaching of medical sciences to students of the medical department began only from the moment of the official opening of the university, from the 1814/15 academic year. Before that, students were not yet distributed among the relevant departments (faculties) of the university and studied all disciplines without exception.
Choosing a method of surgery for femoral hernias
Abstract
The surgeon's task in herniotomy for femoral hernias is to remove the hernial sac with ligation of its neck as high as possible and the most perfect closure of the femoral canal formed by the hernial protrusion. Among the numerous methods proposed for operations on femoral hernias, the most commonly used is the method associated with the names of Bilroth-Bassini (1894), the essence of which is that a skin incision is made parallel to and directly below the inguinal ligament over the hernial tumor (in the area of the femoral canal); after dissecting the subcutaneous tissue and ligating the vessels running here (vasa pudenda), the fascia cribrosa is dissected, the hernial sac is exposed and opened, which, after checking the contents as high as possible.
Mistakes and dangers in strangulated hernia surgery
Abstract
Mistakes, dangers and complications in strangulated hernia surgery are not so rare and they depend mainly on the atypicality that is created due to the strangulation condition.
When starting a strangulated hernia surgery, the surgeon cannot draw up a completely precise plan of the operation in advance and must have sufficient knowledge and experience to adapt to the conditions of the given case during the operation. A surgeon working in a hospital environment makes a major mistake if, having established the indications for strangulated hernia surgery, he does not start the operation immediately, since gangrene of the strangulated organ may occur within a few hours after strangulation.
Some results of treatment of skull injuries with novocaine block
Abstract
Head injuries in the overwhelming majority of cases are accompanied by an increase in intracranial pressure. This is explained by the acute development of edema of the brain and its membranes after the injury with all its characteristic, sometimes very severe, clinical phenomena. Hence, it is quite natural that in the treatment of skull injuries, decisive importance is attached to methods leading to a decrease in intracranial pressure.
On the Clinic of Nephropathy in Malarials
Abstract
There are conflicting views on the significance of malaria as an etiologic factor in the development of renal diseases.
Prof. P. N. Nikolaev considers malaria to be the cause of kidney disease in 105 cases (36%) of 286 cases of acute nephritis. Prof. A. L. Myasnikov believes that out of 275 cases of Bright's disease (various forms), in 71 cases (24%) "the disease developed in direct connection with active malaria."
On the Clinic of Primarily and Secondarily Shrunken Kidneys without Hypertension
Abstract
The symptomatology of kidney diseases is extremely diverse. Along with typical, easily recognizable forms of kidney diseases, very often there are such forms that are often overlooked due to the absence of the so-called "main" symptoms of the clinical picture of this disease. These atypical, silent forms of nephropathy can lead to an incorrect diagnosis, and therefore to incorrect treatment.
Recently, the number of observations has increased, forcing a number of amendments to the harmonious teaching of Volhard and Farr on nephropathy, created on the basis of a synthesis of clinical and pathological anatomical data.
In this report, we would like to share two cases of primary and secondary shrunken kidney, which presented significant deviations from the usual clinical picture of a shrunken kidney.
On Fluctuations in Complement in the Blood in Acute Glomerulonephritis
Abstract
Experimental observations provide a solid morphological basis for the hypothesis, long ago put forward by clinicians, about the allergic nature of acute diffuse glomerulonephritis.
Clinical observations by Denecke indicate a drop in the number of platelets in acute nephritis, which is characteristic of anaphylactic shock (Ashar, Iwai). Lichtman and Gorbacheva with a biological cooling test according to Bukhshtab-Yasinovsky in acute diffuse glomerulonephritis obtained data that coincide with the results of using this test in rheumatism.
Studying the phenomenon of a drop in complement in various diseases of internal organs, we began to study it in kidney disease. Our material includes 47 studies in 28 patients with kidney disease.
Complementary titer of blood serum in nephritis
Abstract
In the study of the pathogenesis of internal diseases, in recent years, the reactivity of the body has increasingly come to the fore, along with the importance of external etiological factors. This view is reflected in the doctrine of the role of allergy in the etiopathogenesis of internal diseases. There is almost no area of internal diseases in which the importance of the allergic component has not been studied.
We decided to study some symptoms indicating allergic features in the clinical picture of glomerulonephritis. Among these symptoms, we focused our attention primarily on the complementary reaction of blood serum in acute glomerulonephritis.
On the issue of the morphological composition of bile in liver diseases occurring as acute parenchymatous hepatitis
Abstract
With the introduction of duodenal intubation into clinical research practice, it became possible to introduce a detailed study of the chemical and morphological composition of bile in patients. Numerous studies have established that with a number of diseases of the biliary tract, and partly the liver, certain changes occur in the morphological composition of bile. These changes primarily concern the content of leukocytes, epithelial cells, pathogenic microbes and lamblia in bile.
On oxidation-reduction processes in pneumonia
Abstract
It is known that in pneumonia, water-salt metabolism is disrupted (chloride excretion drops to minimal amounts), as well as lipid-fat, protein and carbohydrate metabolism, the basal metabolism and acid-base balance change (Kogan-Yasny, Perchik, Bogomolets).
Along with this, the question of the state of oxidation-reduction processes in tissues in pneumonic patients is of great interest.
On the issue of treating chronic leukemia
Abstract
X-rays, arsenic, benzene, iron and blood transfusion are used to treat chronic leukemia. Recently, combined treatment methods have been considered the most effective: X-rays and iron, arsenic and iron, arsenic and X-rays, arsenic, X-rays and blood transfusion. The criterion for choosing a treatment method, dosage and duration is careful monitoring of the blood picture and the general condition of the body.
A refined method for determining mean arterial pressure
Abstract
While sphygmography is currently almost never used, the method of tonoscillography—automatic recording of pulse pressure fluctuations—is beginning to acquire increasing importance. A tonoscillogram is a curve of pulse fluctuations (oscillations) with successively changing external pressure (in a pneumatic cuff). This curve shows the change in oscillations when moving from high pressure to low or vice versa, with them initially increasing and then gradually decreasing.
Experience of using preparations of "blue" bacilli in skin diseases
Abstract
The question of using antivirus for the treatment of skin tuberculosis arose immediately after Bezredka's reports on the therapeutic effect of using antivirus in other diseases. However, the first experiments of Professor Abel in this direction ended badly: strong local and general reactions immediately followed the use of antivirus prepared from Koch's bacilli using the usual method. Of course, there was nothing unexpected in this, because no matter what you call the broth in which tuberculosis bacilli grew - antivirus or filtrate, in fact we are talking about unconcentrated tuberculin.
The effect of Izhevsk Mineral Water Source No. 1 on the secretory function of the stomach of a Dog
Abstract
The study of the effect of Izhevsk mineral water source No. 1 "on the secretory function of the stomach of a dog was carried out in July-September 1937 in the Izhevsk Mineral Water Sanatorium. As is known from the works of Pavlov, Lӧnnquist΄а and others, solutions of soda and sodium chloride, acting from the surface of the duodenum, inhibit gastric secretion, and acting from the surface of the mucous membrane of the pyloric part of the stomach, excite the secretion of gastric juice. Alkaline mineral waters have the same effect on the secretion of gastric juice, which was shown by the works of Dr. Zipalova and Lidskaya on the Caucasian Mineral Waters.
Observations from practice and short communications
On the casuistry of the contents of the hernial sac in strangulations
Abstract
The casuistry of the contents of the hernial sac is extremely diverse. Vulshtein believes that any of the abdominal organs can become the contents of the hernial sac. The usual and most frequent contents are the small intestines. The latter, distinguished by great mobility and moving in the abdominal cavity in various directions, can appear in almost all types of hernias: inguinal, femoral, umbilical. A frequent companion of the small intestines in the hernial sac is the omentum.
The relative frequency of finding one or another organ as hernial contents is well illustrated by the table of Sertoli, who published a report on 1543 inguinal hernias he operated on.
A case of alveolar echinococcus of the liver
Abstract
At the end of the last century, it was believed that the diagnosis of alveolar echinococcus was extremely difficult and possible only with autopsies (Vinogradov, Brandt, Kruzenshtern). At present, such pessimism is unnecessary, but still, the known difficulties have not been completely overcome.
On the issue of treating corrosive nephrosis
Abstract
On September 16, 1938, citizen F-va was delivered to the clinic by ambulance in a severe state of poisoning, with vomiting, pain when swallowing, a burning sensation in the mouth and pain in the stomach area. According to the patient, she took two grams of corrosive sublimate. In the clinic, the stomach was washed, 4 raw eggs, one liter of milk, 2.0 animal charcoal and a saturated solution of burnt magnesia were given.
A case of multiple hemorrhagic Kaposi's sarcoma cured by X-rays
Abstract
In 1872, Kaposi described a special form of skin disease, which he called idiopathic multiple pigment sarcoma. The disease is characterized by the appearance of tumors on the hands and feet, the size of a pellet, a pea or more, bluish-red, brownish-red in color, roundish in shape, dense-elastic consistency. These tumors sit deep in the corium. They are located either separately or merge with each other. In addition to tumors, bluish or red spots are observed in the same places, which quickly turn into solid infiltrates of varying sizes.
To the clinic of actinomycosis of the neck
Abstract
A case of actinomycosis of the upper respiratory tract and neck was observed in our clinic, which is of undoubted interest.
Patient K., 38 years old, a collective farmer, has been working as a carpenter for several months, came to the clinic outpatient department on March 30, 1938, complaining of slight pain when swallowing. The patient was admitted to the hospital for a detailed examination. According to him, the disease began only a few weeks ago, and it appeared almost exclusively as a sensation of "something foreign in the throat." On the left side of the neck, there is tissue compaction and slight pain when pressing.
A case of isolation of Spirochaetae icterogenes in infectious jaundice
Abstract
One of the causative agents of infectious jaundice, as is known, is sp. icterogenes, or leptospira, discovered by Japanese scientists Inada and Ido in 1915. The spirochete in this disease is detected in the first days, before the appearance of jaundice, in the blood of patients, later and for quite a long time (up to several weeks or more) - in the urine.
To detect spirochetes, using, depending on the period of the disease, blood or urine, they resort either directly to bacterioscopy in a dark field of vision and sowing on appropriate nutrient media (sterile tap water, Ungerman, Uhlenhut, etc.), or to infecting guinea pigs.
Reviews
On the clinical use of thorotrast for hepatolienography
Abstract
Thorotrast, a preparation by Heyden, is a colloidal solution of thorium dioxide. Its study as a contrast agent for X-ray examination of the liver and spleen was initiated in 1929 by Oka and Radt. When administered intravenously, thorotrast is absorbed by elements of the reticuloendothelial system. Attractive prospects for the use of thorotrast for X-ray examination of organs rich in reticuloendothelial elements, primarily the liver and spleen, opened up.
Etiology and bacteriological diagnostics of infectious jaundice
Abstract
Diseases of infectious jaundice, which have a tendency to epidemic spread, have been known since ancient times. Of the earliest epidemics of this kind, the epidemic in Berlin is known, dating back to 1699 according to Henning. More often these epidemics occur in wartime in armies, in connection with which during the imperialist war of 1914-18 the most intensive study of the etiology of this disease began.
On the biography of the founder of the Kazan Therapeutic School, Professor N. A. Vinogradov
Abstract
Nikolay Andreevich Vinogradov, a native of the village of Byksy, Ardatovsky district, Nizhny Novgorod province, the son of a priest, was born on November 7, 1831. He received his initial education at home and in the family of the factory owner Shepelev, whose children were his peers. The boy's abilities attracted the attention of his home tutor Shepelev-Rantsevich, who taught him foreign languages. His father sent his son to the Nizhny Novgorod Theological Seminary, where the future famous writer and critic N. A. Dobrolyubov also studied at the same time.
70 years of the Kazan Psychiatric Hospital
Abstract
The public of the Order-bearing Tatarstan, together with the People's Commissariat of Health of the RSFSR, celebrated the 70th anniversary of the oldest medical institution in Kazan—the psychiatric hospital—on June 23, 1939.
The idea of creating a mental hospital in Kazan arose in the 1940s. The commission of the tsarist government "labored" for 18 years on the issue of building a hospital for 150 beds. The hospital was designed as the first of 8 district hospitals planned for construction in Russia. It is impossible, of course, to suspect the government of Alexander II of any special sympathy for the mentally ill of the multinational Volga-Kama region. From a historical review of this issue, it is clear that "the largest cash funds at that time were in the public welfare departments of the Volga region provinces, which is why, as an experiment, it was proposed to build a district hospital, first of all, in the city of Kazan."
Personalities
Professor Ternovsky Vasily Nikolaevich
Abstract
A. was born in 1878 in Verkhoturye, in the family of an employee. In 1904 he graduated from the medical faculty of Kazan University, and then defended his doctoral dissertation in Kazan on the topic: "Pneumotomy in Russia", A. A. completed surgical school under the guidance of professors V. I. Razumovsky and S. P. Fedorov.