Vol 35, No 11-12 (1939)

The surgeon's task in herniotomy for femoral hernias is to remove the hernial sac with ligation of its neck as high as possible and the most perfect closure of the femoral canal formed by the hernial protrusion. Among the numerous methods proposed for operations on femoral hernias, the most commonly used is the method associated with the names of Bilroth-Bassini (1894), the essence of which is that a skin incision is made parallel to and directly below the inguinal ligament over the hernial tumor (in the area of the femoral canal); after dissecting the subcutaneous tissue and ligating the vessels running here (vasa pudenda), the fascia cribrosa is dissected, the hernial sac is exposed and opened, which, after checking the contents as high as possible.

Head injuries in the overwhelming majority of cases are accompanied by an increase in intracranial pressure. This is explained by the acute development of edema of the brain and its membranes after the injury with all its characteristic, sometimes very severe, clinical phenomena. Hence, it is quite natural that in the treatment of skull injuries, decisive importance is attached to methods leading to a decrease in intracranial pressure.

The symptomatology of kidney diseases is extremely diverse. Along with typical, easily recognizable forms of kidney diseases, very often there are such forms that are often overlooked due to the absence of the so-called "main" symptoms of the clinical picture of this disease. These atypical, silent forms of nephropathy can lead to an incorrect diagnosis, and therefore to incorrect treatment.

Recently, the number of observations has increased, forcing a number of amendments to the harmonious teaching of Volhard and Farr on nephropathy, created on the basis of a synthesis of clinical and pathological anatomical data.

In this report, we would like to share two cases of primary and secondary shrunken kidney, which presented significant deviations from the usual clinical picture of a shrunken kidney.

In the study of the pathogenesis of internal diseases, in recent years, the reactivity of the body has increasingly come to the fore, along with the importance of external etiological factors. This view is reflected in the doctrine of the role of allergy in the etiopathogenesis of internal diseases. There is almost no area of ​​internal diseases in which the importance of the allergic component has not been studied.

We decided to study some symptoms indicating allergic features in the clinical picture of glomerulonephritis. Among these symptoms, we focused our attention primarily on the complementary reaction of blood serum in acute glomerulonephritis.

It is known that in pneumonia, water-salt metabolism is disrupted (chloride excretion drops to minimal amounts), as well as lipid-fat, protein and carbohydrate metabolism, the basal metabolism and acid-base balance change (Kogan-Yasny, Perchik, Bogomolets).

Along with this, the question of the state of oxidation-reduction processes in tissues in pneumonic patients is of great interest.

While sphygmography is currently almost never used, the method of tonoscillography—automatic recording of pulse pressure fluctuations—is beginning to acquire increasing importance. A tonoscillogram is a curve of pulse fluctuations (oscillations) with successively changing external pressure (in a pneumatic cuff). This curve shows the change in oscillations when moving from high pressure to low or vice versa, with them initially increasing and then gradually decreasing.

The study of the effect of Izhevsk mineral water source No. 1 "on the secretory function of the stomach of a dog was carried out in July-September 1937 in the Izhevsk Mineral Water Sanatorium. As is known from the works of Pavlov, Lӧnnquist΄а and others, solutions of soda and sodium chloride, acting from the surface of the duodenum, inhibit gastric secretion, and acting from the surface of the mucous membrane of the pyloric part of the stomach, excite the secretion of gastric juice. Alkaline mineral waters have the same effect on the secretion of gastric juice, which was shown by the works of Dr. Zipalova and Lidskaya on the Caucasian Mineral Waters.

At the end of the last century, it was believed that the diagnosis of alveolar echinococcus was extremely difficult and possible only with autopsies (Vinogradov, Brandt, Kruzenshtern). At present, such pessimism is unnecessary, but still, the known difficulties have not been completely overcome.

In 1872, Kaposi described a special form of skin disease, which he called idiopathic multiple pigment sarcoma. The disease is characterized by the appearance of tumors on the hands and feet, the size of a pellet, a pea or more, bluish-red, brownish-red in color, roundish in shape, dense-elastic consistency. These tumors sit deep in the corium. They are located either separately or merge with each other. In addition to tumors, bluish or red spots are observed in the same places, which quickly turn into solid infiltrates of varying sizes.

One of the causative agents of infectious jaundice, as is known, is sp. icterogenes, or leptospira, discovered by Japanese scientists Inada and Ido in 1915. The spirochete in this disease is detected in the first days, before the appearance of jaundice, in the blood of patients, later and for quite a long time (up to several weeks or more) - in the urine.

To detect spirochetes, using, depending on the period of the disease, blood or urine, they resort either directly to bacterioscopy in a dark field of vision and sowing on appropriate nutrient media (sterile tap water, Ungerman, Uhlenhut, etc.), or to infecting guinea pigs.

Diseases of infectious jaundice, which have a tendency to epidemic spread, have been known since ancient times. Of the earliest epidemics of this kind, the epidemic in Berlin is known, dating back to 1699 according to Henning. More often these epidemics occur in wartime in armies, in connection with which during the imperialist war of 1914-18 the most intensive study of the etiology of this disease began.

The public of the Order-bearing Tatarstan, together with the People's Commissariat of Health of the RSFSR, celebrated the 70th anniversary of the oldest medical institution in Kazan—the psychiatric hospital—on June 23, 1939.

The idea of ​​creating a mental hospital in Kazan arose in the 1940s. The commission of the tsarist government "labored" for 18 years on the issue of building a hospital for 150 beds. The hospital was designed as the first of 8 district hospitals planned for construction in Russia. It is impossible, of course, to suspect the government of Alexander II of any special sympathy for the mentally ill of the multinational Volga-Kama region. From a historical review of this issue, it is clear that "the largest cash funds at that time were in the public welfare departments of the Volga region provinces, which is why, as an experiment, it was proposed to build a district hospital, first of all, in the city of Kazan."

A. was born in 1878 in Verkhoturye, in the family of an employee. In 1904 he graduated from the medical faculty of Kazan University, and then defended his doctoral dissertation in Kazan on the topic: "Pneumotomy in Russia", A. A. completed surgical school under the guidance of professors V. I. Razumovsky and S. P. Fedorov.