Vol 75, No 2 (1994)

At the beginning of the XX century , the famous Russian professor D. Ott suggested using ventroscopy for the diagnosis of diseases of the abdominal cavity organs, which allowed an examination of internal organs without an incision of the abdominal wall. For decades, surgeons such as Kelling, Kalk, Wittman, V. S. Saveliev, V. M. Buyanov, P. X. Vasiliev and others have done a lot to introduce into practice a low-traumatic method of invasive diagnostics - laparoscopy, in which the examination is carried out with an optical device inserted through a puncture of the abdominal wall.

The data of endoscopic investigations and surgical interventions are presented. The experience of the performance of laparoscopic cholecystectomies allows to outline a number of essential considerations as to the tactics of their performance.

Patients with gastric and duodenal ulcer complicated by perforation account for 5% of the number of patients operated in urgent hospitals [4].

The data devoted to the important section of endosurgery — the development and introduction of equipment for operations are presented.

The peculiarities of bronchial asthma caused by hypersensitivity to antigens Candida albicans are studied.

The results of study of the strength characteristics of vertebrae and intervertebral disks of the mobile part of vertebral column of a person in postenbryonal ontogenesis are given. The data obtained statistically allow to consider the pathogenesis of formation of Shmorl’s hernias, posterolateral hernias of intervertebral disks and the mechanism parts of the traumatic compression of vertebral bodies in persons of various age groups.

Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis is one of the formidable purulent surgical diseases in children. About 75% of cases of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis occur in childhood. The frequency of hematogenous osteomyelitis in children is 2.2-10% of all surgical diseases, and 12.2% of all purulent-septic diseases.

The present notions of pathogenesis of contracture are presented, the manual therapy methods for the given pathology are described, the utility of a combination of the therapy method with auriculoacupuncture is stressed.

Currently, in most developed countries, laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LCE) is the surgery of choice for cholelithiasis (GI) [2, 14, 20]. However, in patients with complicated forms of GI, its successful implementation depended on solving a number of issues related to preoperative diagnosis and treatment tactics. Laparoscopic operations are characterized by unusual exposure for the surgeon, the impossibility of palpation of the intervention zone and, finally, the technical difficulties that arise when performing additional manipulations in non-standard situations. In particular, choledocholithiasis is a serious problem when performing LHE and forces, among other main reasons, to switch from laparoscopic surgery to open surgery [18]. Therefore, the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis and treatment tactics for LHE require special attention.

November 30, 1993 marked the 70th anniversary of the birth and 40 years of scientific and pedagogical activity of Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Gabdulkhak Gilmullovich Nasibullin, a participant in the Great Patriotic War, an excellent health worker, the first professor of orthopedic and surgical dentistry from the Tatars in the country.

Blood clotting is a complex enzymatic process, at the end of which plasma globulin fibrinogen turns into fibrous fibrin. Blood clotting factors make an important contribution to hemostasis. This can be seen from the fact that disorders in the blood clotting system can cause, on the one hand, bleeding, and on the other — thrombosis and embolism. In addition to hemostatic function, many plasma coagulation factors are involved in a number of other reactions that provide homeostasis.

The patentable method of treatment of in- grown nail is proposed which eliminates the reason of ingrown nail relapse by means of the nail matrix impression.