Kazan Trachomatous Institute in historical retrospective: background and circumstances of its opening
- Authors: Khusainova D.C.1, Ivanov A.Y.2, Ivanova R.G.2
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Affiliations:
- Republican Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital named after E.V. Adamyuk
- Kazan State Medical University
- Issue: Vol 104, No 1 (2023)
- Pages: 152-158
- Section: History of medicine
- URL: https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/120189
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/KMJ120189
- ID: 120189
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Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of the prerequisites and circumstances of the first trachomatous institute establishment in Russia, designed to stop the spread of a dangerous infectious eye disease in one of the key regions of the RSFSR — the Republic of Tatarstan. The initial period of the spread of trachoma in the Russian Empire, dating back to the first quarter of the 19th century, is characterized, and the first steps in the study and treatment of trachoma in the Kazan province are defined. On the basis of archival documents, many of which were not previously introduced into scientific circulation, the authors analyze a significant layer of historical information that sheds light on a number of facts that have not been previously published or studied. The prerequisites that characterize the formation of the attitude of the Kazan scientific community to the need to organize the fight against a new spreading disease — trachoma — on a large scale, have been identified. For the first time, prosopographic data on the first leaders of the institute were clarified, it was convincingly proved that, contrary to popular belief, it was not V.V. Chirkovsky, but A.G. Agababov who became the first director of the Trachomatous Institute in Kazan. Materials on the circumstances and conditions of the actual opening of the trachomatous institute in 1922 are given. The features of the fight against trachoma in the period preceding the opening of the trachomatous institute, starting with the activities of E.V. Adamyuk, representatives of the Kazan Governorate and special medical commissions, ending with the formation of a specialized scientific and clinical infrastructure, are identified.
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About the authors
Dina C. Khusainova
Republican Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital named after E.V. Adamyuk
Email: MuseumKGMU@yandex.ru
M.D., Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head
Russian Federation, Kazan, RussiaAnton Yu. Ivanov
Kazan State Medical University
Email: Antonivanof@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7039-9326
Cand. Sci. (History), Assoc. Prof., Depart. of Biomedical Ethics, Medical Law and History of Medicine
Russian Federation, Kazan, RussiaRegina G. Ivanova
Kazan State Medical University
Author for correspondence.
Email: MuseumKGMU@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5026-2709
Cand. Sci. (History), Head, Museum of history
Russian Federation, Kazan, RussiaReferences
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