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No 12 (2024)

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SOCIAL ISSUES

Eastern and western directions of labor of labor immigration to Russia: historical markets and prospects

Sedlov A.

Abstract

The paper systematizes the concepts of ‘eastern’ and ‘western’ directions of labor immigration to Russia as terms for the conventional designation of migrant flows from poor CIS countries and qualified specialists from other countries, including developed Western ones. The author assesses the analytics of limiting mass migration to host countries; presents estimates of original statistical algorithms; notes historical markers of immigration, the experience of which can be used in the modern immigration model; shows negative trends in the decline in the level of foreign labor and the transformation of labor immigration from Central Asian countries into social (civil), along with the risks associated with the naturalization of new citizens.

Society and Economics. 2024;(12):46-64
pages 46-64 views

ECONOMIC POLICY

A global turn in national industrial strategies: the move towards technological self-sufficiency

Smorodinskaya N., Katukov D.

Abstract

The paper examines the global phenomenon of industrial policy securitization in the early 2020s, marked by various countries’ synchronous transition toward technological self-sufficiency/sovereignty in priority sectors (TS course). We show why countries have shifted from economic efficiency priorities to economic security dominance, identify typical common features and national characteristics of the TS course in leading developed and developing economies (USA, EU, China, India, Brazil), as well as reveal these countries’ costs and risks in achieving their goals. Against the backdrop of this global trend, we analyze the Russian TS course specifics under sanctions and demonstrate objective limits for its successful implementation in internal and external contexts. We conclude that the securitization trend will intensify, but the accumulated costs from geopolitical fragmentation of the world economy will eventually return countries to their former economic openness.

Society and Economics. 2024;(12):5-25
pages 5-25 views

Technological sovereignty as reflected by patent statistics: artificial intelligence and semiconductors

Ilyina S.

Abstract

The article analyzes global patent statistics in the field of artificial intelligence and semiconductor technologies. Based on the analysis, it was found that in the period 2019–2023, four leading countries together accounted for about 90% of the world’s published patent applications for technologies in both artificial intelligence and semiconductors. The study revealed low patent activity in Russia in the analyzed period, accompanied by negative dynamics in the publication of patent applications. As one of the possible solutions to stimulate the patent activity of Russian applicants, it is proposed to adjust scientific, technological and industrial policies.

Society and Economics. 2024;(12):26-33
pages 26-33 views

Participation of business and non-profit organizations in the implementation of national projects and sustainable development agenda (with reference to Krasnoyarsk Krai)

Bataeva B., Kiseleva N., Cheglakova L., Sytin B.

Abstract

The methodological basis for the study of regional business entities’ participation in the ESG agenda and the implementation of national projects was the concept of sustainable development and resource theory. According to the results of a survey of 208 respondents from 144 organizations in the private and public sectors of the economy of Krasnoyarsk Krai, large state-owned companies lag significantly behind large private companies in terms of their participation in the implementation of national projects and the ESG agenda. The involvement of SMEs and NGOs is weaker, the main obstacles being a lack of resources, poor awareness of participation tools and a lack of understanding of the benefits of participation.

Society and Economics. 2024;(12):34-45
pages 34-45 views

WORLD ECONOMY

Russia’s foreign trade: challenges and lessons of 3 years of sanctions pressure

Ushkalova D.

Abstract

The article examines in detail the stages of the sanctions pressure on Russia in 2022–2024 and its impact on the Russian economy, while analyzing the logic of the evolution of the sanctions regime and the specifics of the countermeasures used by Russia. The author distinguishes three stages of modern sanctions pressure, differing in the nature and direction of restrictions. It is shown that the current modification of the sanctions regime, which has been implemented since the end of 2023, is characterized by a progressive increase in the speed of unwinding the “sanctions spiral” focused on combating the sanctions circumvention strategy used by Russia (including through the expansion of secondary sanctions and measures against the Russian “shadow” fleet) and an actual return to the policy of limiting the physical volume of Russian exports cause increased risks for the development of Russian economy and foreign trade in 2025.

Society and Economics. 2024;(12):65-79
pages 65-79 views

Transformation of Russia’s foreign trade integration with post-soviet countries in the context of sanctions

Pylin A.

Abstract

The paper examines the trends, problems and prospects of Russia’s trade relations with post-Soviet states in the context of sanctions imposed by the West. The key prerequisites for the neutrality of most CIS countries with regard to anti-Russian sanctions are considered. The dynamics, structure and stages of Russia’s trade interaction with post-Soviet countries for the period 2022–2024 are analyzed. The importance of the current preferential trade agreements between Russia and the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and this association with third countries in the development of intermediary trade is noted. A typology of countries in the region is carried out depending on the intensity and nature of its trade relations with Russia.

Society and Economics. 2024;(12):80-91
pages 80-91 views

Trade interaction between the Union State–EAEU–ВRICS: modern trends and prospects

Medvedev l.

Abstract

The study is devoted to the analysis of trade and economic interaction between the Union State of Russia and Belarus (hereinafter referred to as the US of Russia and Belarus), the EAEU, and BRICS+. The purpose of the work is to analyze the trends in the development of economic cooperation within the US of Russia and Belarus –EAEU with the BRICS+ countries, to identify potential areas for the development of exports from Russia and the countries of these associations. To assess the trends in trade and economic relations within the Union State and the EAEU, trade intensity indices are used, which makes it possible to identify the most promising trading partners among the BRICS+ countries. The study also revealed the need to assess the potential and prospects for increasing exports from the US of Russia and Belarus and EAEU countries to the BRICS+ countries. To solve this problem, an assessment was made of the index of propensity to export from the US of Russia and Belarus and EAEU countries to the BRICS+ countries, which made it possible to identify the limits and means for implementing possible programs for coupling the development of the US of Russia and Belarus, EAEU format with the countries of the expanded BRICS+ format.

Society and Economics. 2024;(12):92-105
pages 92-105 views