THE TUNDRA SWAN, CYGNUS COLUMBIANUS (ANATIDAE), IN THE EASTERN ASIAN ARCTIC: TRENDS AND RANGES OF DIFFERENT FLYWAY POPULATIONS
- Authors: Solovyeva D.V.1, Barykina D.A.1, Kirtaev G.V.2, Danilova V.V.2, Rozenfeld S.B.2
-
Affiliations:
- Institute of Biological Problems of the North, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
- Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences
- Issue: Vol 102, No 1 (2023)
- Pages: 46-58
- Section: ARTICLES
- URL: https://kazanmedjournal.ru/0044-5134/article/view/654209
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S0044513423010105
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/AZBWKI
- ID: 654209
Cite item
Abstract
The tundra of the eastern Asian Arctic is inhabited by at least three flyway populations of the Tundra swan: the East Asian continental migratory flyway population of C. c. bewickii; the western Pacific flyway population of C. c. bewickii, and the western (American) flyway population of C. c. columbianus. The main objective of the present paper is to assess population trends by comparing information on the historical (the only one in the tundra of northeastern Asia) bird aerial survey in 1993–1995 with the data of our aerial survey held in 2020–2021. Another aim was to estimate the proportion of breeding birds in different flyway populations. The size of the zone of intergradation C. c. bewickii and C. c. columbianus in Chukotka and the level of hybridization have so far remained poorly studied, this issue required clarification. Aerial survey data for 2020–2021 were processed using QantumGIS 9.16.5 software. The system included the following layers: a vector layer of the world map; routes of aerial surveys for 2020 and 2021; and polygons of counts for 1993–1995. The system made it possible to calculate the length of the survey. Estimates for each region were calculated for the extrapolation area given in the historical survey. Between 1993–1995 and 2020–2021, an increase in the numbers of all three flyway populations of the Tundra swan was revealed on the breeding grounds. The East Asian continental flyway population increased 3.86 times, vs. 3.05 times for the West Pacific flyway population (while the documented growth of this population was 2.1 times, according to mid-winter counts over the same period). The Western (American) flyway population grew 2.5 times. We believe that the northern border of the summer range of the Tundra swan has significantly shifted to the north, following the summer climate change and the northward shift of the subarctic tundra zone. Registration of nests and broods in areas where only non-breeding birds were recorded during the historical survey is additional evidence of a northward displacement of the range. Kymyneyveem R (about 175.6° W) borders the areas of dominance of C. c. bewickii and C. c. columbianus. The switch in dominance has been triggered off, as there is no zone where both subspecies would occur in equal proportions. The overlap area of both subspecies extends for 600 km along the Arctic coast.
About the authors
D. V. Solovyeva
Institute of Biological Problems of the North, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Author for correspondence.
Email: diana_solovyova@mail.ru
Russia, 685000, Magadan
D. A. Barykina
Institute of Biological Problems of the North, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Author for correspondence.
Email: daria.barykin@gmail.co
Russia, 685000, Magadan
G. V. Kirtaev
Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences
Author for correspondence.
Email: georgeusrr@gmail.com
Russia, 119071, Moscow
V. V. Danilova
Author for correspondence.
Email: valeriya981@mail.ru
Russia, 190000, St. Petersburg
S. B. Rozenfeld
Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences
Author for correspondence.
Email: rozenfeldbro@mail.ru
Russia, 119071, Moscow
References
- Архипов В.Ю., Ноах Т., Кошкар С., Кондрашов Ф.А., 2014. Птицы мыса Шмидта и окрестностей // Русский орнитологический журнал. Т. 23. Экспресс-выпуск 1076. С. 3771–3797.
- Головнюк В.В., Бондарь М.Г., Гаврилов А.А., Колпащиков Л.А., Розенфельд С.Б., Киртаев Г.В., Поповкина А.Б., 2020. Распространение и динамика численности малого лебедя на Таймыре // Казарка. Вып. 22. С. 43–64.
- Голубев С.В., Суин М.В., 2014. Материалы по летней орнитофауне приморских ландшафтов Северной Чукотки // Дальневосточный орнитологический журнал. № 4. С. 20–41.
- Дондуа А.Г., 2016. Отчет по условиям размножения. Коса Беляка и о. Южный, Чукотский п-ов, Россия, 2016 // Птицы Арктики: программа сбора данных об условиях размножения арктических птиц. Ред. Соловьев М.Ю., Томкович П.С. Режим доступа: http://www.arcticbirds.ru/info16/ru215ru11716r.html. Дата доступа 14 ноября 2021.
- Кищинский А.А., 1988. Орнитофауна северо-востока Азии. М.: Наука. 288 с.
- Коблик Е.А., Редькин Я.А., 2004. Горячие точки таксономии гусеобразных фауны России и сопредельных регионов // Казарка. № 10. С. 47–65.
- Кондратьев А.Я., 1984. Миграции восточносибирских тундровых лебедей (Cygnus bewickii ankowskii) и их зимовки в Японии // Зоологический журнал. Т. 63. Вып. 12. С. 1835–1847.
- Косяк А.В., Загребин И.А., 2017. Американский лебедь Cygnus columbianus в национальном парке “Берингия” // Русский орнитологический журнал. Т. 26. Экспресс-выпуск 1529. С. 4928–4930.
- Розенфельд С.Б., Волков С.В., Рогова Н.В., Соловьев М.Ю., Киртаев Г.В., Замятин Д.О., Ванжелюв Д., 2019. Малый лебедь (Cygnus bewickii): существует ли экспансия азиатских популяций на запад? // Зоологический журнал. Т. 98. № 3. С. 302–313.
- Поярков Н.Д., Ходжес Дж., Элдридж В., 2000. Атлас распределения птиц в приморских тундрах северо-востока Азии (по материалам авиаучетов 1993–1995 гг.). М.: Издательство Центра охраны дикой природы. 86 с.
- Прокопенко О.Д., Барыкина Д.А., 2022. Динамика численности и успех размножения некоторых видов птиц дельты р. Апапельгин, Западная Чукотка // Вестник Северо-Восточного научного центра ДВО РАН. № 1. С. 66–76.
- Степанян Л.С., 1990. Конспект орнитологической фауны СССР. М.: Наука. 727 с.
- Титкова Т.Б., Виноградова В.В., 2019. Изменения климата в переходных природных зонах севера России и их проявления в спектральных характеристиках ландшафтов // Современные проблемы дистанционного зондирования Земли из космоса. Т. 16. № 5. С. 310–323.
- Титкова Т.Б., Золотокрылин А.Н., 2021. Региональная неравномерность летнего потепления материковой Арктики как индикатор природных границ северных ландшафтов // Арктика: экология и экономика. Т. 11. № 3. С. 386–394.
- Томкович П.С., 2007. Аннотированный список птиц окрестностей города Певека, Чукотский автономный округ // Орнитология. № 34. С. 176–185.
- Clements J.F., Schulenberg T.S., Iliff M.J., Billerman S.M., Fredericks T.A., Gerbracht J.A., Lepage D., Sullivan B.L., Wood C.L., 2021. The eBird // Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2021. https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Ely C.R., Sladen W.J.L., Wilson H.M., Savage S.E., Sowl K.M., Henry B., Schwitters M., Snowdon J., 2014. Delineation of Tundra Swan Cygnus c. columbianus populations in North America: geographic boundaries and interchange // Wildfowl. Vol. 64. P. 132–147.
- Evans M.E., Sladen W.J.I., 1980. A comparative analysis of the bill markings of Whistling and Bewick’s Swans and out-of-range occurrences of the two taxa // Auk. V. 97. P. 697–703.
- Fang L., Zhang J., Zhao Q., Solovyeva D., Vangeluwe D., Rozenfeld S., Lameris T., Xu Z., Bysykatova-Harmey I., Batbayar N., Konishi K., Moon O., He B., Koyama K., Moriguchi S., Shimada T., Park J., Kim H., Liu G., Hu B., Gao D., Ruan L., Natsagdorj T., Davaasuren B., Antonov A., Mylnikova A., Stepanov A., Kirtaev G., Zamyatin D., Kazantzidis S., Sekijima T., Damba I., Lee H., Zhang B., Xie Y., Rees E., Cao L., Fox A., 2020. Two distinct flyways with different population trends of Bewick’s Swan Cygnus columbianus bewickii in East Asia // Wildfowl SI 6. P. 13–42.
- Gill F., Donsker D. (Eds), 2017. IOC World Bird List (v 7.3) https://doi.org/10.14344/IOC.ML.7.3. Дата обращения: 18 ноября 2021.
- Hodges J.I., Eldridge W.D., 2001. Aerial surveys of eiders and other waterbirds on the eastern Arctic coast of Russia // Wildfowl. V. 52. P. 127–142.
- Limpert R.J., Earnst S.L., Carboneras C., Kirwan G.M., 2020. Tundra Swan (Cygnus columbianus), version 1.0 // In: Birds of the World (S.M. Billerman, Ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.tunswa.01
- Makeev V.M., Ponomareva D.P., Pitulko V.V., Chernova G.M., Solovyeva D.V., 2003. Vegetation and Climate of the New Siberian Islands for the Past 15,000 Years // Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research. V. 35. № 1. P. 56–66.
- Ministry of the Environment, 2021. Japan Integrated Biodiversity Information System. The Biodiversity Center, Yamanashi, Japan. Available at http:// www.biodic.go.jp/gankamo/gankamo_top. html (last accessed 20 November 2021). [In Japanese].
- Rees E.C., 2006. Bewick’s Swan. London, UK: T. & A.D. Poyser. 320 p.
- Rees E.S., Cao L., Clausen P., Coleman J., Cornely J., Einarsson O., Ely C.R., Kingsford R., Ming M., Mitchell C.D., Nagy S., Shimada T., Snyder J., Solovyeva D.V., Tijsen W., Vilina Y.A., Włodarczyk R., Brides K., 2019. Conservation status of the world’s swan populations, Cygnus sp. and Coscoroba sp.: a review of current trends and gaps in knowledge // Wildfowl. SI 5. P. 35–72.
- Solovyeva D.V., 2016. Observation of Tundra Swan in West Chukotka // In: Mitchell C.D. (ed). Swan News. № 12. Newsletter of the Wetlands International / IUCN SSC Swan Specialist Group. P. 28.
- Solovyeva D., Vartanyan S., 2014. Aspects of the breeding biology of Bewick’s Swans Cygnus columbianus bewickii nesting in high densities in the Chaun River delta, Chukotka, east Russia // Wildfowl. V. 64. P. 148–166.
- Solovyeva D., Koyama K., Vartanyan S., 2019. Living child-free: proposal for density-dependent regulation in Bewick’s Swans Cygnus columbianus bewickii // Wildfowl SI 5. P. 197–210.
- Syroechkovski E.E. jr., 2002. Distribution and Population Estimates for Swans in the Siberian Arctic in the 1990s // Waterbirds. Vol. 25 (Special Publication 1). P. 100–113.
- Vangeluwe D., Rozenfeld S., Volkov S., Kazantzidis S., Morosov V.V., Zamyatin D.O., Kirtaev G.V., 2018. Migrations of Bewick’s Swan (Cygnus bewickii): new data on tagging the migration routes, stopovers, and wintering sites // Biology Bulletin. Vol. 45. P. 90–101.
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2019. Waterfowl population status, 2019. U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington D.C., USA.
Supplementary files
