The genus Spiroceras (Ammonoidea) from the Upper Bajocian of the Northern Caucasus: intraspecific heterochronies

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Abstract

This paper discusses records of heteromorphic ammonites of the genus Spiroceras (family Spiroceratidae) in the Upper Bajocian of the interfluve of the Kuban and Urup rivers (Karachay-Cherkessia). The presence of a single species, S. obliquecostatum (Quenstedt), has been confirmed for the lower part of the Parkinsoni Zone (sherstyukovi faunal horizon). S. obliquus (Baugier et Sauzé) is identified for the first time from the upper part of the Niortense Zone (bispinatum faunal horizon). The most abundant and well-preserved material (also from the bispinatum horizon) consists of the species S. annulatum (Deshayes) and S. bispinatum (Baugier et Sauzé). Among the adult shells of these two species, two size groups are clearly distinguished, characteristic of both microconchs and macroconchs. Apparently, this is a classic case of intrapopulation heterochrony, expressed in the presence of normogerontic and tachygerontic shells.

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About the authors

V. V. Mitta

Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences; Cherepovets State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: mitta@paleo.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, 117647; Cherepovets, 162602

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Location of sites: a – general scheme, the outline of the detailed map is shown in the frame; b – map of the mentioned outcrops (4, 17, 30).

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3. Fig. 2. Biostratigraphic subdivisions of the Upper Bajocian of the Kuban basin (after: Mitta, 2024) and distribution intervals of ammonites of the genus Spiroceras.

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4. Fig. 3. Spiroceras obliquecostatum (Quenstedt): a, b – in the same concretion with Rarecostites sherstyukovi Mitta [m], specimen PIN, No. 5546/396: a – ventral side, b – lateral view; c – in a concretion with Rarecostites sp. [m], specimen PIN, No. 5546/397, lateral view; Karachay-Cherkessia, Zelenchuksky District, right bank of the Kyafar River below Storozhevaya station, locality 4; upper subformation of the Dzhangurskaya Formation; upper Bajocian, Parkinsonia parkinsoni Zone, Parkinsonia subarietis subzone, Rarecostites sherstyukovi faunal horizon; author’s collections. Scale bar is 10 mm.

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5. Fig. 4. Spiroceras obliquus (Baugier et Sauzé): a – body chamber of a not fully adult specimen with an aperture, specimen PIN, no. 5546/187, lateral view; b – shell fragment, specimen PIN, no. 5546/419, ventrolateral view; Karachay-Cherkessia, Zelenchuksky District, right bank of the Kyafar River below the village of Storozhevaya, locality 17; upper subformation of the Dzhangurskaya Formation; upper Bajocian, Strenoceras niortense Zone, Baculatoceras baculatum Subzone, Spiroceras bispinatum faunal horizon; author’s collections. Scale bar is 10 mm.

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6. Fig. 5. Normogerontine shells of Spiroceras microconchs: a–d – S. bispinatum (Baugier et Sauzé): a, b – specimen PIN, No. 5546/399 from the ventral side and from the side; c, d – specimen PIN, No. 5546/400-1 from the side; d – specimen PIN, No. 5546/109-1 from the side; f–j – S. annulatum (Deshayes): f, g – specimen PIN, No. 5546/116 from the ventral side and from the side; h – specimen PIN, No. 5546/105 from the side; i, j – specimen PIN, No. 5546/106 from the side and from the ventral side; location and age same as in Fig. 4; author's collections. Scale bar length 10 mm.

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7. Fig. 6. Tachygerontine shells of the microconch Spiroceras bispinatum (Baugier et Sauzé): a, b – specimen PIN, No. 5546/402 from the side; c – specimen PIN, No. 5546/403 from the side; d – specimen PIN, No. 5546/401 from the side; locality and age are the same as in Fig. 4; author’s collections. Scale bar is 10 mm long.

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8. Fig. 7. Normogerontine shells of Spiroceras macroconchs: a–c – S. bispinatum (Baugier et Sauzé): a, b – specimen PIN, No. 5546/416 from the ventral side and from the side; c – specimen PIN, No. 5546/143 from the side; d – S. annulatum (Deshayes), specimen PIN, No. 5546/157 from the side; locality and age are the same as in Fig. 4; author’s collections. Scale bar is 10 mm long.

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9. Fig. 8. Tachygerontine shells of the macroconch Spiroceras bispinatum (Baugier et Sauzé): a, b – specimen PIN, No. 5546/417 from the side and from the ventral side; c – specimen PIN, No. 5546/418 from the side; locality and age are the same as in Fig. 4; author’s collections. Scale bar is 10 mm long.

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