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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Kazan medical journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Kazan medical journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Казанский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0368-4814</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9359</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99740</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/kazmj99740</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">To the diagnosis of pre-disease in smokers</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>К диагностике предболезни у курящих</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherbatenko</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щербатенко</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>info@eco-vector.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreev</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреев</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>info@eco-vector.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhungin</surname><given-names>P. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жунгин</surname><given-names>П. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>info@eco-vector.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyrgar</surname><given-names>D. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пыргарь</surname><given-names>Д. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>info@eco-vector.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan Institute for Advanced Medical Training</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский институт усовершенствования врачей имени В. И. Ленина</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan Kurashov Medical Institute of the Order of the Red Banner of Labor</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский ордена Трудового Красного Знамени медицинский институт имени С. В. Курашова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="1988-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>1988</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>436</fpage><lpage>437</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-01-28"><day>28</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-01-28"><day>28</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 1988, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 1988, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>1988</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/99740">https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/99740</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Smoking is a risk factor for many diseases. In particular, it leads to the development of chronic bronchitis and its complications. However, in spite of the urgency of the research of cardiorespiratory system state in smokers, there are almost no data in the literature about the complex study of this system in this contingent. The aim of this work is to elucidate the mechanisms of early changes in the cardiorespiratory system and to develop methods for their diagnostics in smokers who consider themselves healthy. 325 smokers and 197 non-smokers were examined. Their medical history was studied, ECG, fluoro- and spirography (GEL, SPHF, Votchal-Tiffno index) were performed. Smokers considered themselves healthy, they did not have any complaints.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Курение является фактором риска многих заболеваний. В частности, оно ведет к развитию хронического бронхита и его осложнений. Однако несмотря на актуальность исследования состояния кардиореспираторной системы у курильщиков, в литературе почти нет сведений о комплексном исследовании этой системы у данного контингента. Цель работы — выяснение механизмов ранних изменений в кардиореспираторной системе и разработка методов их диагностики у курящих, которые считают себя здоровыми. Обследовано 325 курящих и 197 некурящих лиц. Изучен анамнез, проведены ЭКГ, флюоро- и спирография (ЖЕЛ, ОФВ|, индекс Вотчала — Тиффно). Курящие считали себя здоровыми, жалоб не предъявляли.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Kazan Medical archive</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Казанский медицинский архив</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Виницкая P. С., Цузмер T. С., Когановa Н. А.//В кн.: Новые приборы газоанализа в современной медицине и физиологии.— Казань, 1967.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Клемент Р. Ф.//Инструкция по применению формул и таблиц должных величин основных спирографических показателей.— Л., 1986.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
